Hummel
Biographic Data
| ID | 26052 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Hummel |
| FAMILY NAME | Hummel |
| SIGNATURE | HUMMEL |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Göttingen |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3647-8968 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 55 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 101 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 55 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1957 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Evaluation of Morphological and Osteometric Sex Estimation on Historical Skeletal Material of Subadult Individuals From Germany
X-chromosomal STRs in aDNA kinship analysis
The analysis of ancient DNA (aDNA) from human skeletal remains can provide useful insights when investigating archaeological finds. One popular application of aDNA is to examine genealogical relationships between individuals recovered at the same archaeological site. For the reconstruction of genealogical relationships, several genetic markers are commonly used: autosomal STRs, mitochondrial lineages (based on SNP-analysis) and Y-chromosomal hapl…
Sex Determination Using Archaeological, Anthropological, and Genetic Methods – A Comparative Study on a Merovingian Population From Gotha – Boilstädt
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic, and Omotic Linguistics XXIII
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic, and Omotic Linguistics XXIII: 2019
Raptus Sabinae?” complemented
A fragmented human cranial calotte was discovered in a Bandkeramik (LBK) settlement context at Rovantsi in Volhynia (UA). The female calvarium of a mature woman with an age of about 45-50 years was uncovered in the deepest part of a settlement pit. It can be dated to round about 5,250 BC. PCR-based molecular genetic analyses were successfully performed on these extremely rare skeletal remains from the Early Neolithic of Ukraine. The female family…
Genome‐wide SNP typing of ancient DNA
OBJECTIVE: A genome-wide high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing method was tested with respect of the applicability to ancient and degraded DNA. The results were compared to mini-sequencing data achieved through single base extension (SBE) typing. The SNPs chosen for the study allow to determine the hair colors and eye colors of humans. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The DNA samples were extracted from the skeletal remains of 59 human…
Das hagiografische Werk zu Śarṣ́a Ṗeṭros. Werkgenese und Teiledition
Dissertation Abstract
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic Linguistics XXII
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic Linguistics XXII: 2018
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic Linguistics XXI
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic Linguistics XXI: 2017
DNA profiling of Hungarian King Béla III and other skeletal remains originating from the Royal Basilica of Székesfehérvár
A few decades after the collapse of the Avar Khaganate (c. 822 AD), Hungarian invaders conquered the Carpathian Basin (c. 862-895 AD). The first Hungarian ruling dynasty, the Árpáds played an important role in European history during the Middle Ages. King Béla III (1172-1196) was one of the most significant rulers of the dynasty. He also consolidated Hungarian dominance over the Northern Balkans. The provostry church of the Virgin Mary (commonly …
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic Linguistics XX
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic Linguistics XX: 2016
Three Collections of Gǝʿǝz Manuscripts Recently Surveyed in Italy
The report aims to introduce three little known collections of Gǝʿǝz manuscripts hosted in the following Italian institutions: Castello d’Albertis, fondo Sapeto (Genoa), Biblioteca Giovardiana, fondo Quattrociocchi, and Monumento Nazionale Abbazia di Casamari (both in Veroli, Frosinone). The forty-two manuscripts (codices and scrolls) preserved in the three collections were surveyed, digitized and analysed through non-invasive techniques in the c…
Investigations of the relation between birth trauma and pelvic size in females from a medieval gravesite from Lübeck
This study proposes that female pelvises showing no birth traumata may have had ideal child-bearing bone constitutions, differing significantly in size and shape from those with severe traumata, resulting in advantages during parturition. Based on this assumption, the female pelvises of a late medieval mass grave from Lübeck have been examined in terms of pelvic osteometric standards in obstetrics, morphological aspects, the degree of birth traum…
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic Linguistics XIX
Bibliography of Ethiopian Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic Linguistics XIX: 2014/2015
Getatchew Haile, Voices from Däbrä Zämäddo
Review
Ancient DNA
Ancient DNA
Kinship and mobility in 11th-century A.D. Gammertingen, Germany
A new miniSTR heptaplex system for genetic fingerprinting of ancient DNA from archaeological human bone
