Guillermo Bernal
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 80007 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Guillermo Bernal |
| NOMBRES | Guillermo |
| APELLIDO | Bernal |
| FIRMA | BERNAL G |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Puerto Rico System |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8855-1314 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 32 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 218 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1974 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2020 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Dream engineering
We explore the application of a wide range of sensory stimulation technologies to the area of sleep and dream engineering. We begin by emphasizing the causal role of the body in dream generation, and describe a circuitry between the sleeping body and the dreaming mind. We suggest that nearly any sensory stimuli has potential for modulating experience in sleep. Considering other areas that might afford tools for engineering sensory content in simu…
HIV and Depression
Major depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder among people living with HIV (PWH). Major depression symptoms, including suicidal ideation, can hinder clinical care engagement and anti-retroviral treatment adherence. Research suggests that inquiry about major depression symptomatology and suicidal ideation should be standard practice when offering primary care services to PWH. However, studies examining depression and suicidal ideation inqui…
Building the Evidence Base to Inform Planned Intervention Adaptations by Practitioners Serving Health Disparity Populations
Many evidence-based interventions (EBIs) have been developed to prevent or treat major health conditions. However, many EBIs have exhibited limited adoption, reach, and sustainability when implemented in diverse community settings. This limitation is especially pronounced in low-resource settings that serve health disparity populations. Often, practitioners identify problems with existing EBIs originally developed and tested with populations diff…
Cultural adaptations and therapist multicultural competence
Mental health treatments can be more effective when they align with the culture of the client and when therapists demonstrate multicultural competence. We summarize relevant research findings in two meta‐analyses. In the meta‐analysis examining culturally adapted interventions, the average effect size across 99 studies was d = 0.50 (0.35 after accounting for publication bias). In the second meta‐analysis on 15 studies of therapist cultural compet…
Reasons for Nonadherence to Psychiatric Medication and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Treatment Among Latino Bipolar Disorder Patients Living in Puerto Rico
Asuntos conceptuales, metodológicos y éticos de la hipnosis como terapia psicológica adjunta al tratamiento del cáncer de mama
La hipnosis ha formado parte de intervenciones psicológicas para atender los efectos de múltiples condiciones oncológicas y sus tratamientos. En este trabajo revisamos los principales resultados de la investigación existente en donde se utiliza la hipnosis en pacientes con cáncer de mama. En la primera parte se discuten asuntos conceptuales y metodológicos, en la segunda parte los hallazgos, limitaciones y asuntos éticos de la hipnosis en el deba…
Depression in Ethnic Minorities
Cultural adaptations
This multiauthored work brings together the scholarly and the clinical in its analysis of two separate yet inextricably linked endeavors in psychology: the cultural adaptation of existing interventions and the movement toward evidence-based practice (EBP). The unifying theoretical framework of this volume promotes culturally adapted EBPs as productive and empirically viable approaches to treating ethnic minorities and culturally diverse groups. C…
Individual and group CBT and IPT for Puerto Rican adolescents with depressive symptoms
This study compared individual (I) to group (G) formats of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for the treatment of depression in adolescents. One hundred and 12 Puerto Rican adolescents were randomized to four conditions (CBT-I, CBT-G, IPT-I, IPT-G). Participants were assessed at pretreatment and posttreatment with structured interviews to establish diagnosis and with self-report measures to assess treatment …
Factor Structure of the Escala de Autoeficacia para la Depresión en Adolescentes (Eada)
The current concept and measures of self-efficacy for depression in adolescents do not consider developmental and cultural aspects essential to understand and assess this construct in Latino youth. We examined the factor structure of the Escala de Autoeficacia para la Depresión en Adolescentes (EADA), a Spanish instrument designed to assess this construct as experienced by this population. Participants were 116 Puerto Rican adolescents aged 13 to…
A Study of the Predictive Validity of the Children’s Depression Inventory for Major Depression Disorder in Puerto Rican Adolescents
This study aims to evaluate the predictive validity of the Children’s Depression Inventory items for major depression disorder (MDD) in an outpatient clinic sample of Puerto Rican adolescents. The sample consisted of 130 adolescents, 13 to 18 years old. The five most frequent symptoms of the Children’s Depression Inventory that best predict the presence of MDD were “I worry about others’ aches and pains,” “I don’t have any friends,” “I have to pu…
