Female Participation in the Informal Economy
A Neglected Issue
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 9752674 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Michele Hoyman, Michele M Hoyman (0000-0003-2975-9179, University of Missouri, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1987 |
| Volume | 493 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 64-82 |
| Publication date | 1987-09-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0002-7162 • E-ISSN: 1552-3349 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0002716287493001006 |
| OpenAlex | W2115868837 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 21 |
| References cited | 11 |
The author examines three questions: how much females participate in the informal economy; why they participate; and what the policy implications of their participation are. In the process of examining these issues, the author develops a behavioral theory of female participation, involving exit, voice, loyalty, and dual loyalty, following Hirschman's work. Using three measures—the number of individuals; the amount of time; and dollars—she finds that women participate in the informal economy as much as, and probably more than, men do. In the course of trying to explain why females participate in the informal economy, she discusses a variety of different explanations and then rejects them because they are too value laden and/or they make too many assumptions. Finally, she discusses the policy implications of more and more women having dual loyalty, such as the need for government-regulated, safe day care, and the need for revising the definition of labor force participation to reflect some of the informal activity of women
Business · Dual (grammatical number · Dual economy · Dual role · Economic growth · Economics · Government (linguistics · Informal sector · Loyalty · Value (mathematics · Variety (cybernetics · Work (physics · Engineering · Marketing · Taxation and Compliance Studies
Women's paid and unpaid handiwork in a Belfast estate
Persistent Poverty in the Netherlands
Assessing the nature and determinant of informal employment in India
Small-Business Participation in the Informal Sector of an Emerging Economy
Working 'Off the Books
Mexican Immigrants and Informal Self-Employment in Chicago
Improving the socio-economic welfare of women through informal sector activities in Ghana
Situated empowerment
Employment in India's informal sector
But I liked it, I liked it’
Reconceptualizing Women's Paid Informal Work
Women of the Shadows
The Domestication of Women’s Work
The Reality of Today Has Required Us to Change”
Routes to the Informal Economy in New York's East Village
Informal Work in Nonmetropolitan Pennsylvania1
Economic Restructuring, Gender, and Informal Work
The Contours and Correlates of Informal Work in Rural Pennsylvania
Sex, Lies, and Statistics
The reproductive and occupational health of women street vendors in Johannesburg, South Africa
Mobile phones in the transformation of the informal economy
| Unique citing works | 21 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,66 |
| Citation span | 1994 - 2025 (32) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 20 |