Molecular characterization of ABO blood group frequencies in pre‐Columbian Peruvian highlanders
The majority of Native Americans nearly exclusively belong to group O of the ABO blood group system. Several hypotheses have been formulated to explain this observation, primarily differing by the presumption that the observed patterns of ABO diversity are due to the processes of the initial peopling of the Americas or due to subsequent events, especially the demographic consequences in the wake of European contact. A promising strategy to reveal…
Multiplex analysis of genetic markers related to Body Mass Index (BMI) and Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
The multiplex analysis system described here allows simultaneous typing of one short tandem repeat (STR) and three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with obesity and/or osteoporosis. Genes that are related to a high body mass index (BMI) and/or a high bone mineral density (BMD) are presumed to give an advantage in surviving famines. This analysis system makes it possible to genotype the (TTTA)n polymorphism of CYP19 and t…
Analyses to help identify individuals from a historical mass grave in Kassel, Germany
In 2008, the skeletal remains of more than 60 human individuals were found in a mass grave on the grounds of the University of Kassel, Germany. There was no evidence helping to identify them or throwing light on the cause of their death. Mainly due to 14C age determination and initial hints on age and sex distribution, historians hypothesized that they had been soldiers of Napoleon's army who died in an epidemic in the winter of 1813/14. To test …
Brief communication
In 2008, a mass grave was found on the grounds of the University of Kassel, Germany. Historians hypothesized that the individuals died in a typhoid fever epidemic in winter 1813/14. To test this hypothesis, the bones were investigated on the presence of specific DNA of pathogens linked to the historical diagnosis oftyphoid fever. It was possible to prove the specific DNA of Bartonella quintana in three individuals, suggesting that their cause of …
Pre‐Columbian population dynamics in coastal southern Peru
Alternative models have been proposed to explain the formation and decline of the south Peruvian Nasca culture, ranging from migration or invasion to autochthonous development and ecological crisis. To reveal to what extent population dynamic processes accounted for cultural development in the Nasca mainland, or were influenced by them, we analyzed ancient mitochondrial DNA of 218 individuals, originating from chronologically successive archaeolo…
Ancient DNA
Complex DNA in Ancient Human Bones
Trace element studies on experimentally cremated bone. I. Alteration of the chemical composition at high temperatures
Pre‐Columbian population dynamics in coastal southern Peru
Alternative models have been proposed to explain the formation and decline of the south Peruvian Nasca culture, ranging from migration or invasion to autochthonous development and ecological crisis. To reveal to what extent population dynamic processes accounted for cultural development in the Nasca mainland, or were influenced by them, we analyzed ancient mitochondrial DNA of 218 individuals, originating from chronologically successive archaeolo…
DNA profiling of Hungarian King Béla III and other skeletal remains originating from the Royal Basilica of Székesfehérvár
A few decades after the collapse of the Avar Khaganate (c. 822 AD), Hungarian invaders conquered the Carpathian Basin (c. 862-895 AD). The first Hungarian ruling dynasty, the Árpáds played an important role in European history during the Middle Ages. King Béla III (1172-1196) was one of the most significant rulers of the dynasty. He also consolidated Hungarian dominance over the Northern Balkans. The provostry church of the Virgin Mary (commonly …
Ancient DNA-typing approaches for the determination of kinship in a disturbed collective burial site
Several DNA-typing approaches are applied for identification and kinship analysis. Autosomal Short Tandem Repeat (STR) typing produces the genetic fingerprint that is unique to an individual. Y-chromosomal STR typing identifies individuals of the same paternal lineage, and sequence analysis of the hypervariable region of the mitochondrion can identify maternally related individuals. The combined approach of these DNA-typing methods allows the det…
Climbing into the past—first Himalayan mummies discovered in Nepal
A new miniSTR heptaplex system for genetic fingerprinting of ancient DNA from archaeological human bone
Kinship and mobility in 11th-century A.D. Gammertingen, Germany
Megaplex DNA typing can provide a strong indication of the authenticity of ancient DNA amplifications by clearly recognizing any possible type of modern contamination