Barriers to Research and Capacity Building at Hispanic-Serving Institutions
Substantive barriers to research, such as cultural, language, and methodological variables, exist in Hispanic-serving institutions. Historical and contextual variables account for the differences between academic settings with research-intensive centers and those with limited infrastructure for competitive research. We provide a case example to serve as a model for developing and strengthening the research infrastructure in Hispanic-serving insti…
Cultural adaptation of treatments
There is a growing interest in whether and how to adapt psychotherapies to take into account the cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic context of diverse ethnocultural groups. At the root of the debate is the issue of whether evidence-based treatments (EBTs) developed within a particular linguistic and cultural context are appropriate for ethnocultural groups that do not share the same language, cultural values, or both. There is considerable e…
Individual and group CBT and IPT for Puerto Rican adolescents with depressive symptoms
This study compared individual (I) to group (G) formats of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for the treatment of depression in adolescents. One hundred and 12 Puerto Rican adolescents were randomized to four conditions (CBT-I, CBT-G, IPT-I, IPT-G). Participants were assessed at pretreatment and posttreatment with structured interviews to establish diagnosis and with self-report measures to assess treatment …
Suicide Behavior among Latino and Latina Adolescents
Suicide is the cause of 11.7% of all deaths among youth and young adults aged 10 to 24 years in the United States (J. A. Grunbaum et al., 2004). Suicide is third leading cause of death for young Latinos/as aged 10 to 24 years (National Institute of Mental Health, 2001). Latino/a youth are at a greater risk of suicide behavior than other ethnic groups (G. Canino & R. E. Roberts, 2001). Latinos/as have less access to mental health services than do …
Culturally centered psychosocial interventions
Over the last few decades, psychologists and other health professionals have called attention to the importance of considering cultural and ethnicminority aspects in any psychosocial interventions. Although, at present, there are published guidelines on the practice of culturally competent psychology, there is still a lack of practical information about how to carry out appropriate interventions with specific populations of different cultural and…
State of the Science on Psychosocial Interventions for Ethnic Minorities
According to a recent report of the Surgeon General (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1999), a range of treatments exist for most mental disorders, and the efficacy of those treatments is well documented. However, a supplement to that report (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2001) notes that minorities are largely missing from the efficacy studies that make up the evidence base for treatments. Because of this omission, que…
Including Ethnic Minorities in Mental Health Intervention Research
Are empirically supported treatments valid for ethnic minorities? Toward an alternative approach for treatment research
The psychological community has given considerable attention to the problem of establishing empirically supported treatments (ESTs). The authors argue that a scientific practice that discriminates against some approaches to knowledge undermines the EST's relevance for communities of color. They examine the EST project's contribution to knowledge of effective treatments for ethnic minorities by considering both how knowledge is constructed and the…
Dissociation, psychopathology, and abusive experiences in a nonclinical Latino university student group
Dissociation, psychopathology, and abusive experiences in a nonclinical Latino university student group
A variety of clinical and experimental data suggest that many individuals who report abusive and traumatic experiences also report a wide array of dissociative and other psychopathological symptoms. In this study, 198 Puerto Rican undergraduate students participated in a study to examine the possible relationship between different types of traumatic experiences and the self-report of dissociative experiences, depressive symptoms, and general psyc…
Misunderstandings of multiculturalism
Misunderstanding of multiculturalism
Ecological validity and cultural sensitivity for outcome research
This article has two objectives. The first is to provide a culturally sensitive perspective to treatment outcome research as a resource to augment the ecological validity of treatment research. The relationships between external validity, ecological validity, and culturally sensitive research are reviewed. The second objective is to present a preliminary framework for culturally sensitive interventions that strengthen ecological validity for trea…
Prevention of depression with primary care patients
