Leadership and governance for integrating mental healthcare at the primary healthcare (PHC) level

A mixed methods study in Ghana

Bibliographic Data

ID19594412
AuthorsPeter Badimak Yaro (0000-0001-6977-6550, University of Ghana, corresponding author), Emmanuel Asampong (0000-0002-1926-1118, University of Ghana, corresponding author), Philip Teg-Nefaah Tabong (0000-0002-6457-1844), Philip Teg‐Nefaah Tabong (0000-0001-9445-1643, University of Ghana, corresponding author), Graham Thornicroft (0000-0003-0662-0879, King's College London, corresponding author), Paulina Tindana (0000-0002-9171-2083, University of Ghana, corresponding author)
EditorsMedhin Selamu Tegegn Medhin Selamu Tegegn
Year2025
Volume5
Issue8
Pagese0002672
Publication date2025-08-19
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePLOS Global Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2767-3375 • E-ISSN: 2767-3375
PublisherPublic Library of Science (PLoS) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1371/journal.pgph.0002672
PMID40828793
OpenAlexW4413326143
LanguageEN
References cited45

Leadership and governance are key components of health systems, nevertheless research into leadership and governance of mental healthcare at the Primary Health Care (PHC) level is probably the least well researched and understood part of these systems. As part of assessing the integration of mental health at the PHC level in Ghana, the leadership and governance organisation and structures to ensure supervision and coordination were examined. A concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design involving both quantitative and qualitative research methods approach was adopted. The quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire, self-administered or interviewer administered, on 1010 respondents with 830 completed (response rate 82%). Key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect the qualitative data. Thematic content analysis utilising NVivo 12 was applied for the qualitative field data. Stata SE16 was used for quantitative data. Data triangulation strategy was used to report the qualitative and quantitative results. The study showed that leadership and governance of mental health at the PHC level were partially developed, with a composite mean score of 2.53, due to the modest level of awareness of the Mental Health Law, inadequate functioning and coordination of mental health units, low private sector participation in mental health care services, and low levels of monitoring, supervision, and evaluation. This affected the integration of mental health at the PHC level, which was also gauged as low. The study concludes that despite the presence of legislation and policy aiming to achieve decentralised and integrated mental health services at the PHC level, mental health care is still a low-level priority within the health care system in Ghana and tends to operate within a silo. The study recommends that more practical and concerted leadership of mental health at the regional and district levels is required to drive decentralisation and integration at these levels

Accountability · Business · Corporate governance · Focus group · Health care · Interview · Mental health · Political science · Psychiatry · Qualitative property · Qualitative research · Sociology · Thematic analysis · Computer Science · Global Maternal and Child Health · Health, psychology, and well-being · Medicine · Mental Health Treatment and Access · Nursing · Psychology