Recent experiments revealed the perfect applicability of megaplex typing by autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) to degraded DNA. The advantages of megaplex approaches lie in reduced amounts of sample material that are necessary and in remarkable time saving. Furthermore, megaplex typing clearly recognizes possible contaminations and thus has a large potential for indicating authenticity in ancient DNA analysis. This is demonstrated by three exa…
Ancient DNA Analysis of the Delta F508 Mutation
When working with highly degraded DNA, validating the results of a slightly polymorphic system always complicates the analysis because of the difficulties in recognizing contamination and artifacts. Recognition can be greatly simplified by employing a multiplex reaction that coamplifies the fragments together with several highly polymorphic markers, for instance, short tandem repeats. In this work, we successfully included newly designed oligonuc…
Molecular sex identification of stillborn and neonate individuals ("Traufkinder") from the burial site Aegerten
The study reconstructs the sex ratio of 121 stillborn and neonate individuals from the early modern burial site Aegerten, Switzerland. The immature individuals, who were not baptised before death, were buried along the walls of the church. To perform a molecular sex identification, bone samples from the infants were collected from different skeletal elements. Ancient DNA (aDNA) was isolated by a combination of automated phenol/chloroform extracti…
Determination of biological kinship through aDNA analysis
Molecular sex determination and aDNA typings were carried out on a group of five prehistoric individuals. Due to the burial situation and the individual ages the group was assumed to be a family consisting of the parents and three children. DNA was extracted from teeth and bone samples of all skeletons. The aDNA typings based on the PCR amplification of four different microsatellite DNA loci, so-called human short tandem repeats (STR). Results of…
Investigations of the relation between birth trauma and pelvic size in females from a medieval gravesite from Lübeck
This study proposes that female pelvises showing no birth traumata may have had ideal child-bearing bone constitutions, differing significantly in size and shape from those with severe traumata, resulting in advantages during parturition. Based on this assumption, the female pelvises of a late medieval mass grave from Lübeck have been examined in terms of pelvic osteometric standards in obstetrics, morphological aspects, the degree of birth traum…
Molecular characterization of ABO blood group frequencies in pre‐Columbian Peruvian highlanders
The majority of Native Americans nearly exclusively belong to group O of the ABO blood group system. Several hypotheses have been formulated to explain this observation, primarily differing by the presumption that the observed patterns of ABO diversity are due to the processes of the initial peopling of the Americas or due to subsequent events, especially the demographic consequences in the wake of European contact. A promising strategy to reveal…
Brief communication
In 2008, a mass grave was found on the grounds of the University of Kassel, Germany. Historians hypothesized that the individuals died in a typhoid fever epidemic in winter 1813/14. To test this hypothesis, the bones were investigated on the presence of specific DNA of pathogens linked to the historical diagnosis oftyphoid fever. It was possible to prove the specific DNA of Bartonella quintana in three individuals, suggesting that their cause of …
Frequency analysis of the ∆32ccr5 HIV resistance allele in a medieval Plague mass grave
Brief communication
This study introduces a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based multiplex approach to improve the certainty of molecular sex identification on archaeological skeletal material. We coamplified amelogenin, two X‐chromosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) (DXS6789 and DXS9898), and two Y‐specific STRs (DYS391 and DYS392). The amplification results of this multiplex approach back each other up, and enable a reliable sex identification. This coamplificatio…
Palaeogenetic analysis of (pre)historic artifacts and its significance for anthropology
The possibility of isolating ancient DNA (aDNA) from all kinds of (pre)historic anthropogenetic artifacts opens new perspectives. This study applies palaeogenetic techniques to three anthropological issues: 1. Palaeodiet. DNA sequences from organic residues in vessels identify Precolumbian Aztec diet. 2. (Pre)historic husbandry and economic structures. aDNA data can reveal the species and the genetic evolutionary stage of animals and plants and s…
STR Allelic Frequencies in a German Skeleton Collection
Chromosomal DNA was isolated from bones from a German skeleton collection (Goslar, 18th century) and detected by PCR. Nine microsatellite regions were amplified by multiplex reactions using the AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus kit and analysed to obtain their allelic distribution. A statistical evaluation of the results revealed no allelic differentiation between the historic sample and a modern German one at each locus.