The prevention of major depression is an important research goal which deserves increased attention. Depressive symptoms and disorders are particularly common in primary care patients and have a negative impact on functioning and well‐being comparable with other major chronic medical conditions. The San Francisco Depression Prevention Research project conducted a randomized, controlled, prevention trial to demonstrate the feasibility of implement…
Cultural adaptation of treatments
There is a growing interest in whether and how to adapt psychotherapies to take into account the cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic context of diverse ethnocultural groups. At the root of the debate is the issue of whether evidence-based treatments (EBTs) developed within a particular linguistic and cultural context are appropriate for ethnocultural groups that do not share the same language, cultural values, or both. There is considerable e…
Culturally centered psychosocial interventions
Over the last few decades, psychologists and other health professionals have called attention to the importance of considering cultural and ethnicminority aspects in any psychosocial interventions. Although, at present, there are published guidelines on the practice of culturally competent psychology, there is still a lack of practical information about how to carry out appropriate interventions with specific populations of different cultural and…
Are empirically supported treatments valid for ethnic minorities? Toward an alternative approach for treatment research
The psychological community has given considerable attention to the problem of establishing empirically supported treatments (ESTs). The authors argue that a scientific practice that discriminates against some approaches to knowledge undermines the EST's relevance for communities of color. They examine the EST project's contribution to knowledge of effective treatments for ethnic minorities by considering both how knowledge is constructed and the…
Quality of Life and Psychological Well-Being in a Bicultural Latino Community
A telephone survey was made of 270 randomly selected adults of Hispanic origin to determine the characteristics of welladjusted "Latinos" residing within San Francisco's Mission District, a bicultural/bilingual urban milieu. Five areas were investigated: (a) sample demographics, (b) acculturation, (c) quality of life components, (d) psychological well-being, and (e) depression levels. Latinos of 18 national origins were represented. The best-adju…
Suicide Behavior among Latino and Latina Adolescents
Suicide is the cause of 11.7% of all deaths among youth and young adults aged 10 to 24 years in the United States (J. A. Grunbaum et al., 2004). Suicide is third leading cause of death for young Latinos/as aged 10 to 24 years (National Institute of Mental Health, 2001). Latino/a youth are at a greater risk of suicide behavior than other ethnic groups (G. Canino & R. E. Roberts, 2001). Latinos/as have less access to mental health services than do …
Prevention of depression with primary care patients
The prevention of major depression is an important research goal which deserves increased attention. Depressive symptoms and disorders are particularly common in primary care patients and have a negative impact on functioning and well‐being comparable with other major chronic medical conditions. The San Francisco Depression Prevention Research project conducted a randomized, controlled, prevention trial to demonstrate the feasibility of implement…
Individual and group CBT and IPT for Puerto Rican adolescents with depressive symptoms
This study compared individual (I) to group (G) formats of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for the treatment of depression in adolescents. One hundred and 12 Puerto Rican adolescents were randomized to four conditions (CBT-I, CBT-G, IPT-I, IPT-G). Participants were assessed at pretreatment and posttreatment with structured interviews to establish diagnosis and with self-report measures to assess treatment …
Building the Evidence Base to Inform Planned Intervention Adaptations by Practitioners Serving Health Disparity Populations
Many evidence-based interventions (EBIs) have been developed to prevent or treat major health conditions. However, many EBIs have exhibited limited adoption, reach, and sustainability when implemented in diverse community settings. This limitation is especially pronounced in low-resource settings that serve health disparity populations. Often, practitioners identify problems with existing EBIs originally developed and tested with populations diff…
Barriers to Research and Capacity Building at Hispanic-Serving Institutions
Substantive barriers to research, such as cultural, language, and methodological variables, exist in Hispanic-serving institutions. Historical and contextual variables account for the differences between academic settings with research-intensive centers and those with limited infrastructure for competitive research. We provide a case example to serve as a model for developing and strengthening the research infrastructure in Hispanic-serving insti…
Dissociation, psychopathology, and abusive experiences in a nonclinical Latino university student group
A variety of clinical and experimental data suggest that many individuals who report abusive and traumatic experiences also report a wide array of dissociative and other psychopathological symptoms. In this study, 198 Puerto Rican undergraduate students participated in a study to examine the possible relationship between different types of traumatic experiences and the self-report of dissociative experiences, depressive symptoms, and general psyc…
