Ronald W Snow

Datos Biográficos

ID258770
NOMBRERonald W Snow
NOMBRESRonald W
APELLIDOSnow
FIRMASNOW R W
AFILIACIONESKenya Medical Research Institute
ORCID0000-0003-3725-6088
VERIFICADOSí
TOTAL DE OBRAS34
TOTAL DE CITAS63
TOTAL COMO AUTOR34
TOTAL COMO EDITOR0
PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN1985
AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN2025
ÍNDICE H3

  • Trends in malaria prevalence among school-age children in Mainland Tanzania, 2015–2023

    Open AccessFrank Chacky, Joseph T Hicks et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2025

    In high-transmission areas, school-aged children have higher malaria prevalence and contribute significantly to the transmission reservoir. Malaria infections can be asymptomatic or present with symptoms which may contribute to anaemia, severe illness and fatal malaria. This analysis provides trends of malaria prevalence and associated risk factors among school-aged children in mainland Tanzania. Data for this analysis were obtained from nationwi…

  • Inpatient and postdischarge mortality among children with anaemia and malaria parasitaemia in Kenya

    Open AccessMoses M Ngari, Martha Mwangome et al.ARTICLEBMJ Global Health2024

    BACKGROUND: Anaemia and malaria are leading causes of paediatric hospitalisation and inpatient mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is limited empirical data on survival following hospital discharge. We aimed to estimate independent effects of anaemia and malaria parasitaemia on inpatient and 1 year postdischarge mortality among Kenyan children. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study among children admitted to Kilifi County Hospital (KC…

  • Geographic accessibility to public and private health facilities in Kenya in 2021

    Open AccessAngela K Moturi, Laurissa Suiyanka et al.ARTICLEFrontiers in Public Health2022

    Objectives: To achieve universal health coverage, adequate geographic access to quality healthcare services is vital and should be characterized periodically to support planning. However, in Kenya, previous assessments of geographic accessibility have relied on public health facility lists only, assembled several years ago. Here, for the first time we assemble a geocoded list of public and private health facilities in 2021 and make use of this up…

  • Geospatial mapping of timely access to inpatient neonatal care and its relationship to neonatal mortality in Kenya

    Open AccessPaul Ouma, Lucas Malla et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2022

    Globally, 2.4 million newborns die in the first month of life, with neonatal mortality rates (NMR) per 1,000 livebirths being highest in sub-Saharan Africa. Improving access to inpatient newborn care is necessary for reduction of neonatal deaths in the region. We explore the relationship between distance to inpatient hospital newborn care and neonatal mortality in Kenya. Data on service availability from numerous sources were used to map hospital…

  • Modelling geographic access and school catchment areas across public primary schools to support subnational planning in Kenya

    Open AccessPeter M Macharia, Angela K Moturi et al.ARTICLEChildren s Geographies2022Citada por: 1Referencias: 4

    Understanding the location of schools relative to the population they serve is important to contextualise the time, students must travel and to define school catchment areas (SCAs) for planning. We assembled a spatio-temporal database of public primary schools (PPS), population density of school-going children (SGC), and factors affecting travel in 2009 and 2020 in Kenya. We combined the assembled datasets within cost distance and cost allocation…

  • Subnational estimates of factors associated with under-five mortality in Kenya

    Open AccessPeter M Macharia, Noel K Joseph et al.ARTICLEBMJ Global Health2021

    BACKGROUND: To improve child survival, it is necessary to describe and understand the spatial and temporal variation of factors associated with child survival beyond national aggregates, anchored at decentralised health planning units. Therefore, we aimed to provide subnational estimates of factors associated with child survival while elucidating areas of progress, stagnation and decline in Kenya. METHODS: Twenty household surveys and three popul…

  • Defining service catchment areas in low-resource settings

    Open AccessPeter M Macharia, Nicolas Ray et al.ARTICLEBMJ Global Health2021

    Defining an accurate, representative service catchment area is important for computing population denominators for disease mapping and efficient public planning, including health, education and social care.\n \nThe growth in population settlement modelling techniques and provision of geocoded service databases has fuelled an increase in local and regional service access mapping to examine coverage and equity in much of sub-Saharan African countri…

  • Accuracy of verbal autopsy, clinical data and minimally invasive autopsy in the evaluation of malaria-specific mortality