Evaluation of morphological sex determinations by molecular analyses
The study presents an evaluation of morphological sex determinations of adult skeletal individuals based on traits of the ossa coxae and the cranium. The evaluation criterion was genetic analysis of the amelogenine gene, which represents parts of the X- and the Y-chromosome (Mannucci et al. 1994). The study was carried out on 33 human skeletons from an early modern burial site in Lower Saxony. In this skeletal series, 88% of the morphological sex…
Palaeoepidemiology of infectious diseases using aDNA analyses
Herrmann Bernd, Hummel Susanne. Palaeoepidemiology of infectious diseases using aDNA analyses: pros and cons. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 10 fascicule 1-2, 1998. pp. 195-200
Molecular sex determination by skeletal remains of stillborn and neonate individuals of the burial place Aegerten, Switzerland
The morphological and morphometrical analyses of skeletal remains usually give reliable access to the gender of mature individuals while the analyses of skeletal remains of immature individuals allocate only 70-90% of the individuals. However, the use of modern techniques like the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) enables a sex identification also if fragmentary material or skeletal remains of children are investigated. The present study reconstruc…
Reproducibility of aDNA typing
The reproducibility of short tandem repeat (STR) amplification of aDNA extracts is limited by means of formation of artifacts during PCR. One of these artifacts, the so called allelic-dropout (failure of the amplification of alleles), may result in false-homozygote typing of a sample, if genotyping is based on the analysis of a single amplification product. 30 tooth- and bone samples collected from 17 individuals of three burial sites were invest…
Strafen und Torturen der Tibeter
No abstract available
Behavior of burnt compact bone under high temperatures - Implications for the diagnosis of burnt corpses
Values of wall thicknesses for sex determination by cremations
The amount of information provided by cremations is primarily determined by the general state of preservation. Consequently the possibilities of sex determination by means of morphognostic methods are limited due to a mostly poor representation of fragments which can be of diagnostic value. Therefore an improval of methods has to focus on those skeletal elements that occur in every or almost every batch. These are in particular fragments of the d…
Trace element studies on experimentally cremated bone. I. Alteration of the chemical composition at high temperatures
aDNA - A new approach to old questions
aDNA-analyses are presented for ancient bones, teeth, soft tissues and dried body fluids. The implications and perspectives for Historical Anthropology are discussed. Methods are described on examples of molecular sex determination and kinship analysis. Finally, first amplifications of DNA-sequences from pathogenes of tuberculosis and plague from ancient skeletal material are reported.
Complex DNA in Ancient Human Bones
Molecular sex determination by skeletal remains of stillborn and neonate individuals of the burial place Aegerten, Switzerland
The morphological and morphometrical analyses of skeletal remains usually give reliable access to the gender of mature individuals while the analyses of skeletal remains of immature individuals allocate only 70-90% of the individuals. However, the use of modern techniques like the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) enables a sex identification also if fragmentary material or skeletal remains of children are investigated. The present study reconstruc…
Evidence for DNA single-copy loci from prehistoric teeth. DNA protection depending on burial site
DNA-extracts from prehistoric roots of teeth were analyzed by PCR to investigate microsatellite-systems. At the same time the x/y-chromosome specific system Amel A/B was investigated. The samples were collected from different burial conditions of similar age. Factors leading to limited DNA-degradation are given. For the first time reproducible Quadruplex-amplification on single-copy loci of prehistoric tissue was obtained in samples from the Lich…
Determination of biological kinship through aDNA analysis
Molecular sex determination and aDNA typings were carried out on a group of five prehistoric individuals. Due to the burial situation and the individual ages the group was assumed to be a family consisting of the parents and three children. DNA was extracted from teeth and bone samples of all skeletons. The aDNA typings based on the PCR amplification of four different microsatellite DNA loci, so-called human short tandem repeats (STR). Results of…
Assignment of isolated skeletal elements by aDNA typing
Analysis of ancient DNA of material found in the Lichtensteinhöhle, a burial site of the Younger Bronze Age has been used for the first time to assign isolated skeletal elements to corresponding individuals. The method involved DNA typing through amplification of five Short Tandem Repeat loci which are also used in forensic genetics for the determination of kinship and identification. From all of the examined bone samples DNA was successfully ext…
Reproducibility of aDNA typing
The reproducibility of short tandem repeat (STR) amplification of aDNA extracts is limited by means of formation of artifacts during PCR. One of these artifacts, the so called allelic-dropout (failure of the amplification of alleles), may result in false-homozygote typing of a sample, if genotyping is based on the analysis of a single amplification product. 30 tooth- and bone samples collected from 17 individuals of three burial sites were invest…
Palaeoepidemiology of infectious diseases using aDNA analyses
Herrmann Bernd, Hummel Susanne. Palaeoepidemiology of infectious diseases using aDNA analyses: pros and cons. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 10 fascicule 1-2, 1998. pp. 195-200
The selective advantage of cystic fibrosis heterozygotes tested by aDNA analysis
Recently a heterozygote advantage was suggested to explain the high incidence (1:25 carrier individuals in Europeans) of the cystic fibrosis gene. This selective advantage was speculated to be due to a high resistance to chloride-secreting diarrhea, including cholera. Up to now the major efforts to test directly this hypothesis have been limited to animal models. We propose to verify the hypothesis directly on a sample of human individuals who di…
Palaeogenetic analysis of (pre)historic artifacts and its significance for anthropology
The possibility of isolating ancient DNA (aDNA) from all kinds of (pre)historic anthropogenetic artifacts opens new perspectives. This study applies palaeogenetic techniques to three anthropological issues: 1. Palaeodiet. DNA sequences from organic residues in vessels identify Precolumbian Aztec diet. 2. (Pre)historic husbandry and economic structures. aDNA data can reveal the species and the genetic evolutionary stage of animals and plants and s…
STR Allelic Frequencies in a German Skeleton Collection
Chromosomal DNA was isolated from bones from a German skeleton collection (Goslar, 18th century) and detected by PCR. Nine microsatellite regions were amplified by multiplex reactions using the AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus kit and analysed to obtain their allelic distribution. A statistical evaluation of the results revealed no allelic differentiation between the historic sample and a modern German one at each locus.
