Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Women entrepreneurs in sub-Saharan Africa

An institutional theory analysis from a social marketing point of view

Bibliographic Data

ID23376568
AuthorsLyn S Amine (Saint Louis University, corresponding author), Karin M Staub (Saint Louis University)
Year2009
Volume21
Issue2
Pages183-211
Publication date2009-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueEntrepreneurship and Regional Development (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0898-5626 • E-ISSN: 1464-5114
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/08985620802182144
OpenAlexW2017360289
LanguageEN
Citations received52
References cited41

This paper takes an international marketing (IM) approach to the study of women entrepreneurs (WEs) in sub-Saharan Africa by examining factors in the environments in which WEs operate. The goal is to understand better how environmental barriers of many types impact the efforts of WEs. Using institutional theory-driven analysis, findings from a wide range of literature are integrated, with special attention to issues of the social legitimacy of women as entrepreneurs. Results of this study demonstrate that WEs in sub-Saharan Africa face a daunting array of challenges arising from the socio-cultural, economic, legal, political, and technological environments in which they live. Moreover, unfavourable conditions in local regulatory, normative, and cognitive systems place additional burdens on women who desire to become entrepreneurs or to expand an entrepreneurial business. In order to address these gender-specific problems, social marketing is recommended with the goals of (1) changing social beliefs, attitudes and behaviours that negatively affect Wes, and (2) improving conditions in institutional systems and market environments. Recommendations in the paper suggest how to bring about changes in attitudes towards women, work and their independent enterprise. In conclusion, directions for future scholarly research are identified.

Affect (linguistics) · Business · Entrepreneurship · Face (sociological concept) · Female entrepreneurs · Institutional theory · Legitimacy · Normative · Order (exchange) · Political science · Politics · Public relations · Social science · Sociology · Women entrepreneurs · Work (physics) · Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences · Family Business Performance and Succession · Innovation and Socioeconomic Development · Marketing

  • Entrepreneurship in Africa

    Open Access•Akinyinka Akinyoade, Ton Dietz et al.•Entrepreneurship in Africa•2017

  • Comparative International Entrepreneurship

    Open Access•Siri Terjesen, Jolanda Hessels et al.•Journal of Management•2016

  • Women entrepreneurs in and from developing countries

    Open Access•Luisa De Vita, Michela Mari et al.•European Management Journal•2014

  • Gendered legitimacy and hybrid cultural logics in women’s international entrepreneurship

    Faisal Saeed Malik, Rebecca Goffin•International Journal of Gender…•2026

  • Struggling with social capital

    Märta Lindvert, Pankaj C Patel et al.•Entrepreneurship and Regional…•2017

  • Should gender be a determinant factor for granting crowdfunded microloans

    Open Access•Salvador Cruz Rambaud, Joaquín López Pascual et al.•Humanities and Social Sciences…•2022

  • Doing and undoing gender in rice business and marketplaces in Tanzania

    Open Access•Mesia Ilomo, Lettice Rutashobya et al.•Cogent Social Sciences•2021

  • Gender, Credit Risk and Performance in Sub-Saharan African Microfinance Institutions

    Hadizatou Ali, Jean-Pierre Gueyié et al.•Journal of African Business•2023

  • Against the Norm? Entrepreneurial Human Capital, Gender and Resource Mobilization in Sub-saharan Africa

    Ikenna Uzuegbunam, Rachida Aïssaoui et al.•Journal of African Business•2021

  • Women Micro-entrepreneurship and Social Inclusion

    Fanny Adams Quagrainie, Samuel Adam et al.•Journal of African Business•2023

  • Effect of Social Networks and Performance of Agribusinesses Owned by Young Women in a Developing Country

    Smith A R Dossou, Augustin K N Aoudji et al.•Journal of African Business•2024

  • Exploring the role of women entrepreneurs in revitalizing historic Nazareth

    Open Access•Märta Lindvert, Daniel Laven et al.•Journal of Sustainable Tourism•2024

  • Refugee Entrepreneurship

    Open Access•Ugur Yetkin, Deniz Tunçalp•Journal of Business Ethics•2024

  • All About Patriarchal Segregation of Work Regarding Family? Women Business-Owners in Bangladesh

    Open Access•Jasmine Jaim•Journal of Business Ethics•2022

  • Women entrepreneurs as agents of change

    Open Access•Eugenia Rosca, Nivedita Agarwal et al.•Technological Forecasting and…•2020

