Kilimanjaro Ice Core Records
Evidence of Holocene Climate Change in Tropical Africa
Bibliographic Data
Six ice cores from Kilimanjaro provide an ∼11.7-thousand-year record of Holocene climate and environmental variability for eastern equatorial Africa, including three periods of abrupt climate change: ∼8.3, ∼5.2, and ∼4 thousand years ago (ka). The latter is coincident with the “First Dark Age,” the period of the greatest historically recorded drought in tropical Africa. Variable deposition of F – and Na + during the African Humid Period suggests rapidly fluctuating lake levels between ∼11.7 and 4 ka. Over the 20th century, the areal extent of Kilimanjaro's ice fields has decreased ∼80%, and if current climatological conditions persist, the remaining ice fields are likely to disappear between 2015 and 2020.
Climate change · Climatology · Geography · Holocene · Ice core · Period (music) · Physical geography · Geological formations and processes · Geology · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Oceanography · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
The Interaction of Climate Change and Agency in the Collapse of Civilizations ca. 2300–2000 BC
Late Holocene Indian Summer Monsoon Variations Recorded at Lake Erhai, Southwestern China
Recently exposed vegetation reveals Holocene changes in the extent of the Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru
Late Quaternary vegetation reconstruction from the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania
The Holocene lake-evaporation history of the afro-alpine Lake Garba Guracha in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia, based on δ 18 O records of sugar biomarker and diatoms
Geochemical evidence of the 8.2 ka event and other Holocene environmental changes recorded in paleolagoon sediments, southeastern Brazil
A late Holocene record of human impacts on tropical environments from non-pollen palynomorphs, Albertine Rift, western Uganda
Late Quaternary vegetation dynamics in a biodiversity hotspot, the Uluguru Mountains of Tanzania
A 3000-year record of vegetation changes and fire at a high-elevation wetland on Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Mid- to late Holocene cooling events in the Korean Peninsula and their possible impact on ancient societies
Tripartite climate reversal in Central Europe 5600–5300 years ago
The 8.2-ka abrupt climate change event in Brown's Lake, northeast Ohio
A Pronounced Dry Event Recorded Around 4.2 ka in Brine Sediments from the Northern Red Sea
Holocene vegetation and climate change recorded in alpine bog sediments from the Borreguiles de la Virgen, Sierra Nevada, southern Spain
The 4.2 ka BP event in the Levant
Investigating the impacts of 4.2 ka and 3.2 ka BP climatic events on wheat and barley cultivation in the Bronze Age Kingdom of Mukish
Late-Holocene environmental variability at Munsa archaeological site, Uganda
A palaeoecological investigation into the role of fire and human activity in the development of montane grasslands in East Africa
On the sensitivity of the simulated European Neolithic transition to climate extremes
The 8k event
Հազար տարի մեզանից առաջ կլիմայական իրադարձությունը եւ Հայկական լեռնաշխարհը
The glaciers of Mount Kenya 1899-2004
Formal ratification of the subdivision of the Holocene Series/Epoch (Quaternary System/Period)
The Nile Basin
Mesoamerica’s Archaic Period
Mesoamerica’s Archaic Period
A Study of Lian Sickles and Dao Knives from the Longshan Culture Site of Liangchengzhen in Southeastern Shandong
Climate Change and Global Poverty
Frontier Animal Husbandry in the Northeast and East African Neolithic
Orbital controls on seasonality
Prolonged monsoon droughts and links to Indo-Pacific warm pool
Persistent millennial-scale climatic variability over the past 25,000 years in Southern Africa
Abrupt weakening of the summer monsoon in northwest India 4100 yr ago
Climate change and human health
Climatic changes and social transformations in the Near East and North Africa during the ‘long’ 4th millennium BC
North–south palaeohydrological contrasts in the central Mediterranean during the Holocene
Holocene Climate and Cultural Evolution in Late Prehistoric–Early Historic West Asia
Structure and origin of Holocene cold events
Late Holocene drought responsible for the collapse of Old World civilizations is recorded in an Italian cave flowstone
Formal subdivision of the Holocene Series/Epoch
A major widespread climatic change around 5300 cal. yr BP at the time of the Alpine Iceman
Mid- to Late Holocene climate change
The History of Ice
Glacial Fluctuation and Vegetation Succession on Tyndall Glacier, Mt Kenya
The Kura-Araxes ‘expansion’
Sub-divisions of the Holocene
Where the Meghalayan meets the Anthropocene
A Holocene paleoenvironmental record based on ungulate stable isotopes from Lukenya Hill, Kenya
Improved ostrich eggshell and ungulate tooth enamel radiocarbon dating methods reveal Later Stone Age occupation in arid MIS 2 southern Somalia
What are we Doing about Climate Change
Glaciers and society
Kansyore Fisher-Hunter-Gatherers Abandoned the Northeastern Lake Victoria Shoreline during an Arid Period in the Middle Holocene
Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the afroalpine belt of the Bale Mountains (Ethiopia) and their palaeoclimatic implication