    Open AccessNatalia Rakislova, Dercio Jordao et al.ARTICLEBMJ Global Health2021

    BACKGROUND: Global malaria mortality estimates are hindered by the low reliability of the verbal autopsy (VA) and the clinical records, the most common sources of information used to estimate malaria-specific mortality. We aimed to determine the accuracy of these tools, as well as of the minimally invasive autopsy (MIA), a needle-based postmortem sampling method, to identify malaria-specific mortality in a large series of deceased patients from M…

  • Plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence in East Africa

    Open AccessVictor A Alegana, Peter M Macharia et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2021

    The High Burden High Impact (HBHI) strategy for malaria encourages countries to use multiple sources of available data to define the sub-national vulnerabilities to malaria risk, including parasite prevalence. Here, a modelled estimate of Plasmodium falciparum from an updated assembly of community parasite survey data in Kenya, mainland Tanzania, and Uganda is presented and used to provide a more contemporary understanding of the sub-national mal…

  • Competing interests, clashing ideas and institutionalizing influence

    Open AccessJustin Parkhurst, Ludovica Ghilardi et al.ARTICLEHealth Policy and Planning2021Referencias: 31

    This article explores how malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa is shaped in important ways by political and economic considerations within the contexts of aid-recipient nations and the global health community. Malaria control is often assumed to be a technically driven exercise: the remit of public health experts and epidemiologists who utilize available data to select the most effective package of activities given available resources. Yet resea…

  • Can we use local climate zones for predicting malaria prevalence across sub-Saharan African cities

    Open AccessOscar Brousse, Stefanos Georganos et al.ARTICLEEnvironmental Research Letters2020

    Malaria burden is increasing in sub-Saharan cities because of rapid and uncontrolled urbanization. Yet very few studies have studied the interactions between urban environments and malaria. Additionally, no standardized urban land-use/land-cover has been defined for urban malaria studies. Here, we demonstrate the potential of local climate zones (LCZs) for modeling malaria prevalence rate ( Pf PR 2-10 ) and studying malaria prevalence in urban se…

  • Investigating the spatial variation and risk factors of childhood anaemia in four sub-Saharan African countries

    Open AccessDanielle J Roberts, Glenda Matthews et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2020

    Anaemia control measures in Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda need to account for internal spatial heterogeneity evident in these countries. Efforts in assessing the local district-specific causes of childhood anaemia within each country should be focused on

  • Sub national variation and inequalities in under-five mortality in Kenya since 1965

    Open AccessPeter M Macharia, Emanuele Giorgi et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2019

    Kenya has made huge progress in child survival since independence. However, U5M remains high and heterogeneous with substantial differences between counties. Better use of the current resources through focused allocation is required to achieve further reductions, reduce inequalities and increase the likelihood of achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3·2 on U5M by 2030

  • Access to emergency hospital care provided by the public sector in sub-Saharan Africa in 2015

    Open AccessPaul Ouma, Paul O Ouma et al.ARTICLEThe Lancet Global Health2018

    Background Timely access to emergency care can substantially reduce mortality. International benchmarks for access to emergency hospital care have been established to guide ambitions for universal health care by 2030. However, no Pan-African database of where hospitals are located exists; therefore, we aimed to complete a geocoded inventory of hospital services in Africa in relation to how populations might access these services in 2015, with foc…

  • Coverage of routine reporting on malaria parasitological testing in Kenya, 2015–2016

    Open AccessJoseph K Maina, Peter M Macharia et al.ARTICLEGlobal Health Action2017

    BACKGROUND: Following the launch of District Health Information System 2 across facilities in Kenya, more health facilities are now capable of carrying out malaria parasitological testing and reporting data as part of routine health information systems, improving the potential value of routine data for accurate and timely tracking of rapidly changing disease epidemiology at fine spatial resolutions. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the current co…

  • Forecasting paediatric malaria admissions on the Kenya Coast using rainfall

    Open AccessStella Wanjugu Karuri, Stella Karuri et al.ARTICLEGlobal Health Action2016

    BACKGROUND: Malaria is a vector-borne disease which, despite recent scaled-up efforts to achieve control in Africa, continues to pose a major threat to child survival. The disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium and requires mosquitoes and humans for transmission. Rainfall is a major factor in seasonal and secular patterns of malaria transmission along the East African coast. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the study was to develop a model …

