A Comparative Study of Immigrant and Non‐immigrant Families in Canada with Special Reference to Income, 1986

A comparison of immigrant and non‐immigrant families in Canada based on unpublished data from the 1986 Consensus of Canada indicates that immigrant families have stronger family ties and higher income than their non‐immigrant counterparts. This could be partly because immigrant families contain higher proportions of their members at prime working ages, higher proportions with three or more employment income recipients and higher proportions working full year full time. As the period of residence in Canada of immigrants increases, the difference in income between immigrant and non‐immigrant families increases. However, the income difference is smaller for husband‐wife and male lone‐parent families than for female lone‐parent families. The multivariate analysis of family income indicates that age and family type have overwhelming effects and that place of birth is third in importance. Immigrant families from the US, UK, Europe (excluding Southern Europe) and Africa have higher incomes than families from other places of birth. Both non‐immigrant and immigrant husband‐wife and male lone‐parent families derive about 75 per cent of their total income from wages and salaries, whereas non‐immigrant and immigrant female lone‐parent families derive about 62 and 68 per cent respectively. Non‐immigrant female lone‐parent families derive about 24 per cent of their income from government transfers, whereas immigrant female lone‐parent families derive about 16 per cent. With the exception of Old Age Security payments and Guaranteed Income Supplement, government transfers such as Canada and Quebec Pension Plan payments, unemployment insurance benefits, family allowances, worker's compensation, provincial income supplements and tax credits are smaller for immigrant families both in dollar amounts and as proportions of their total income for the non‐immigrant families

Census · Demographic economics · Economic growth · Economics · Family income · Geography · Immigration · Multivariate analysis · Population · Socioeconomics · Sociology · Demography · Medicine · Migration and Labor Dynamics · Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy · Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies

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