Elizabeth A Jacobs
Biographic Data
| ID | 78554 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Elizabeth A Jacobs |
| GIVEN NAMES | Elizabeth A |
| FAMILY NAME | Jacobs |
| SIGNATURE | JACOBS E A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Wisconsin–Madison |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5549-7718 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 39 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 239 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
A qualitative study of how structural vulnerability shaped Covid-19 testing behaviors in Portland, Maine
Background: People with structural vulnerabilities (including immigrants, people who use drugs, and those who are unhoused or uninsured) are more likely to experience COVID-19 testing disparities relative to other groups. We documented barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 testing and explored how structural vulnerabilities created and/or exacerbated COVID-19 testing barriers. Methods: Between 2021 and 2022, we conducted semi-structured interview…
Decisions about adopting novel Covid‐19 vaccines among White adults in a rural state, USA
PURPOSE: Many people, especially in rural areas of the United States, choose not to receive novel COVID-19 vaccinations despite public health recommendations. Understanding how people describe decisions to get vaccinated or not may help to address hesitancy. METHODS: We conducted semistructured interviews with 17 rural inhabitants of Maine, a sparsely populated state in the northeastern US, about COVID-19 vaccine decisions during the early rollou…
The Neighborhood Health Initiative
The NHI is working toward sustainable strategies to improve population health in an underserved area of Austin, Texas. Consistent and frequent contact contributed to developing relationships and trust; limiting partners and objectives focused activities on meeting initial goals of the NHI. Next steps include evaluation of the three aims of the NHI and process evaluation to guide future initiatives
Deconstructing PTSD
The symptomatology for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) narrowly focuses on particular diagnostic frames and a single triggering event. Such narrow definitions of trauma and recovery have been heavily critiqued by anthropologists and cultural psychiatrists for overlooking cultural complexity as well as the effects of multiple and overlapping events that may cause someone to become "traumatized" and thereby affect recovery. This article inves…
What Matters When It Comes to Trust in One's Physician
Purpose: Interpersonal trust is linked to therapeutic factors of patient care, including adherence to treatment, continuity with a provider, perceived effectiveness of care, and clinical outcomes. Differences in interpersonal trust across groups may contribute to health disparities. We explored whether differences in interpersonal trust varied across three racial/ethnic groups. Additionally, we explored how different health care factors were asso…
Understanding feeding practices of Latinx mothers of infants and toddlers at risk for childhood obesity
Infancy and toddlerhood are critical stages for the development of habits that can lead to future obesity, and caregivers have an important influence on these habits. We conducted this qualitative semistructured interview study to explore the feeding practices of Latinx mothers of young children who are at risk for childhood obesity in order to identify targets for obesity prevention. We interviewed Latinx mothers (N = 14) of a child ages 6-18 mo…
The Association Between Exposure to Maternal Depression During Year 2 of a Child’s Life and Future Child Problem Behavior
Food Insecurity and Housing Instability Partially Mediate the Association Between Maternal Depression and Child Problem Behavior
Navigating Challenges of Medical Interpreting Standards and Expectations of Patients and Health Care Professionals
Although medical interpreters are guided by a clear set of medical interpreting standards that are designed to ensure an accurate, clear line of communication between patient and provider, limited research has focused on interpreters’ actual experiences: how they integrate the medical interpreting standards into practice, challenges they might face, how they address those challenges, and with what consequences. To address these gaps, we explored …
Addressing Cultural Determinants of Health for Latino and Hmong Patients with Limited English Proficiency
Manifestations of HIV stigma and their impact on retention in care for people transitioning from prisons to communities
BACKGROUND: While most people living with HIV who are incarcerated in United States receive appropriate HIV care while they are in prison, interruptions in antiretroviral therapy and virologic failure are extremely common after they are released. The purpose of this study was to describe whether and how HIV stigma influences continuity of care for people living with HIV while they transition from prison to community settings. METHODS: We conducte…
More Than a “Number”
Using database linkages to monitor the continuum of care for hepatitis C virus among syringe exchange clients
Perceived discrimination and health-related quality-of-life
Disclosure of Depression in Primary Care
Perceptions of negative health-care experiences and self-reported health behavior change in three racial and ethnic groups
Race/ethnicity was not related to reporting a perceived negative health-care experience or reported patterns of behavior change in response to that experience. However, those who avoided care due to cost were more highly educated, or who indicated poorer health status reported having a negative experience more often. Our findings suggest that the perception of a previous negative experience may influence subsequent health-care-seeking behaviors
Establishing Medical Students' Cultural and Linguistic Competence for the Care of Spanish-Speaking Limited English Proficient Patients
