Frontiers in Environmental Archaeology
Journal Data
| Type | JOURNAL |
|---|---|
| Publisher | Frontiers Media SA (CH) |
| ISSN | 2813-432X |
| Scopus | 21101280880 |
| OpenAlex | S4387284015 |
| Website | https://www.scopus.com/source/sourceInfo.url?sourceId=21101280880 |
| Total publications | 153 |
| Coverage period | 2022 - 2026 |
| Country | CH |
| Language | EN |
| Access | Open Access |
| Indexing | DOAJ indexed • Scopus indexed |
| Cited by | 19 |
| Impact factor | 1.109 |
| SJR | 0.666 (Q1) |
| SNIP | 0.778 |
| CiteScore | 1.7 |
| h-index | 2 |
| i10-index | 1 |
| Female authorship share | 49.0% |
Frontiers in Environmental Archaeology is dedicated to environmental archaeology, a subfield of archaeology. As archaeology is a subfield of anthropology, this journal is directly relevant to the broader discipline
Archeology · Archeology (arts and humanities) · Social Sciences (miscellaneous) · Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory · Archaeological and Geological Studies · Archaeological Research and Protection · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Archeology (arts and humanities · Conservation Techniques and Studies
Environmental factors in the preservation of human remains and funerary textiles in the late Old Kingdom burials at Saqqara West, Egypt
Introduction This paper investigates a link between intra-regional climatic changes and the preservation of human remains and funerary textiles in a representative group of burials from the late Old Kingdom/early First Intermediate Period cemetery (5th–8th Dynasties; c. 2498–2160 BCE) at Saqqara West, Egypt. Methods The study integrates geological, geoarchaeological, and archaeological evidence from the site, contemporary with the 4.2ka BP aridif…
New perspectives on nutritional stress—first carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of pig remains from historic starvation experiments
This exploratory study presents the first isotopic data obtained from skeletal remains of pigs that are known to have suffered severe nutritional stress, compared to a control group of pigs from the same litters. A pilot investigation of pig remains from 20th century feeding experiments is conducted. The small dataset ( n = 10) shows that potential isotopic signals of starvation are obscured by the different dietary compositions of both test grou…
Sliced meat
Technological change is often reconstructed from surviving tools, yet metal artefacts are particularly susceptible to curation, recycling and selective deposition. Microscopic marks on animal bone provide an independent record of the implements used in carcass processing. This study examines Early Dynastic III faunal remains from House 6H at Abu Salabikh, Iraq, including an affluent household, lane deposits and associated intramural burial contex…
Improving elasmobranch baselines in the California Channel Islands through ZooMS and stable isotope analyses
Sharks are among the world's most endangered vertebrates, having declined by over 70% in abundance over the past 50 years—a collapse driven primarily by modern fishing. However, the extent of this impact is difficult to assess without improved records of past species distributions. Zooarchaeological records offer valuable baselines for shark diversity, distribution, and exploitation and provide essential historical context for assessing contempor…
An agricultural complement to ancient northern Central Asian pastoralism on the steppe
The adaptive economies that allowed ancient people to, not only survive on the arid steppe of northern Central Asia, but also form early polities, elaborate burial practices, and specialized craft production, have attracted the attention of archaeologists for more than a century. Traditionally, these scholars have emphasized the first millennium BC as a key period of cultural change, labeling it the period when highly specialized nomadic pastoral…
A forgotten Egyptian mummy head in Vilnius
This article presents the first multidisciplinary investigation of a mummified Egyptian head curated at the National Museum of Lithuania in Vilnius, Northern Europe. The specimen, long neglected and stored among other Egyptian antiquities, was examined in 2025 within the framework of the Lithuanian Mummy Project—an initiative aimed at studying mummified remains preserved in the country. Through a combination of macroscopic inspection, computed to…
From individualized mummies to collective accumulations
Side Chamber 3 of Theban Tomb 209 (Luxor) preserves a stratified assemblage of 17 mummified bodies documented in primary or partially primary position, and a secondary deposit of at least 4 individuals dated between the Twenty-Fifth Dynasty and the Ptolemaic period. This study applies an integrated archaeothanatological approach—combining body position, coffin use, stratigraphic relationships, superposition, and material associations—to reconstru…
Broadening the narrative
