Palynological evidence from a sub-alpine marsh of enhanced Little Ice Age snowpack in the Marrakech High Atlas, North Africa

Bibliographic Data

ID12200649
AuthorsBenjamin A Bell (0000-0002-0899-9280, University of Manchester, corresponding author), William J Fletcher (0000-0001-8918-0690, University of Manchester), Philip D Hughes (0000-0002-8284-0219, University of Manchester), Henk L Cornelissen (0000-0001-8759-7898, University of Manchester), David Fink (0000-0001-7156-4602, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation), Ali Rhoujjati (0000-0002-8176-7451, Cadi Ayyad University)
Year2021
Volume31
Issue1
Pages49-66
Publication date2021-05-18
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueVegetation History and Archaeobotany (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0939-6314 • E-ISSN: 1617-6278
PublisherSpringer Science+Business Media (PUBLISHER • DE)
DOI10.1007/s00334-021-00837-y
OpenAlexW3154325052
LanguageEN
References cited90

The grazing lands of the High Atlas are vulnerable to climate change and the decline of traditional management practices. However, prior to the mid-20th century, there is little information to examine historical environmental change and resilience to past climate variability. Here, we present a new pollen, non-pollen palynomorph (NPP) and microcharcoal record from a sub-alpine marsh (pozzine) at Oukaïmeden, located in the Marrakech High Atlas, Morocco. The record reveals a history of grazing impacts with diverse non-arboreal pollen assemblages dominant throughout the record as well as recurrent shifts between wetter and drier conditions. A large suite of radiocarbon dates ( n = 22) constrains the deposit to the last ~ 1,000 years although multiple reversed ages preclude development of a robust age-depth model for all intervals. Between relatively dry conditions during the Medieval period and in the 20th century, intervening wet conditions are observed, which we interpret as a locally enhanced snowpack during the Little Ice Age. Hydrological fluctuations evidenced by wetland pollen and NPPs are possibly associated with centennial-scale precipitation variability evidenced in regional speleothem records. The pollen record reveals an herbaceous grassland flora resilient against climatic fluctuations through the last millennium, possibly supported by sustainable collective management practices ( agdal ), with grazing indicators suggesting a flourishing pastoral economy. However, during the 20th century, floristic changes and increases in charcoal accumulation point to a decline in management practices, diversification of land-use (including afforestation) and intensification of human activity

Aridification · Climate change · Geography · Marsh · Palynology · Physical geography · Pollen · Snow · Snowpack · Wetland · Aeolian processes and effects · Geological and Geophysical Studies Worldwide · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Ecology