Impact of 2008 global economic crisis on suicide

Time trend study in 54 countries

Bibliographic Data

ID23359720
AuthorsShu-Sen Chang (0000-0001-5012-1132, University of Bristol, corresponding author), David Stuckler (0000-0002-1288-8401, University of Oxford), Paul S F Yip (0000-0002-7635-7407, Hong Kong Jockey Club), P Yip, D Gunnell (University of Bristol)
Year2013
Volume347
Issuesep17 1
Pagesf5239-f5239
Publication date2013-09-17
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueBMJ (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0007-1447 • E-ISSN: 0267-0623
PublisherBMJ (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1136/bmj.f5239
PMID24046155
OpenAlexW2053391121
LanguageEN
Citations received155
References cited20

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of the 2008 global economic crisis on international trends in suicide and to identify sex/age groups and countries most affected. DESIGN: Time trend analysis comparing the actual number of suicides in 2009 with the number that would be expected based on trends before the crisis (2000-07). SETTING: Suicide data from 54 countries; for 53 data were available in the World Health Organization mortality database and for one (the United States) data came the CDC online database. POPULATION: People aged 15 or above. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Suicide rate and number of excess suicides in 2009. RESULTS: There were an estimated 4884 (95% confidence interval 3907 to 5860) excess suicides in 2009 compared with the number expected based on previous trends (2000-07). The increases in suicide mainly occurred in men in the 27 European and 18 American countries; the suicide rates were 4.2% (3.4% to 5.1%) and 6.4% (5.4% to 7.5%) higher, respectively, in 2009 than expected if earlier trends had continued. For women, there was no change in European countries and the increase in the Americas was smaller than in men (2.3%). Rises in European men were highest in those aged 15-24 (11.7%), while in American countries men aged 45-64 showed the largest increase (5.2%). Rises in national suicide rates in men seemed to be associated with the magnitude of increases in unemployment, particularly in countries with low levels of unemployment before the crisis (Spearman's rs=0.48). CONCLUSIONS: After the 2008 economic crisis, rates of suicide increased in the European and American countries studied, particularly in men and in countries with higher levels of job loss.

Confidence interval · Economic growth · Economics · Environmental health · Geography · Poison control · Population · Sociology · Suicide prevention · Suicide rates · Unemployment · Unemployment rate · Demography · Employment and Welfare Studies · Medicine · Mental Health Treatment and Access · Suicide and Self-Harm Studies