Misunderstanding of multiculturalism
Individual and group CBT and IPT for Puerto Rican adolescents with depressive symptoms
This study compared individual (I) to group (G) formats of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for the treatment of depression in adolescents. One hundred and 12 Puerto Rican adolescents were randomized to four conditions (CBT-I, CBT-G, IPT-I, IPT-G). Participants were assessed at pretreatment and posttreatment with structured interviews to establish diagnosis and with self-report measures to assess treatment …
Misunderstandings of multiculturalism
Engagement and recruitment for family therapy research in community settings
Vicarious eyelid conditioning
This study attempted to demonstrate that elicited electromyographic (EMG) reactions in observers may become conditioned to environmental events during the observation of a modeling sequence. Observers were shown a videotape of a model in a simulated direct eyelid discriminative conditioning situation involving adaptation, acquisition, and extinction trials. Various EMG measures were obtained in order to determine the occurrence of vicarious insti…
The effects of institutionalization on intelligence
Vicarious eyelid conditioning
This study attempted to demonstrate that elicited electromyographic (EMG) reactions in observers may become conditioned to environmental events during the observation of a modeling sequence. Observers were shown a videotape of a model in a simulated direct eyelid discriminative conditioning situation involving adaptation, acquisition, and extinction trials. Various EMG measures were obtained in order to determine the occurrence of vicarious insti…
Quality of Life and Psychological Well-Being in a Bicultural Latino Community
A telephone survey was made of 270 randomly selected adults of Hispanic origin to determine the characteristics of welladjusted "Latinos" residing within San Francisco's Mission District, a bicultural/bilingual urban milieu. Five areas were investigated: (a) sample demographics, (b) acculturation, (c) quality of life components, (d) psychological well-being, and (e) depression levels. Latinos of 18 national origins were represented. The best-adju…
Community psychology in cuba
A history of psychology in Cuba
The history of psychology in Cuba and some of the sociohistorical and political forces impacting on the development of psychology are discussed. Three periods are identified: the colonial (1492-1898), the prerevolutionary (1898-1958), and the revolutionary (1959-present). Each period represents a major shift in the socioeconomic and political context shaping the development of psychology. Key figures are described in their historical context. Emp…
Engagement and recruitment for family therapy research in community settings
Latinos and latinas in community psychology
Latinos and Latinas are one of the largest minority groups in the United States yet they remain a silent group. The article begins by considering the social, historical, and economic backgrounds of Latino and Latina groups in the U.S. as a context for understanding diversity and as a resource for explaining the participation of this minority group in community psychology. This article then examines the extent to which Latinos and Latinas are pres…
Ecological validity and cultural sensitivity for outcome research
This article has two objectives. The first is to provide a culturally sensitive perspective to treatment outcome research as a resource to augment the ecological validity of treatment research. The relationships between external validity, ecological validity, and culturally sensitive research are reviewed. The second objective is to present a preliminary framework for culturally sensitive interventions that strengthen ecological validity for trea…
Prevention of depression with primary care patients
The prevention of major depression is an important research goal which deserves increased attention. Depressive symptoms and disorders are particularly common in primary care patients and have a negative impact on functioning and well‐being comparable with other major chronic medical conditions. The San Francisco Depression Prevention Research project conducted a randomized, controlled, prevention trial to demonstrate the feasibility of implement…
Misunderstandings of multiculturalism
Misunderstanding of multiculturalism
Dissociation, psychopathology, and abusive experiences in a nonclinical Latino university student group
Dissociation, psychopathology, and abusive experiences in a nonclinical Latino university student group
A variety of clinical and experimental data suggest that many individuals who report abusive and traumatic experiences also report a wide array of dissociative and other psychopathological symptoms. In this study, 198 Puerto Rican undergraduate students participated in a study to examine the possible relationship between different types of traumatic experiences and the self-report of dissociative experiences, depressive symptoms, and general psyc…
Are empirically supported treatments valid for ethnic minorities? Toward an alternative approach for treatment research