Arguably, archaeological discourses on plant domestication have tended to be normative, linear and teleological. They often seek the emergence of specific phenotypic and, increasingly, genotypic traits through time. These temporal reconstructions of plant domestication foreground certain lineages of a crop, yet they simultaneously background an array of crop wild relatives and locally important cultivars and cultiwilds that existed through time a…
Vanuatu in the vanguard
This review synthesizes zooarchaeological evidence for Lapita subsistence strategies (c. 3200–2700 BP) across the Southwest Pacific, with particular focus on Vanuatu and the transformative contributions of the Teouma site. It examines how Lapita colonists adapted to diverse island ecologies, the impact of human arrival on native faunal diversity, and the methodological and theoretical challenges that have shaped our understanding. This paper high…
Anthracological analysis of charcoal from Bara, Southwestern Nigeria
Charcoal samples from different archaeological contexts at the site of Bara, in southwest Nigeria, were subjected to anthracological study. The sites investigated—residential structures, refuse deposits, and ceremonial centers-were from different cultural phases and settlement contexts ranging from ca. 400 BC during the Early Iron Age to the Oyo Imperial period during AD 1570–1835. The total number of charcoal pieces investigated is 2,972, consti…
Tracing giants through time
Introduction Sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) are deep-diving apex predators whose offshore ecology limits direct observation. Stable isotope analysis is widely used to infer cetacean diet and habitat use, but its application to archaeological whale remains remains rare despite the regular occurrence of sperm whales in zooarchaeological assemblages. Here, we combine stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) isotope analysis with zooarchaeol…
Marsupial translocations in the Circum–New Guinea archipelago and a model for prehistoric maritime mobility
Marsupial translocations provide one of the clearest zooarchaeological signatures of long-term maritime connectivity in the Circum–New Guinea Archipelago (CNGA). The presence of marsupials on islands beyond Australia and New Guinea has long posed a challenge for biogeographic interpretation because these mammals are generally poor over-water dispersers. Archaeological and zoological research has therefore suggested that many island populations re…
Holocene vegetation dynamics and agricultural development at ancient Bubastis (Egypt)
Bubastis is one of the most important ancient cities of the southeastern Nile Delta, continuously inhabited from around 3250 B.C.E. until its decline in the Roman Period. Although recent investigations have significantly advanced our understanding of its geomorphological development and settlement history, the region's vegetation and agricultural history has remained largely unexplored. This study provides the first Holocene paleovegetation recon…
Use of remote sensing for archaeological survey in the Lower Amazon Floodplain
The extensive and dynamic floodplains of the Amazon Basin have seldom been explored from an archaeological perspective due to the dynamic processes of erosion and deposition that shape them. A frequent assumption is that most landforms of the whitewater floodplains have recently been reworked. To better understand where human activities may have left an archaeological record in these ecosystems, it is essential to enhance our comprehension of the…
MicroCT analysis of archaeological parenchyma identifies underground storage organs from late Holocene contexts at Birriwilk rockshelter, Manilikarr Country, northern Australia
MicroCT analysis of archaeological parenchyma fragments has identified Aboriginal exploitation of underground storage organs (USOs) at Birriwilk rockshelter, Arnhem Land, northern Australia. A variety of USO types were identified from late Holocene contexts, including bulbs/corms, dicotyledon primary/tap roots and monocotyledon stem tubers. The range of USOs exploited is consistent with ethnographic accounts of plant exploitation practices by Abo…
Phytoliths from Cloggs Cave, GunaiKurnai country (southeastern Australia) reveal the gathering of whole grasses for burning practices inside the cave
Archaeobotanical evidence paired with GunaiKurnai cultural knowledge has established that plants were central to activities of the Old Ancestors in Cloggs Cave, GunaiKurnai Country. Here, we undertake a study of phytoliths from the stratified archaeological deposits to provide a complimentary line of evidence of people–plant relations across 25,000 years of cave engagement. Alongside the phytoliths of the archaeological sediments, we analyse the …
Clarifying ambiguity
Shifting cultivation is a widespread agricultural practice in the wet tropical forests of the world, as well as other environments. Short-term cultivation followed by long-term fallow is a human adaptation to the low fertility of soils under tropical forests. Forms of shifting cultivation are likely to be ancient and among the earliest agricultural practices. Here, a multi-disciplinary method for the investigation of shifting cultivation in the p…
Bioarchaeological reassessment of Dahshur royal skeletal remains from the Late Middle Kingdom (c. 1850–1700 BCE)