Megaplex DNA typing can provide a strong indication of the authenticity of ancient DNA amplifications by clearly recognizing any possible type of modern contamination
Recent experiments revealed the perfect applicability of megaplex typing by autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) to degraded DNA. The advantages of megaplex approaches lie in reduced amounts of sample material that are necessary and in remarkable time saving. Furthermore, megaplex typing clearly recognizes possible contaminations and thus has a large potential for indicating authenticity in ancient DNA analysis. This is demonstrated by three exa…
Evaluation of morphological sex determinations by molecular analyses
The study presents an evaluation of morphological sex determinations of adult skeletal individuals based on traits of the ossa coxae and the cranium. The evaluation criterion was genetic analysis of the amelogenine gene, which represents parts of the X- and the Y-chromosome (Mannucci et al. 1994). The study was carried out on 33 human skeletons from an early modern burial site in Lower Saxony. In this skeletal series, 88% of the morphological sex…
Reconstruction of kinship by fecal DNA analysis of Orangutans
Genetic analysis is a useful tool for assigning biological relationships. Thus, it will improve genetic management of wild animal populations and breeding colonies. Kinship analysis will give new insights into the behavior, sociobiology and genetic management of orangutans. In this study, chromosomal DNA from orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus ssp.) was extracted from excrements. Feces samples were screened for up to nine microsatellite markers from relat…
STR-genotyping of archaeological human bone
The analysis of degraded DNA with the help of short tandem repeat loci (STRs) is an important source of information both in forensic casework and in the anthropological context. The reproducibility of STR-genotyping of highly degraded or "ancient" DNA can be reduced by the generation of artifacts during PCR amplification. The frequency and amount of these artifacts--allelic dropout and the generation of shadow bands--are related to the quality an…
Molecular sex identification of stillborn and neonate individuals ("Traufkinder") from the burial site Aegerten
The study reconstructs the sex ratio of 121 stillborn and neonate individuals from the early modern burial site Aegerten, Switzerland. The immature individuals, who were not baptised before death, were buried along the walls of the church. To perform a molecular sex identification, bone samples from the infants were collected from different skeletal elements. Ancient DNA (aDNA) was isolated by a combination of automated phenol/chloroform extracti…
Ancient DNA fragments longer than 300 bp
It is widely assumed that ancient DNA (aDNA) extracts contain no authentic templates longer than 300 bp. Here we present results which show that fragments of up to 800 bp in length can be reproducibly amplified from aDNA extracts. The amplification involves the short tandem repeat (STR) locus HUMVWA31A. Authentication of the amplified fragments is carried out by measures of expectancy.
Trace analysis of endogenous and exogenous biomolecules from archaeological skeleton materials
An analytical procedure was developed for the determination of pharmacologically active substances in archaeological skeleton materials. In comparative model studies, added ("spiked") test biomolecules of varying chemical behaviours were extracted from sample matrices and percentage of the analytes recovered were estimated using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For the sterols and ster…
Ancient DNA-typing approaches for the determination of kinship in a disturbed collective burial site
Several DNA-typing approaches are applied for identification and kinship analysis. Autosomal Short Tandem Repeat (STR) typing produces the genetic fingerprint that is unique to an individual. Y-chromosomal STR typing identifies individuals of the same paternal lineage, and sequence analysis of the hypervariable region of the mitochondrion can identify maternally related individuals. The combined approach of these DNA-typing methods allows the det…
Ancient DNA Can Identify Disease Elements
Ancient DNA (aDNA) analyses may provide more information about endemic infection rates of ancient populations than morphognostic inspection. This chapter focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of molecular approaches to diseases of the past, and presents arguments in favor of intensive promotion of such endeavors. There are no models for estimating the ratios of infected to uninfected people in past populations. While aDNA analyses may also …
Climbing into the past—first Himalayan mummies discovered in Nepal
Biology (37 works) · Forensic and Genetic Research (31 works) · Genetics (26 works) · Gene (25 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (24 works) · Ancient DNA (23 works) · History (18 works) · Evolutionary biology (17 works) · Population (16 works) · Medicine (15 works)