Self-care and Subjectivity among Mexican Diabetes Patients in the United States
Type 2 diabetes is considered a public health crisis, particularly among people of Mexican descent in the United States. Clinical approaches to diabetes management increasingly emphasize self-care, which places responsibility for illness on individuals and mandates self-regulation. Using narrative and free-list data from a two-phase study of low-income first- and second-generation Mexican immigrants living with diabetes, we present evidence that …
Relationship Between Self-assessed and Tested Non–English-language Proficiency Among Primary Care Providers
BACKGROUND: Individuals with limited English proficiency experience poor patient-clinician communication. Most studies of language concordance have not measured clinician non-English-language proficiency. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of the self-assessment of non-English-language proficiency by clinicians compared with an oral proficiency interview. SUBJECTS: Primary care providers (PCPs) in California and Massachusetts. MEASURES: PCPs fi…
Food Insecurity and Glycemic Control Among Low-Income Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether food insecurity--the inability to reliably afford safe and nutritious food--is associated with poor glycemic control and whether this association is mediated by difficulty following a healthy diet, diabetes self-efficacy, or emotional distress related to diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We used multivariable regression models to examine the association between food insecurity and poor glycemic control using a…
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Responses to the Everyday Discrimination Scale
The authors examined the impact of race/ethnicity on responses to the Everyday Discrimination Scale, one of the most widely used discrimination scales in epidemiologic and public health research. Participants were 3,295 middle-aged US women (African-American, Caucasian, Chinese, Hispanic, and Japanese) from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) baseline examination (1996-1997). Multiple-indicator, multiple-cause models were used to…
Susto, Coraje, and Abuse
Age and Glycemic Control Among Low-Income Latinos
Undocumented Immigration Status and Diabetes Care Among Mexican Immigrants In Two Immigration “Sanctuary” Areas
Risk Factors for Reporting Poor Cultural Competency Among Patients With Diabetes in Safety Net Clinics
BACKGROUND: The Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Cultural Competency Item Set assesses patient perceptions of aspects of the cultural competence of their health care. OBJECTIVE: To determine characteristics of patients who identify the care they receive as less culturally competent. RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey consisting of face-to-face interviews. SUBJECTS: Safety-net population of patients with type 2 diabetes…
Chronic Exposure to Everyday Discrimination and Coronary Artery Calcification in African-American Women
Chronic exposure to discrimination may be an important risk factor for early coronary calcification in African-American women. This association appears to be driven by exposure to discrimination from multiple sources, rather than exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination alone
Speaking through Diabetes
The disproportionate prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus among the poor suggests that, in addition to lifestyle factors, social suffering may be embodied in diabetes. In this article, we examine the role of social distress in narratives collected from 26 Mexican Americans seeking diabetes care at a public hospital in Chicago. By linking social suffering with diabetes causality, we argue that our participants use diabetes much like an "idiom o…
Overcoming Language Barriers in Health Care
Objectives. We assessed the impact of interpreter services on the cost and the utilization of health care services among patients with limited English proficiency. Methods. We measured the change in delivery and cost of care provided to patients enrolled in a health maintenance organization before and after interpreter services were implemented. Results. Compared with English-speaking patients, patients who used the interpreter services received …
Self-care and Subjectivity among Mexican Diabetes Patients in the United States
Type 2 diabetes is considered a public health crisis, particularly among people of Mexican descent in the United States. Clinical approaches to diabetes management increasingly emphasize self-care, which places responsibility for illness on individuals and mandates self-regulation. Using narrative and free-list data from a two-phase study of low-income first- and second-generation Mexican immigrants living with diabetes, we present evidence that …
Limited English Proficiency and Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening in a Multiethnic Population
Objectives. We examined the relationship between ability to speak English and receipt of Papanicolaou tests, clinical breast examinations, and mammography in a multiethnic group of women in the United States. Methods. We used longitudinal data from the Study of Women Across the Nation to examine receipt of breast and cervical cancer screening among Chinese, Japanese, Hispanic, and White women who reported reading and speaking (1) only a language …
Association Between Neighborhood Context and Smoking Prevalence Among Asian Americans
Objectives. To study neighborhood-level determinants of smoking among Asian Americans, we examined 3 neighborhood factors (ethnic enclave, socioeconomics, and perceived social cohesion) and smoking prevalence in a population-based sample. Methods. We linked data from the 2003 California Health Interview Survey to tract-level data from the 2000 Census. We used multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the associations between smoking and…
Perceived discrimination and health-related quality-of-life
