Verbal Homonymy in the Russian Language

Essential the discussion of Russian verbal homonymy presented in this paper is first of all a definition of four terms related the concept of homonymy. These terms are homonym, homophone, homograph, and polyseme. The definitions given below are those used throughout this study of the phenomenon of homonymy and its occurrence in the Russian language, and it is understood that the terminology is not accepted the exclusion of possible extensions or limitations in other applications. Homonyms are words spelled and pronounced the same. They have different meanings, but not necessarily different etymologies. Homonyms may be divided into full homonyms and partial homonyms. In Russian full homonyms are those words which agree in all grammatical forms, for example, the verb tykaf: to jab and to address someone in the second person singular, or the noun Sajka: small tub and band of thieves. Partial homonyms, frequently called homoforms, like full homonyms, are words spelled and pronounced the same. They are the result of the accidental falling together of one or more, but not all, of the forms of two words. They need not be etymologically different. Homoforms include the word napas f: misfortune (noun) and to attack (verb), and the verb iaf: to squeeze and to reap. Homophones are words pronounced the same, but spelled differently. A pair of Russian verbal homophones is found in doju [daju], the first person singular of the verb doit': to milk, and daju [daju], the first person singular of the verb davaf: to give. Homographs are words with identical orthography, but whose stress and pronunciation are not the same. The words may be etymologically related. An example of Russian homographs is the pair beregu, the dative singular of the noun ber eg: shore, and beregu, the first person singular of the verb bereS: to guard. Closely related homonyms are polysemes, words orthographically and phonetically identical, but which possess two or more

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