Introduction This study addresses the underutilization of bioarchaeological approaches in Egyptian research by reevaluating six royal skeletal remains (King Hor and five princesses) from de Morgan's 1894–1895 Dahshur excavation. Historically, these remains—now dispersed across two museums—received limited and contentious early analysis. Methods The present research employs an integrated methodology, combining systematic osteological reexamination…
Twelve millennia of plant use in the Northwest Amazon
Cerro Montoya 1 (CM1), in the Serranía de La Lindosa (Guaviare, Colombia), preserves one of the longest and most detailed multi-proxy archaeobotanical sequences in north-western Amazonia, spanning from the Late Pleistocene (∼12.6 cal ka BP) to the early Colonial period (∼0.4 cal ka BP). Integrated analyses of plant macroremains, phytoliths, starch grains, and charred parenchyma reveal a remarkably stable, broad-spectrum subsistence strategy from …
Mea culpa
The advent of hard tin-bronze metallurgy significantly changed the way in which metals are used during the Bronze Age from primarily display/prestige to quotidian/utilitarian technologies. Yet, it is difficult to quantify the rate and nature of change. Most researchers studying early metallurgy primarily confine themselves to the study of either the few preserved metal objects and/or the decline of stone tools. However, relatively few metal tools…
Multi-isotope evidence shows extensive free-roaming pig husbandry endured in medieval England
This study investigates regional variation in pig husbandry in 12th–16th century England and its role in sustaining woodlands, wetlands and small towns. Medieval pig management is often characterised as a transition from forest-dwelling pigs to pigs being increasingly confined in urban sites, a key stage in the evolutionary history of the European domestic pig. However, multi-isotope analysis (δ 13 C, δ 15 N, δ 34 S, 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) of dentine, bon…
From skeletons to stories
Medieval Nubia (ca. sixth–fifteenth centuries CE) is frequently portrayed as a culturally uniform landscape—Christianized, politically cohesive, and materially consistent from Nobadia to Alwa. This apparent homogeneity, reinforced by standardized mortuary customs and limited textual evidence, has long shaped interpretations of the period. Yet bioarchaeological sciences increasingly reveal a far more complex picture. Drawing on recent studies, thi…
Indigenous marine stewardship and season of harvest for California mussels (Mytilus californianus) along California's Lost Coast, U.S.A
Archaeological data and ecological modeling indicate that Indigenous communities sustainably harvested California mussels ( Mytilus californianus ) in Northwest California over the past 2,700 years along the Lost Coast. I analyzed 9,043 fragmented mussel shells from eight archaeological sites using regression techniques to estimate total shell length and compare average sizes across 100-year intervals. Ecological simulations tested how varying ha…
Nascent agricultural extensification and distinct household cultivation strategies supported first population centers in Neolithic southeastern Europe
Late Neolithic settlements in southeastern Europe expanded to unprecedented sizes, potentially reshaping agricultural practices and household production strategies in response to increasing demographic and environmental constraints. On the Great Hungarian Plain, such population aggregation occurred within landscapes characterized by extensive wetlands and limited arable land, raising questions about how cultivation regimes were organized and whet…
A commoning framework for environmental archaeology
Environmental archaeology has often relied on common-pool resource models to interpret past human-environment relationships, yet these frameworks overlook Indigenous ontologies grounded in kinship with land, water, and more-than human beings. We propose commoning as a complementary approach that centers reciprocity, relational care, and cultural meaning alongside institutional regulation. Drawing on archaeological evidence from Virginia's Chesape…
The exploitation of crabs by Last Interglacial Iberian Neanderthals
Hominin consumption of small prey has been much discussed over the past decades. Such resources are often considered to be unproductive in the Middle Paleolithic due to their limited meat yield and, hence, low energy return. However, ethnographic studies suggest that small prey—including shellfish—are a reliable, predictable and by no means marginal resource, and there is increasing evidence for their inclusion in hominin diets during the Middle …
Fighting erasure and dispossession in the San Francisco Bay Area
The Muwekma Ohlone Tribe has long been involved in the archaeology and stewardship of their ancestral homelands, both through their own cultural resource management (CRM) firm and though collaborations with academic and CRM archaeologists. In this article, we build on the past 40 years of archaeological collaborations in the southern San Francisco Bay region and offer examples of how archaeologists can support tribal heritage and environmental st…
