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Citizenship and the American state

Exploring the Boundaries of Legal Racial Exclusion

Bibliographic Data

ID2949820
AuthorsD N Obinna (0000-0002-1915-8786, College of Liberal Arts, Mount St. Mary’s University, Emmitsburg, Maryland, corresponding author)
Year2024
Volume30
Issue2
Pages110-122
Publication date2024-03-03
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueSocial Identities (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1350-4630 • E-ISSN: 1363-0296
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/13504630.2024.2344542
OpenAlexW4395047727
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited35

Providing a compelling analysis of race, ethnicity, and culture, this manuscript unpacks the whiteness as citizenship model in the American context. This paper argues that citizenship rights have historically been dispensed to mean ‘whiteness’. That is, whiteness has been the definition of the ‘real American’ where racialized others are kept outside of the full rights and privileges of citizenship. Examining instances where individuals challenged whiteness in court, this manuscript deciphers how whiteness as a social classification excluded certain peoples based on their ‘racial fitness’ while including others as exemplary members. Likewise, this work also examines how territorial expansion altered notions of whiteness – especially in regard to Mexican Americans. Drawing reference to concepts such as the ‘Pocahontas Exception’, this work also examines how the whiteness as citizenship model allowed certain individuals with Native American ancestry to identify as ‘white’ while using the ‘one-drop rule’ to deem persons with African ancestry as ‘black’ thereby relegating them to second-class citizenship. As such, this manuscript argues that whiteness is endemic to the American democracy. Its connection is sealed through citizenship not only through the rights it grants but in the standing it confers

Citizenship · Democracy · Ethnic group · Political science · Politics · Sociology · White supremacy · Anthropology · Critical Race Theory in Education · Gender Studies · History · Latin American and Latino Studies · Law · Race, History, and American Society

  • Beyond access

    Marcelo Correa Cavadinha Barbosa, Luciana Maria Maia et al.•Social Identities•2026

  • Barriers to entry

    D N Obinna, Adrian Bacong•Identities•2025

  • Citizenship and the American state

    D N Obinna•Social Identities•2024

  • Digging Up the Dead

    Michael Kammen, Michael G Kammen•Digging Up the Dead•2010

  • American Apartheid

    R T Schaefer•Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity,…•2008

  • What Blood Won't Tell

    Ariela Julie Gross•What Blood Won't Tell•2008

  • Whiteness as Property

    Cheryl I Harris•Harvard Law Review•1993

  • Performing Whiteness

    John Tehranian•The Yale Law Journal•2000

  • More Than Freedom

    Open Access•Heather Cooper•Civil War Book Review•2013

  • American While Black

    Niambi Michele Carter•American While Black•2019

  • White On Arrival

    Thomas A Guglielmo•White on arrival•2003

  • Defending the Master Race

    Jonathan Peter Spiro, Jonathan Spiro•Defending the Master Race•2009

  • White Scourge

    Neil Foley•White Scourge•1998

  • Race, Rights, and the Asian American Experience

    Angelo N Ancheta•Race, Rights, and the Asian…•2020

  • Black Reconstruction in America

    W E B Du Bois•Black Reconstruction in America•2017

  • Warring” Ideals

    Open Access•D N Obinna•Journal of African American Studies•2022

  • The Strange Career of the Illegal Alien

    Open Access•Mae M Ngai•Law and History Review•2003

  • The Lynching of Mexicans in the Texas Borderlands

    Trinidad Gonzales•Journal of American Ethnic History•2019

  • Theorizing Migration Policy

    Open Access•Christina Boswell•International Migration Review•2007

  • Beyond “White by Law”

    C Fox, I Bloemraad•Social Forces•2015

  • A race so different’

    Hoang Gia Phan•Labor History•2004

  • The Last Stand

    Richard B Sherman•The Journal of Southern History•1988

  • Defining America’s Racial Boundaries

    C Fox, Thomas A Guglielmo•American Journal of Sociology•2012

  • Immigration and the American Century

    Open Access•Charles Hirschman•Demography•2005

  • Rethinking Racism

    Eduardo Bonilla-Silva•American Sociological Review•1997

  • Transformation of Citizenship

    C Joppke•Citizenship Studies•2007

  • Categorically Unequal

    Open Access•Sandra Susan Smith•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•2008

  • The Politics of Black Citizenship

    Julie Winch•Journal of American History•2017

  • Citizenship and the American state

    D N Obinna•Social Identities•2024

  • Whiteness of a Different Color

    Matthew Frye Jacobson•Whiteness of a Different Color•1999

  • The Racial Triangulation of Asian Americans

    Open Access•Claire Jean Kim•Latin American Politics and Society•1999

  • A Sense of Place

    Open Access•D N Obinna•Journal of Black Studies•2024

  • Ethnicity, reception and the growth of American immigration

    D N Obinna•Ethnic and Racial Studies•2018

Unique citing works3
Citations per year1,5
Citation span2024 - 2026 (3)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 3
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