  • Subjugation by superstition

    Open Access•Jasmine Jaim•Business Ethics, the Environment…•2024

  • A room of her own

    Open Access•Kaichao Shao, Huijuan Ren et al.•Frontiers in Sociology•2026

  • Influence of socioeconomic factors on female entrepreneurship

    Open Access•Rosa Ysabel Bazán Valque, Omer Cruz Caro et al.•Frontiers in Sociology•2025

  • An evaluation of human capital theory and female entrepreneurship in sub-Sahara Africa

    Open Access•Kwame Adom, Irene Tiwaa Asare-Yeboa•International Journal of Gender…•2016

  • Female entrepreneurs’ cognitive attributes and venture growth in Japan

    Open Access•Norifumi Kawai, Tomoyo Kazumi•International Journal of Gender…•2021

  • The influence of gender and cultural norms on indigenous Women's entrepreneurial practices

    Joy Eghonghon Akahome, Paul Agu Igwe•International Journal of Gender…•2026

  • Exploring the normative context for women’s entrepreneurship in Pakistan

    Open Access•Muhammad Azam Roomi, Shafiqur Rehman et al.•International Journal of Gender…•2018

  • Navigating institutional complexities

    Open Access•Thilde Langevang, Michael W Hansen et al.•International Journal of Gender…•2018

  • Decolonizing entrepreneurship

    Open Access•Wojdan Omran, Shumaila Yousafzai•International Journal of Gender…•2025

  • Rural entrepreneurship and the context

    Open Access•Mohamed Semkunde, Tumsifu Elly et al.•International Journal of Gender…•2021

  • Entrepreneurial competences and growth of female-owned enterprises

    Open Access•Samuel Dawa, Rebecca Namatovu et al.•International Journal of Gender…•2021

  • The geography of women’s informal entrepreneurial activities in urban Zambia

    Open Access•Cecilia Fåhraeus•International Development…•2024

  • A tale of transaction costs and forest law compliance

    Open Access•Divine Foundjem-Tita, Stijn Speelman et al.•Forest Policy and Economics•2013

  • Women's Knowledge Empowerment and Elimination of Implicit Gender Discrimination in Chinese Rural Tourism Entrepreneurship

    Open Access•Meijia Fang, Yong Rao•International Journal of Tourism…•2026

  • Crossroads of Identity

    Open Access•Michela Floris, Giulio Palmas•Gender Issues•2025

  • Identity Work and Entrepreneurial Marketing Among Women Entrepreneurs in Vietnam

    Open Access•Gunjan Saxena, Puja Saxena•Gender Work and Organization•2025

  • Exist or exit? Women business‐owners in Bangladesh during Covid‐19

    Open Access•Jasmine Jaim•Gender Work and Organization•2020

  • Women's informal entrepreneurship through the lens of institutional voids and institutional logics

    Open Access•Lalarukh Ejaz, Vadim Grinevich et al.•Gender Work and Organization•2023

  • Embeddedness or Over-Embeddedness? Women Entrepreneurs’ Networks and Their Influence on Business Performance

    Open Access•Lavlu Mozumdar, Geoffrey Hagelaar et al.•European Journal of Development…•2019

  • Fashioning the Future

    Open Access•Thilde Langevang•European Journal of Development…•2016

  • What Do We Know About The Patterns and Determinants of Female Entrepreneurship Across Countries

    Open Access•Maria Minniti, Wim Naudé•European Journal of Development…•2010

  • Mixed embeddedness and entrepreneurial activities of rural migrants in the host region

    Huasheng Zhu, Junwei Feng et al.•Journal of Urban Affairs•2019

  • Constrained Gazelles

    Open Access•Michael Grimm, Peter Knorringa et al.•World Development•2012

  • National Culture, Gender Inequality and Women’s Success in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

    Open Access•Suwastika Naidu, Alvin Chand•Social Indicators Research•2015

  • Navigating Contested Spaces

    Open Access•Tabitha Sindani, Cécile Guillaume et al.•Gender Work and Organization•2026

  • Social capital of entrepreneurs in a developing country

    Open Access•Giacomo Solano, Gerrit Rooks•Social Networks•2018

  • Gender differences in business performance

    Open Access•Tesfaye Lemma, Tendai Gwatidzo et al.•Small Business Economics•2023

  • Women as vectors of social entrepreneurship

    Open Access•Albert Nsom Kimbu, Michael Zisuh Ngoasong•Annals of Tourism Research•2016

  • This Girl Can(’t)