Perceptions of negative health-care experiences and self-reported health behavior change in three racial and ethnic groups
Race/ethnicity was not related to reporting a perceived negative health-care experience or reported patterns of behavior change in response to that experience. However, those who avoided care due to cost were more highly educated, or who indicated poorer health status reported having a negative experience more often. Our findings suggest that the perception of a previous negative experience may influence subsequent health-care-seeking behaviors
The Neighborhood Health Initiative
The NHI is working toward sustainable strategies to improve population health in an underserved area of Austin, Texas. Consistent and frequent contact contributed to developing relationships and trust; limiting partners and objectives focused activities on meeting initial goals of the NHI. Next steps include evaluation of the three aims of the NHI and process evaluation to guide future initiatives
Deconstructing PTSD
The symptomatology for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) narrowly focuses on particular diagnostic frames and a single triggering event. Such narrow definitions of trauma and recovery have been heavily critiqued by anthropologists and cultural psychiatrists for overlooking cultural complexity as well as the effects of multiple and overlapping events that may cause someone to become "traumatized" and thereby affect recovery. This article inves…
Addressing Cultural Determinants of Health for Latino and Hmong Patients with Limited English Proficiency
Overcoming Language Barriers in Health Care
Objectives. We assessed the impact of interpreter services on the cost and the utilization of health care services among patients with limited English proficiency. Methods. We measured the change in delivery and cost of care provided to patients enrolled in a health maintenance organization before and after interpreter services were implemented. Results. Compared with English-speaking patients, patients who used the interpreter services received …
Hispanic Healthcare Disparities
BACKGROUND: Hispanic Americans are often treated as a monolithic ethnic group with a single pattern of healthcare utilization. However, there could be considerable differences within this population. We examine the association between use of healthcare services and Hispanic Americans'country of ancestry or origin, language of interview, and length of time lived in the United States. METHODS: Our data come from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey…
Limited English Proficiency and Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening in a Multiethnic Population
Objectives. We examined the relationship between ability to speak English and receipt of Papanicolaou tests, clinical breast examinations, and mammography in a multiethnic group of women in the United States. Methods. We used longitudinal data from the Study of Women Across the Nation to examine receipt of breast and cervical cancer screening among Chinese, Japanese, Hispanic, and White women who reported reading and speaking (1) only a language …
Immigrant Perceptions of Discrimination in Health Care
BACKGROUND: U.S. healthcare disparities may be in part the result of differential experiences of discrimination in health care. Previous research about discrimination has focused on race/ethnicity. Because immigrants are clustered in certain racial and ethnic groups, failure to consider immigration status could distort race/ethnicity effects. OBJECTIVES: We examined whether foreign-born persons are more likely to report discrimination in healthca…
Chronic Exposure to Everyday Discrimination and Coronary Artery Calcification in African-American Women
Chronic exposure to discrimination may be an important risk factor for early coronary calcification in African-American women. This association appears to be driven by exposure to discrimination from multiple sources, rather than exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination alone
Do Professional Interpreters Improve Clinical Care for Patients with Limited English Proficiency? A Systematic Review of the Literature
Objective. To determine if professional medical interpreters have a positive impact on clinical care for limited English proficiency (LEP) patients. Data Sources. A systematic literature search, limited to the English language, in PubMed and PsycINFO for publications between 1966 and September 2005, and a search of the Cochrane Library. Study Design. Any peer‐reviewed article which compared at least two language groups, and contained data about p…
Segregation, Civil Rights, and Health Disparities
Association Between Neighborhood Context and Smoking Prevalence Among Asian Americans
Objectives. To study neighborhood-level determinants of smoking among Asian Americans, we examined 3 neighborhood factors (ethnic enclave, socioeconomics, and perceived social cohesion) and smoking prevalence in a population-based sample. Methods. We linked data from the 2003 California Health Interview Survey to tract-level data from the 2000 Census. We used multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the associations between smoking and…
Do Hospitals Measure up to the National Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services Standards
BACKGROUND: Federal regulations require that health care organizations provide language services to patients with limited English proficiency. The National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care (CLAS standards) provide guidance on how to fulfill these regulations. It is not known how US hospitals have incorporated them into practice. OBJECTIVES: To assess how US hospitals are meeting federal regulations r…
Speaking through Diabetes