Neanderthal exploitation of birds in north-western Europe
For a long time, Neanderthals were considered hunters of large mammals, whereas the diversification of the exploited faunal spectrum to include smaller taxa, including birds, was assumed to be specific to anatomically modern humans. In recent decades, archeozoological analyses of faunal remains from layers associated with Middle Paleolithic lithic industries have revealed traces of human manipulation of small taxa, indicating the exploitation of …
Neanderthal resilience and adaptability
The examination of faunal assemblages through zooarchaeological analyses constitutes a fundamental approach for gaining insight into the intricate behaviours of Neanderthals. Previous investigations have primarily focused on periods of relative environmental stability, and this has provided a wealth of relevant archaeological data. However, our understanding of Neanderthal resilience during the MIS 4, a period presumably characterised by harsh en…
Experimental replication of early human behaviour in bird preparation
The origin of complex behaviour amongst early humans is a subject of heated debate within the scientific community, and the study of small prey remains has become a significant aspect when examining such modern behaviour. Nonetheless, the consumption of small prey by human populations poses analytical difficulties due to the often negligible, or entirely absent, traces on bone surfaces. To address this difficulty, an experimental study focusing o…
Alternating carnivore and Neanderthal activities at Escoural Cave
Exploring the varied subsistence strategies and cave occupation patterns of Neanderthals is key to understanding their complex behaviors and ecological adaptations. Small game consumption, in particular, is considered a relevant indicator of their behavioral complexity. Rabbit assemblages from Pleistocene cave sites provide valuable insights into Neanderthal interactions with small prey and potential competition with carnivores. Here, we present …
Is the damage worth it? Testing handheld XRF as a non-destructive analytical tool for determining biogenic bone and tooth chemistry prior to destructive analyses
Isotopic analysis is destructive and requires that a specimen retains its original (biogenic) chemical composition. A specimen's relative abundance of calcium and phosphorous (Ca/P) or carbonate and phosphate (CO 3 /PO 4 ) is often used to assess preservation. If a specimen's Ca/P or CO 3 /PO 4 is similar to modern specimens, a specimen's isotopic composition may be biogenic. However, most methods for measuring these proxies are destructive. More…
Late Pleistocene to late Holocene palaeoecology and human foraging at Kuumbi Cave, Zanzibar Island
Background Climate change played a major role in shaping regional human-environment interactions in Africa during the late Pleistocene-Holocene, but this topic has not been exhaustively studied, particularly in eastern Africa. While there is growing evidence that the coastal and island settings in this region played a critical role in human evolution, combined archaeological and palaeoenvironmental studies have tended to focus on the arid interio…
Horse domestication as a multi-centered, multi-stage process
For over a decade there has been general, but not universal, consensus that the earliest known evidence for horse husbandry was at Eneolithic Botai, Kazakhstan, circa 3,500 BCE. Recent ancient genomic analyses, however, indicate that Botai is not the source of modern domestic horse stock (DOM2 lineage), but is instead related to the Przewalski clade of horses. DOM2 appears to instead to have emerged in early Bronze Age (mid 3rd Mill. BCE) in the …
Climate change and pulse migration
For millennia, Inuit peoples of the Arctic and Subarctic have been challenged by the impacts of climate change on the abundance of key subsistence species. Responses to climate-induced declines in animal populations included switching to alternative food sources and/or migrating to regions of greater availability. We examine these dynamics for the Chugach Inuit (Sugpiat) people of southern coastal Alaska by synthesizing a large body of evidence f…
Integrated approaches to understanding animal exploitation and dairying in the Central European Early Neolithic
Recent genetic studies point towards 6 th millennium BC central Europe as the core region for the emergence of the lactase persistence (LP) gene mutation -13,910 * T, making it important to understand the intensity of milk production and consumption among Linearbandkeramik (or LBK) farming groups. However, it is not known if milking was part of the LBK Neolithic “package” from the start, or if it displayed a discontinuous pattern in time and spac…
Inland fishing by Homo sapiens during early settlement of Wallacea
