Survival Employment’
Gender and Deskilling among African Immigrants in Canada
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 9954973 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Gillian Creese (University of British Columbia), Brandy Wiebe (University of British Columbia) |
| Year | 2009 |
| Volume | 50 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 56-76 |
| Publication date | 2009-07-20 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | International Migration (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0020-7985 • E-ISSN: 1468-2435 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1468-2435.2009.00531.x |
| OpenAlex | W1597387112 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 160 |
| References cited | 24 |
Recent research points to a growing gap between immigrant and native‐born outcomes in the Canadian labour market at the same time as selection processes emphasize recruiting highly educated newcomers. Drawing on interviews with well‐educated men and women who migrated from countries in sub‐Saharan Africa, this paper explores the gendered processes that produce weak economic integration in Canada. Three‐quarters of research participants experienced downward occupational mobility, with the majority employed in low‐skilled, low‐wage, insecure forms of “survival employment”. In a gendered labour market, where common demands for “Canadian experience”, “Canadian credentials” and “Canadian accents” were uneven across different sectors of the labour market, women faced particular difficulties finding “survival employment”; in the long run, however, women’s greater investment in additional post‐secondary education within Canada placed them in a somewhat better position than men. The policy implications of this study are fourfold: first, we raise questions about the efficacy of Canadian immigration policies that prioritize the recruitment of well‐educated immigrants without addressing the multiple barriers that result in deskillling; second, we question government policies and settlement practices that undermine more equitable economic integration of immigrants; third, we address the importance of tackling the “everyday racism” that immigrants experience in the Canadian labour market; and finally, we suggest the need to re‐think narrowly defined notions of economic integration in light of the gendered nature of contemporary labour markets, and immigrants’ own definitions of what constitutes meaningful integration
Demographic economics · Deskilling · Economic growth · Economics · Government (linguistics · Immigration · Immigration policy · Labour economics · Payment · Political science · Settlement (finance · Sociology · Wage · Work (physics · Employment and Welfare Studies · Migration and Labor Dynamics · Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy
Contextualizing community wellbeing among newcomer residents in the Greater Toronto Area
Linguistic diversity and social inclusion
“ Lachak ” and the Normalization of Nonbelonging
Language status, sexual orientation, and comprehensibility predict the employability of gay- and straight-sounding first- and second-language speakers
Global mobilities
Exploring perceptions of stress factors among transnational West African immigrant women
Disparity learning during youth internships in Singapore
Parent–Child Relationships Among African Immigrant Families in Canada
The gendered consequences of skill-discounting for migrants
Use it or lose it
Discourses of loss of professional status and gender discrimination among migrant physicians in Chile
Economic integration of African immigrant youths in Saskatchewan, Canada
La Star de soccer, figure de « la diversité » au Canada
What do students in human resource management know about accent bias
Highly-Skilled Migration
Between House and Home
Choosing the “right” nation
Examining the factors that affect the employment status of racialised immigrants
Lamentable Letting Go
“It is not just about my work, my identities count”
Everyday Racism in Social Science Research
“It Sounds Like You Don’t Want to Help Me”
Migration and Resilience in Urban Canada
Skill, value, and the social reproduction of Philippine-Canada migration
Healing Toward Interdependency
Discrimination in the Workplace in Canada
Identities as an Everyday Life Strategy
Refugees’ resettlement in a Canadian mid-sized Prairie city
The Fashioning of the Homo Economicus (Economic Citizen)
The Intersectional Effects of Race, Gender, and Religion on the Economic Integration of High-skilled Immigrants
Career Development Wellbeing and Coping Strategies of Zimbabwean Immigrants in the United States
Immigrants’ sense of belonging in Quebec
Managing the rising tide of Nigerian migrants to the West—A policy vacuum or a structural challenge
Migration, resettlement and integration of survivors of the 1994 genocide against Tutsi in Rwanda in Canada
Limits of Social Capital for Refugee Integration
The drivers of deskilling
Racialized Labour Market Incorporation? African Immigrants and the Role of Education‐Occupation Mismatch in Earnings
From Independence to dependence
Alternative Careers toward Job Market Integration
Reskilled and Integrated, but How? Navigating Trauma and Temporary Hardships