  • Ownership and use of mobile phones among health workers, caregivers of sick children and adult patients in Kenya

    Open AccessDejan Zurovac, Gabriel Otieno et al.ARTICLEGlobalization and Health2013

    BACKGROUND: The rapid growth in mobile phone penetration and use of Short Message Service (SMS) has been seen as a potential solution to improve medical and public health practice in Africa. Several studies have shown effectiveness of SMS interventions to improve health workers' practices, patients' adherence to medications and availability of health facility commodities. To inform policy makers about the feasibility of facility-based SMS interve…

  • Population Distribution, Settlement Patterns and Accessibility across Africa in 2010

    Open AccessCatherine Linard, Marius Gilbert et al.ARTICLEPLoS ONE2012

    The spatial distribution of populations and settlements across a country and their interconnectivity and accessibility from urban areas are important for delivering healthcare, distributing resources and economic development. However, existing spatially explicit population data across Africa are generally based on outdated, low resolution input demographic data, and provide insufficient detail to quantify rural settlement patterns and, thus, accu…

  • Quantifying the Impact of Human Mobility on Malaria

    Open AccessAmy Wesolowski, Nathan Eagle et al.ARTICLEScience2012

    Mobile Phone “Hot Spots” An obstacle to developing effective national malaria control programs is a lack of understanding of human movements, which are an important component of disease transmission. As mobile phones have become increasingly ubiquitous, it is now possible to collect individual-level, longitudinal data on human movements on a massive scale. Wesolowski et al. (p. 267 ) analyzed mobile phone call data records representing the travel…

  • Progress towards implementation of ACT malaria case-management in public health facilities in the Republic of Sudan

    Open AccessTarig M Abdelgader, Abdalla M Ibrahim et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2012

    Five years following change of the policy from chloroquine to ACTs and 3 years before the end of the new malaria strategic plan chloroquine was successfully phased out from public facilities in Sudan, however, an important gap remained in the availability of ACTs, diagnostic capacities and coverage with malaria case-management activities. The national scale-up of diagnostics, using the findings of this survey as well as future qualitative researc…

  • The use of insecticide treated nets by age

    Open AccessAbdisalan M Noor, Viola Kirui et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2009

    In malaria-endemic Africa, school-aged children are the least protected with ITNs but represent the greatest reservoir of infections. With increasing school enrollment rates, school-delivery of ITNs should be considered as an approach to reach universal ITNs coverage and improve the likelihood of impacting upon parasite transmission

  • Promoting the social value of research in Kenya

    Open AccessGeoffrey Mbaabu Lairumbi, Sassy Molyneux et al.ARTICLESocial Science & Medicine2008Citada por: 11Referencias: 23

  • Reconciling national treatment policies and drug regulation in Kenya

    Open AccessAbdinasir A Amin, Thomas Walley et al.ARTICLEHealth Policy and Planning2007

    Malaria is the second largest public health challenge (after HIV/AIDS) in Kenya, with an estimated 34 000 children dying from the direct effects of infection each year. It accounts for over a third of all consultations in government clinics (DOMC 2001). The typical Kenyan child will use antimalarial drugs at least four times in a year (Spencer et al.1987). Economic losses due to malaria are also large (Gallup and Sachs 2001). As matters of public…

  • The cost of uncomplicated childhood fevers to Kenyan households

    Open AccessBruce A Larson, Abdinasir A Amin et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2006

    The management of uncomplicated childhood fevers imposes substantial costs on Kenyan households. Achieving substantial improvements in the numbers of fevers treated within 48 hours at a HCF with an effective antimalarial drug (Scenario 1) will not impose additional costs on households. Achieving additional improvements in fevers treated promptly at a HCF (Scenario 2) will impose additional costs on some households roughly equal to average cash ex…

  • Intra-Household Relations and Treatment Decision-Making for Childhood Illness

    Open AccessSassy Molyneux, C S Molyneux et al.ARTICLEJournal of Biosocial Science2002

    This study, conducted on the Kenyan coast, assesses the effect of intra-household relations on maternal treatment-seeking. Rural and urban Mijikenda mothers’ responses to childhood fevers in the last 2 weeks ( n =317), and to childhood convulsions in the previous year ( n =43), were documented through survey work. The intra-household relations and decision-making dynamics surrounding maternal responses were explored through in-depth individual an…