The psychological community has given considerable attention to the problem of establishing empirically supported treatments (ESTs). The authors argue that a scientific practice that discriminates against some approaches to knowledge undermines the EST's relevance for communities of color. They examine the EST project's contribution to knowledge of effective treatments for ethnic minorities by considering both how knowledge is constructed and the…
Including Ethnic Minorities in Mental Health Intervention Research
State of the Science on Psychosocial Interventions for Ethnic Minorities
According to a recent report of the Surgeon General (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1999), a range of treatments exist for most mental disorders, and the efficacy of those treatments is well documented. However, a supplement to that report (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2001) notes that minorities are largely missing from the efficacy studies that make up the evidence base for treatments. Because of this omission, que…
Culturally centered psychosocial interventions
Over the last few decades, psychologists and other health professionals have called attention to the importance of considering cultural and ethnicminority aspects in any psychosocial interventions. Although, at present, there are published guidelines on the practice of culturally competent psychology, there is still a lack of practical information about how to carry out appropriate interventions with specific populations of different cultural and…
Suicide Behavior among Latino and Latina Adolescents
Suicide is the cause of 11.7% of all deaths among youth and young adults aged 10 to 24 years in the United States (J. A. Grunbaum et al., 2004). Suicide is third leading cause of death for young Latinos/as aged 10 to 24 years (National Institute of Mental Health, 2001). Latino/a youth are at a greater risk of suicide behavior than other ethnic groups (G. Canino & R. E. Roberts, 2001). Latinos/as have less access to mental health services than do …
Individual and group CBT and IPT for Puerto Rican adolescents with depressive symptoms
This study compared individual (I) to group (G) formats of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for the treatment of depression in adolescents. One hundred and 12 Puerto Rican adolescents were randomized to four conditions (CBT-I, CBT-G, IPT-I, IPT-G). Participants were assessed at pretreatment and posttreatment with structured interviews to establish diagnosis and with self-report measures to assess treatment …
Barriers to Research and Capacity Building at Hispanic-Serving Institutions
Substantive barriers to research, such as cultural, language, and methodological variables, exist in Hispanic-serving institutions. Historical and contextual variables account for the differences between academic settings with research-intensive centers and those with limited infrastructure for competitive research. We provide a case example to serve as a model for developing and strengthening the research infrastructure in Hispanic-serving insti…
Cultural adaptation of treatments
There is a growing interest in whether and how to adapt psychotherapies to take into account the cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic context of diverse ethnocultural groups. At the root of the debate is the issue of whether evidence-based treatments (EBTs) developed within a particular linguistic and cultural context are appropriate for ethnocultural groups that do not share the same language, cultural values, or both. There is considerable e…
A Study of the Predictive Validity of the Children’s Depression Inventory for Major Depression Disorder in Puerto Rican Adolescents
This study aims to evaluate the predictive validity of the Children’s Depression Inventory items for major depression disorder (MDD) in an outpatient clinic sample of Puerto Rican adolescents. The sample consisted of 130 adolescents, 13 to 18 years old. The five most frequent symptoms of the Children’s Depression Inventory that best predict the presence of MDD were “I worry about others’ aches and pains,” “I don’t have any friends,” “I have to pu…
Factor Structure of the Escala de Autoeficacia para la Depresión en Adolescentes (Eada)
The current concept and measures of self-efficacy for depression in adolescents do not consider developmental and cultural aspects essential to understand and assess this construct in Latino youth. We examined the factor structure of the Escala de Autoeficacia para la Depresión en Adolescentes (EADA), a Spanish instrument designed to assess this construct as experienced by this population. Participants were 116 Puerto Rican adolescents aged 13 to…
Depression in Ethnic Minorities
Cultural adaptations
This multiauthored work brings together the scholarly and the clinical in its analysis of two separate yet inextricably linked endeavors in psychology: the cultural adaptation of existing interventions and the movement toward evidence-based practice (EBP). The unifying theoretical framework of this volume promotes culturally adapted EBPs as productive and empirically viable approaches to treating ethnic minorities and culturally diverse groups. C…
Psychology (24 obras) · Medicine (22 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (12 obras) · Clinical Psychology (12 obras) · Psychiatry (12 obras) · Sociology (11 obras) · Clinical Psychology (9 obras) · Ethnic group (7 obras) · Political science (7 obras) · Gerontology (6 obras)