Homo sapiens were adept at fishing in a range of aquatic habitats by the time they left Africa and reached Southeast Asia ca . 73 kya. In the insular region of Wallacea, humans adapted to a significant maritime environment with sophisticated marine fishing methods and technology by at least 42 kya. However, despite a growing array of evidence suggesting an early inland terrestrial adaptation on large islands in this tropical region, there was pre…
Neolithic settlement and paleopedological changes during the Middle Holocene in northern Sardinia (Italy)
Sardinia is the second biggest island in the Mediterranean region and has been intensely settled since the Middle Holocene (c.7750 BP). Despite a large number of documented Neolithic archaeological sites, very little is known about human-environmental interactions, including land use and domestic activities associated with the emergence and expansion of Neolithic settlements (c. 7750 and 5500 BP). To shed new light on these issues, we carried out…
Migratory behavior in the enigmatic Late Pleistocene bovid Rusingoryx atopocranion
For many animals, migration is an important strategy for navigating seasonal bottlenecks in resource availability. In the savannas of eastern Africa, herds of grazing animals, including blue wildebeest ( Connochaetes taurinus ), Thomson's gazelle ( Eudorcas thomsonii ), and plains zebra ( Equus quagga ), travel hundreds of kilometers annually tracking suitable forage and water. However, we know nearly nothing about migration among the extinct spe…
New zooarchaeological evidence from Pictish sites in Scotland
Our knowledge of the use of livestock in early medieval Scotland is fragmentary and relies on a handful of well-studied faunal assemblages, with few from Pictland (north-east Scotland), an important and enigmatic group and latterly kingdom in Northern Britain that existed between the 3rd and 9th centuries AD. The assemblages that have been recovered and studied mainly occur at the limits of this territory, beyond the heartland of the Picts in the…
“A land whose stones are iron…”—Iron ore sources in the Southern Levant
Recent discoveries of iron production remains in multiple Iron Age sites throughout the Southern Levant indicate the significance of iron production in the region during this time. However, one main question remains unanswered—that is, provenance: Where were the iron resources located? Were they local or brought from afar? Answering these questions would allow great potential for reconstructing iron-ore procurement strategies and exploitation pra…
Farming and feasting during the Bronze Age–Iron Age transition in Britain (ca. 900–500 bce)
The Late Bronze Age saw the rise of a new site type in southern Britain, commonly termed a midden. These vast monumental mounds, some comprising tens of thousands of artefacts/ecofacts dominated by animal bone and ceramics, signal a societal refocus towards agricultural intensification and communal feasting on a grand scale. These sites point to agricultural produce being the mainstay of the economy, with bronze having a reduced social and econom…
Between valleys, plateaus, and mountains
Seasonal altitudinal mobility has been a key practice among pastoral societies in the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula to cope with the unpredictable Mediterranean climate. The existence of a massive and regulated mobile herding system in this area dates back to the 12th century. Nevertheless, early herd connections between the lowlands and the Pyrenees during the Roman period have been documented. The available information regarding the potential…
The use and context of fiber plants during the middle preceramic
Bast fiber artifacts from the Pacific coast of South America are among the earliest evidence of fabric manipulation and the foundation of the millennial Andean textile tradition. Recent examinations of plant macro remains and plant fiber artifacts from La Yerba II (7570–6674 cal BP) and La Yerba III (6485–5893 cal BP) sites provide insight into how plant fabric technologies and pre-loom textile traditions unfolded over the Middle Preceramic (or M…
Potential of paleoecology and paleolandscape modeling to identify pre-Colonial cultural burning in montane forests
Paleoecology and paleolandscape modeling have the potential to differentiate cultural burning from climatic fires, improving interpretations of past fire histories and vegetation resource management practices. People have conducted variations of traditional fire management to increase terrestrial resources for hundreds of millennia, commonly in fire-prone areas where vegetation is adapted to frequent fire events. Over time, these cultural fires i…
Assessing the use of stable isotope values from deer antlers as proxies for seasonal environmental variation
Introduction We assess the feasibility of white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) antlers to serve as archives of information on paleoseasonality by analyzing stable isotope values from four modern white-tailed deer collected in central Iowa, USA. Because antlers develop from early spring to early fall, they may serve as an archive for intra-annual seasonal variations and provide snapshots of past climatic and environmental conditions. Metho…
Fire-human-climate interactions in the Bolivian Amazon rainforest ecotone from the Last Glacial Maximum to late Holocene