Nutritional Factors, Physical Health and Immigrant Status Are Associated with Anxiety Disorders among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Social and Proximate Determinants of the Frequency of Condom Use Among African, Caribbean, and Other Black People in a Canadian City
Regular Dental Care Utilization
Exploring the Intersection Between Immigration and Gender in the Context of Troubled Sleep
African Immigrants in Low-Wage Direct Health Care
Structural violence and the uncertainty of viral undetectability for African, Caribbean and Black people living with HIV in Canada
Common language’ and proficiency tests
Growing Roots
Canada’s Sub-Saharan African migrants
Social-ecological correlates of acculturative stress among Latina/o and Black Caribbean immigrants in the United States
Gendered Labor Continuum
How Career Identity Shapes the Meaning of Work for Referred Employees
Deskilling and labour market barriers among skilled racialized immigrants in British Columbia
Small Tragedies of Individuals’ Lives”
Doing’ capital
Deskilling unpacked
Gender, Generation and Identities in Vancouver’s African Diaspora
Good Intentions’ that ‘Do Harm’
The school‐to‐work transitions of second‐generation immigrant youth
Is there any merit to the merit‐based immigration system? What Sub‐Saharan African immigrant labor and housing market outcomes tell us about U.S. economic and immigration systems
Country context, race and wages
Erasing English Language Competency
Deskilling and delanguaging African migrants in Barcelona
I don’t see the light at the end of the tunnel’
Migration and Differential Labour Market Participation
Organizing across divides
Migrants’ subjective well-being in Europe
Pathways between under/unemployment and health among racialized immigrant women in Toronto
African single mothers and their children in Canada
Negotiating and Reinventing Identities by South Asian Women in the Context of Transnational Mobility
Self-Advocacy in Shadows
Navigating Cumulative Disadvantages of Migration, Care, and Employment Regimes
Geographic variations in precarious employment outcomes between immigrant and Canadian‐born populations
Extended Case Management Services Among Resettled Refugees in the United States
There is always this feeling of otherness’
Intersectionality, identity work and migrant progression from low‐paid work
African immigrant women’s transition and integration into Canadian society
Success or Self-Sufficiency? The Role of Race in Refugees’ Long-Term Economic Outcomes
Changing the Rules of the Game”
What Habeas Corpus Can (and Cannot) Do for Immigration Detainees
I had to prove myself a hundred times more than the other Teachers”
Lagging behind in suburbia
An Aging Workforce and the Future Labour Market in Canada
Addressing women's agency on international mobility
Combating discrimination at workplaces through mainstreaming ‘gender’ and ‘integration’ needs in legislation
Intersections of gender and immigrant status in Japan
Pathways to Help-Seeking and Mental Health Service Provision for African Female Survivors of Conflict-Related Sexualized Gender-Based Violence
Relations between residential and workplace segregation among newly arrived immigrant men and women
Deskilling and reskilling of political refugees in the Republic of Korea
The Resettlement Experiences of Oromo Women Who Entered Canada as Refugees
Channeling and Wages Among New US Immigrants from Mexico, India, and the Philippines
Clustering in declining industries? The economic-social isolation and instability of migrant workers in Beijing
Mobilizing communities and families for child mental health promotion in Canada
Does Immigrant Selection Policy Matter? Labor Market Integration of Ethiopian Immigrants in Israel and the United States
We will start building from that”
When You See Nature, Nature Give You Something Inside”
You don’t sound black” African immigrant youth experiences of discrimination in the labor market in Calgary
Migration policies and practices at job market participation
Ethnic Variations in Immigrant Poverty Exit and Female Employment
Racial Microaggressions at Work
Becoming a Citizen
The Colour of Money
Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education
Relations of Ruling
Attitudes toward work
The ‘Flexible’ Immigrant? Human Capital Discourse, the Family Household and Labour Market Strategies
Interrogating Race and Racism
Cultural representations of immigrant workers by service providers and employers
Earning Disparities between Immigrants and Native‐born Canadians
What Colour Is Your English?”
Gender and U.S. Immigration
The Domestication of Women’s Work
Family Patterns, Gender Relations
Gender, work and migration
Will They Ever Converge? Earnings of Immigrant and Canadian-born Workers over the Last Two Decades
Incorporation, Transnationalism, and Gender
Mapping Gender and Migration in Sociological Scholarship
Brain Abuse”, or the Devaluation of Immigrant Labour in Canada
Family Change and Economic Well‐being in Canada
A Glass Half Full? Gender in Migration Studies
Gender Matters
Habitus, rules of the labour market and employment strategies of immigrants in Vancouver, Canada
The Tyranny of Work. Alienation and the Labour Process
| Unique citing works | 160 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 10 |
| Citation span | 2010 - 2026 (17) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 157 |