Detection of Human Landscape Alteration Using Nested Microbotanical and Fungal Proxies
Tethered mobility and riparian resource exploitation among Neolithic hunters and herders in the Galana River basin, Kenyan coastal lowlands
Saraswati River in northern India (Haryana) and its role in populating the Harappan civilization sites—A study based on remote sensing, sedimentology, and strata chronology
A Mosaic of Adaptation
Hunter-gatherer reliance on inselbergs, big game, and dwarf antelope at the Rifle Range Site, Buur Hakaba, southern Somalia ∼20,000−5,000 BP
Stable isotope analysis of carnivores from the Turkana Basin, Kenya
Years of small game hunting in southern Somalia
Abrupt Holocene Indian Summer Monsoon failures
Radiocarbon dating of glacial dust layers and soils at Kilimanjaro’s Northern Ice Field
Cupressus dupreziana
Climatic, vegetation and cultural change in the eastern Mediterranean during the mid-Holocene environmental transition
High-resolution magnetic and palynological records of the last deglaciation and Holocene from Lake Xiarinur in the Hunshandake Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia
A deadly cocktail
Mid-Holocene (4200 kyr BP) mass mortalities in Mauritius (Mascarenes)
A dramatic climatic transition at ~4000 cal. yr BP and its cultural responses in Chinese cultural domains
Speleothem records of changes in tropical hydrology over the Holocene and possible implications for atmospheric methane
Temperature variability over Africa during the last 2000 years
The 4.2 ka BP event in western Anatolia
Is the decline of ice on Kilimanjaro unprecedented in the Holocene
Evidence for the Little Ice Age in upland northwestern Europe
Palaeosols in Saharan and Sahelian dunes of Chad
Mid-Holocene climate variations revealed by high-resolution speleothem records from Soreq Cave, Israel and their correlation with cultural changes
Spatial complexity of ‘Little Ice Age’ climate in East Africa
A severe centennial-scale drought in midcontinental North America 4200 years ago and apparent global linkages
Palaeoceanographic evolution of the central Red Sea during the late Holocene
Vegetation history in western Uganda during the last 1200 years
Holocene climate variability and Indian Summer Monsoon
Possible complexity of the climatic event around 4300—3800 cal. BP in the central and western Mediterranean
Another reason for concern
Claiming and Adjudicating on Mt Kilimanjaro's Shrinking Glaciers
Vegetation dynamics and their response to Holocene climate change derived from multi-proxy records from Wangdongyang peat bog in southeast China
Holocene mangrove dynamics and environmental change in the Rufiji Delta, Tanzania
Micromorphology reveals in situ Mesolithic living floors and archaeological features in multiphase sites in central Sudan
High-precision dendro-14C dating of two cedar wood sequences from First Intermediate Period and Middle Kingdom Egypt and a small regional climate-related 14C divergence
Mesolithic Site Formation and Palaeoenvironment Along the White Nile (Central Sudan)
Recent Glacier Shrinkage on Kilimanjaro and the Possibility of the Contribution of Glacier Meltwater to Hillside River Water
The Worlds of the Indian Ocean
Changing Surface Conditions at Kilimanjaro Indicated from Multiscale Imagery
Re-framing the decision context over trade-offs among ecosystem services and wellbeing in a major river basin where water resources are highly contested
Climate and human-driven erosional dynamics in central European lowlands during the Late Glacial and Holocene – a case study from the sandstone area of the Bohemian Paradise (Czech Republic)
Long-term vegetation trends and driving factors of NDVI change on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro
Pastoral Neolithic Settlement at Luxmanda, Tanzania
Astronomically forced climate change in the Kenyan Rift Valley 2.7–2.55 Ma
Climate Change and Monsoon
Stable isotopic composition of rice grain organic matter marking an abrupt shift of hydroclimatic condition during the cultural transformation of Harappan civilization
The 4.2 ka BP climatic event and its cultural responses
The Holocene environmental changes in southern Indonesia reconstructed from highland caldera lake sediment in Bali Island
Estimates of Past Climate at Paleolake Chad, North Africa, Based on a Hydrological and Energy-Balance Model
Estimates of Holocene Precipitation for Rajasthan, India, Based on Pollen and Lake-Level Data
A 25,000-Year Tropical Climate History from Bolivian Ice Cores
The Eastern Mediterranean paleoclimate as a reflection of regional events
Abrupt post-glacial climate events in West Asia and North Africa monsoon domains
Milankovitch forcing of fluctuations in the level of tropical lakes from 18 to 0 kyr BP
Century-scale events in monsoonal climate over the past 24,000 years
Macintosh Program performs time‐series analysis
High-Precision Radiocarbon Age Calibration for Terrestrial and Marine Samples
Quaternary Landforms and Climate on the South Side of the Sahara
| Unique citing works | 136 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 5,91 |
| Citation span | 2003 - 2026 (24) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 114 |