The disproportionate prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus among the poor suggests that, in addition to lifestyle factors, social suffering may be embodied in diabetes. In this article, we examine the role of social distress in narratives collected from 26 Mexican Americans seeking diabetes care at a public hospital in Chicago. By linking social suffering with diabetes causality, we argue that our participants use diabetes much like an "idiom o…
Interpersonal Abuse and Depression Among Mexican Immigrant Women with Type 2 Diabetes
Food Insecurity and Glycemic Control Among Low-Income Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether food insecurity--the inability to reliably afford safe and nutritious food--is associated with poor glycemic control and whether this association is mediated by difficulty following a healthy diet, diabetes self-efficacy, or emotional distress related to diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We used multivariable regression models to examine the association between food insecurity and poor glycemic control using a…
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Responses to the Everyday Discrimination Scale
The authors examined the impact of race/ethnicity on responses to the Everyday Discrimination Scale, one of the most widely used discrimination scales in epidemiologic and public health research. Participants were 3,295 middle-aged US women (African-American, Caucasian, Chinese, Hispanic, and Japanese) from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) baseline examination (1996-1997). Multiple-indicator, multiple-cause models were used to…
Susto, Coraje, and Abuse
Age and Glycemic Control Among Low-Income Latinos
Undocumented Immigration Status and Diabetes Care Among Mexican Immigrants In Two Immigration “Sanctuary” Areas
Risk Factors for Reporting Poor Cultural Competency Among Patients With Diabetes in Safety Net Clinics
BACKGROUND: The Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Cultural Competency Item Set assesses patient perceptions of aspects of the cultural competence of their health care. OBJECTIVE: To determine characteristics of patients who identify the care they receive as less culturally competent. RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey consisting of face-to-face interviews. SUBJECTS: Safety-net population of patients with type 2 diabetes…
Associations Between Aspects of Culturally Competent Care and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Diabetes
BACKGROUND: Culturally competent care may be associated with clinical outcomes in diabetes management, which requires effective physician-patient collaboration. The recent development and validation of the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Cultural Competence tool enables investigation of possible associations. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether 3 aspects of culturally competent care are associated with glycemic, lipid, and blood …
Aspects of Culturally Competent Care are Associated With Less Emotional Burden Among Patients With Diabetes
BACKGROUND: Diabetes distress is associated with poor diabetes self-management and worse clinical outcomes. Whether there is an association between patient experience of health care and degree of emotional burden (EB) of diabetes distress is not known. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether aspects of culturally competent care are associated with the EB of diabetes distress. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey consisting of face-to-face interviews. SUBJECT…
Advances in Measuring Culturally Competent Care
BACKGROUND: Providing culturally competent care shows promise as a mechanism to reduce health care inequalities. Until the recent development of the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Cultural Competency Item Set (CAHPS-CC), no measures capturing patient-level experiences with culturally competent care have been suitable for broad-scale administration. METHODS: We performed confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistenc…
Relationship Between Self-assessed and Tested Non–English-language Proficiency Among Primary Care Providers
BACKGROUND: Individuals with limited English proficiency experience poor patient-clinician communication. Most studies of language concordance have not measured clinician non-English-language proficiency. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of the self-assessment of non-English-language proficiency by clinicians compared with an oral proficiency interview. SUBJECTS: Primary care providers (PCPs) in California and Massachusetts. MEASURES: PCPs fi…
Self-care and Subjectivity among Mexican Diabetes Patients in the United States
Type 2 diabetes is considered a public health crisis, particularly among people of Mexican descent in the United States. Clinical approaches to diabetes management increasingly emphasize self-care, which places responsibility for illness on individuals and mandates self-regulation. Using narrative and free-list data from a two-phase study of low-income first- and second-generation Mexican immigrants living with diabetes, we present evidence that …
Disclosure of Depression in Primary Care
Perceptions of negative health-care experiences and self-reported health behavior change in three racial and ethnic groups
Race/ethnicity was not related to reporting a perceived negative health-care experience or reported patterns of behavior change in response to that experience. However, those who avoided care due to cost were more highly educated, or who indicated poorer health status reported having a negative experience more often. Our findings suggest that the perception of a previous negative experience may influence subsequent health-care-seeking behaviors
Establishing Medical Students' Cultural and Linguistic Competence for the Care of Spanish-Speaking Limited English Proficient Patients
Medicine (36 works) · Psychology (29 works) · Nursing (17 works) · Family medicine (16 works) · Health care (16 works) · Ethnic group (12 works) · Gerontology (12 works) · Political science (12 works) · Public health (12 works) · Cultural Competency in Health Care (11 works)