That’s not fair

Children’s neural computations of fairness and their impact on resource allocation behaviors and judgments

Bibliographic Data

ID9788969
AuthorsJason M Cowell (corresponding author), Jessica A Sommerville (0000-0001-8290-254X, University of Toronto), Jean Decety (0000-0002-6165-9891)
Year2019
Volume55
Issue11
Pages2299-2310
Publication date2019-11-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueDevelopmental Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0012-1649 • E-ISSN: 1939-0599
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/dev0000813
PMID31436460
OpenAlexW2969339117
LanguageEN
Citations received5

The ability to distinguish between mere equality in resource distributions and fairness based on a broader range of contextual factors is of paramount importance in social decision making and is a critical component of morality. Children's developmental shift from viewing inequality as a dichotomous moral issue toward a more nuanced understanding of partial inequality has been well documented across middle childhood and is attributed to a host of potential theoretical underpinnings, including developing number concept, increased regard for one's social status, and a maturing concept of fairness. The current study examined the electrophysiological markers associated with children's (N = 83; 4 to 8 years of age) third-party evaluations of equal, slightly unequal, and extremely unequal resource distributions, documenting the timing of fairness considerations. It further explored the link between individual differences in these neural computations and children's allocation behaviors and judgments. Event-related potentials demonstrated an early differentiation between equality and any type of inequality reflected by a medial frontal negativity. Later (after 500 ms), extreme inequality was discriminated from equality and slight inequality. Differences in later waveforms predicted sharing and third-party contextual resource distributions, accounting for wealth and merit. These results illuminate the multifaceted nature of developing neural computations of fairness and illustrate the value of a multiple levels of analysis approach in contributing theoretical clarity toward the developmental science of moral cognition and behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)

Cognitive psychology · Developmental psychology · Inequality · Inequity aversion · Morality · PsycINFO · Child and Animal Learning Development · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social Psychology

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