The Amazon Rainforest Ecotone (the ARF- Ecotone ) of the southwestern Amazon Basin is a transitional landscape from tropical evergreen rainforests and seasonally flooded savannahs to savannah woodlands and semi-deciduous dry forests. While fire activity plays an integral role in ARF- Ecotones , recent interactions between human activity and increased temperatures and prolonged droughts driven by anthropogenic climate change threaten to accelerate…
Neanderthal resilience and adaptability
The examination of faunal assemblages through zooarchaeological analyses constitutes a fundamental approach for gaining insight into the intricate behaviours of Neanderthals. Previous investigations have primarily focused on periods of relative environmental stability, and this has provided a wealth of relevant archaeological data. However, our understanding of Neanderthal resilience during the MIS 4, a period presumably characterised by harsh en…
Fighting erasure and dispossession in the San Francisco Bay Area
The Muwekma Ohlone Tribe has long been involved in the archaeology and stewardship of their ancestral homelands, both through their own cultural resource management (CRM) firm and though collaborations with academic and CRM archaeologists. In this article, we build on the past 40 years of archaeological collaborations in the southern San Francisco Bay region and offer examples of how archaeologists can support tribal heritage and environmental st…
Lifting the veil
Humans undertake land management and care of landscapes to maintain safe, healthy, productive and predictable environments. Often, this is achieved through creating spatial and temporal heterogeneity in a way that leverages the natural world; both amplifying natural trends and, in some cases, driving shifts counter to natural processes. However, a persistent paradigm governing the understanding of proxy evidence of past human activity on the envi…
Human dynamics in the Southern Puna of Chile (25°-27°s) during the Late Holocene
We discuss the process of human re-occupation of the Southern Puna (25°-27°S) during the Late Holocene through a variety of lines of evidence, such as ceramics, faunal bones, lithic technology, sources of raw materials like obsidian, and rock art, and their integration with spatial analyses using least-cost paths. Our results indicate a process in which niches were formed in the puna, focused on a variety of activities such as vicuña hunting; exp…
Experimental replication of early human behaviour in bird preparation
The origin of complex behaviour amongst early humans is a subject of heated debate within the scientific community, and the study of small prey remains has become a significant aspect when examining such modern behaviour. Nonetheless, the consumption of small prey by human populations poses analytical difficulties due to the often negligible, or entirely absent, traces on bone surfaces. To address this difficulty, an experimental study focusing o…
Neanderthal exploitation of birds in north-western Europe
For a long time, Neanderthals were considered hunters of large mammals, whereas the diversification of the exploited faunal spectrum to include smaller taxa, including birds, was assumed to be specific to anatomically modern humans. In recent decades, archeozoological analyses of faunal remains from layers associated with Middle Paleolithic lithic industries have revealed traces of human manipulation of small taxa, indicating the exploitation of …
Alternating carnivore and Neanderthal activities at Escoural Cave
Exploring the varied subsistence strategies and cave occupation patterns of Neanderthals is key to understanding their complex behaviors and ecological adaptations. Small game consumption, in particular, is considered a relevant indicator of their behavioral complexity. Rabbit assemblages from Pleistocene cave sites provide valuable insights into Neanderthal interactions with small prey and potential competition with carnivores. Here, we present …
Cloggs Cave pollen sequences, GunaiKurnai Country, East Gippsland (SE Australia)
In southeastern Australia, GunaiKurnai caves are known by current Aboriginal Elders and from nineteenth century ethnographic documents as special places used by mulla-mullung (“clever men” and “clever women”) for the practice of magic and medicine. Pollen analysis conducted on sediments from one such cave, Cloggs Cave, reveals an unusually well-preserved and well-stratified pollen sequence extending back >25,000 years, with much of the pollen int…
Spatial palaeoecology of large-herbivore hominin prey-species at Salzgitter-Lebenstedt, Lower Saxony, Germany
The application of high-resolution methods to reconstruct the ecology and behavior of large-herbivores within Late Pleistocene contexts in Europe has revealed increasing evidence for variability in diet, habitat preference, ranges and mobility patterns through time and space. This data has major implications for interpretations of hominin subsistence strategies in terms of prey-species selection, which rest to a large extent, on the spatial ecolo…