    Laura McVey, Paul Harrison•Leisure Sciences•2022

  • Women’s entrepreneurship through collective institutional shaping

    Open Access•Madhobi Hossain, José Milton De Sousa-Filho et al.•World Development•2026

  • Resilience and confidence in entrepreneurial self-efficacy

    Open Access•Suhail Mohammad Ghouse, Gerard Mcelwee•Journal of Rural Studies•2026

  • Beyond social innovation to sustainable livelihoods in tourism

    Sonya Graci•Tourism Geographies•2025

  • Roles of gender in addressing structural inequality

    Tesfaye Gudeta Gerba, Gutema Imana Keno et al.•Small Wars and Insurgencies•2024

  • Diverging pathways

    Open Access•Thilde Langevang, Katherine V Gough•Geographical Journal•2012

  • Bounded Entrepreneurial Vitality

    Open Access•Thilde Langevang, Katherine V Gough et al.•Economic Geography•2015

  • Work-Life Balance among Women in the Informal Sector

    Joshua Onuenyim Nweke, Chibugo Moses Oketa et al.•The Nigerian Journal of Sociology…•2024

  • Identifying the Entrepreneurial Success Factors and the Performance of Women-Owned Businesses in Pakistan

    Open Access•Muhammad Shakeel, Shakeel Muhammad et al.•SAGE Open•2020

  • Institutions and organizations

    W Richard Scott•Institutions and organizations•2001

  • Enterprise in Africa

    Simon Mcgrath, Kenneth King•Enterprise in Africa•1999

  • Marketing in Morocco

    Open Access•Lyn S Amine, Kenneth R Gray•Marketing in the Emerging Markets…•2007

  • Human Development Report 1994

    United Nations Development Programme•Human Development Report 1994•1994

  • Entrepreneurial Potential and Potential Entrepreneurs

    Open Access•Norris Krueger, Norris F Krueger et al.•Entrepreneurship Theory and…•1994

  • Entrepreneurship

    Open Access•William J Baumol•Journal of Business Venturing•1996

  • All Credit to Men? Entrepreneurship, Finance, and Gender

    Open Access•Susan Marlow, Dean Patton•Entrepreneurship Theory and…•2005

  • Institutional Transitions and Strategic Choices

    Mike W Peng•Academy of Management Review•2003

  • The Regulation of Entry

    Simeon Djankov, R La Porta et al.•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•2002

  • Building competitive advantage from ubuntu

    Mzamo P Mangaliso•Academy of Management Perspectives•2001

  • Managing Legitimacy

    Mark C Suchman•Academy of Management Review•1995

  • National innovation systems

    Richard R Nelson•National innovation systems•1993

  • Handbook of Organizations (RLE

    James G March, James March•Handbook of Organizations•2013

  • Supercapitalism. The Transformation of Business, Democracy and Everyday life

    Open Access•Robert B Reich, Robert Reich•Society and Business Review•2008

  • Minority entrepreneurs and firm performance in sub‐Saharan Africa

    Vijaya Ramachandran, Manju Kedia Shah•The Journal of Development Studies•1999

  • Social structure and organizations

    Arthur L Stinchcombe•Economics meets sociology in…•2004

  • Women entrepreneurs

    Open Access•Mary C Mattis•Women in Management Review•2004

  • The Distinctiveness of Entrepreneurship in Transition Economies

    Open Access•David Smallbone, Friederike Welter•Small Business Economics•2001

  • Feminist Insight on Gendered Work

    Open Access•K Mirchandani•Gender Work and Organization•1999

  • African Enterprise Clusters and Industrialization

    Open Access•Dorothy Mccormick•World Development•1999

  • The dynamics of micro and small enterprises in developing countries

    Open Access•Donald C Mead, Carl Liedholm•World Development•1998

  • Entrepreneurship in Africa

    David S Fick•Entrepreneurship in Africa•2002

  • Handbook of social psychology

    Susan T Fiske, Daniel Todd Gilbert et al.•Handbook of social psychology•2010

  • The 'new generation of African entrepreneurs

    Barbara E Mcdade, Anita Spring•Entrepreneurship and Regional…•2005

  • Entrepreneurship

    William J Baumol•Journal of Political Economy•1990

  • Savings and Accumulation Strategies of Urban Market Women in Harare, Zimbabwe

    Emily Chamlee‐wright•Economic Development and Cultural…•2002

  • African business systems in a globalising world

    Open Access•Poul Ove Pedersen, Poul Pedersen et al.•The Journal of Modern African…•1999

Unique citing works52
Citations per year3,25
Citation span2010 - 2026 (17)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 52
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae