Understanding Concealable Stigmatized Identities
The Role of Identity in Psychological, Physical, and Behavioral Outcomes
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8074275 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Diane M Quinn (0000-0003-4492-7580, corresponding author), Valerie A Earnshaw (0000-0002-4147-3301) |
| Year | 2011 |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 160-190 |
| Publication date | 2011-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Social Issues and Policy Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1751-2395 • E-ISSN: 1751-2409 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1751-2409.2011.01029.x |
| OpenAlex | W1607725864 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 85 |
| References cited | 105 |
Concealable stigmatized identities (CSIs) are devalued social identities or attributes, such as mental illness, HIV+ status, and chronic illness, that can be kept concealed from others. We describe two components of a CSI—valenced content and magnitude—that we argue are critical in determining the impact of a CSI on psychological, physical, and behavioral health outcomes. Valenced content contains a range of both negative and positive beliefs about the CSI, including internalized stigma, experienced discrimination, anticipated stigma, disclosure reactions, and counterstereotypic/positive information. Magnitude of the identity captures the relative importance of the identity for the self via measures of centrality and salience. A review of the research literature finds initial support for the importance of valenced content and magnitude impacting psychological, physical, and behavioral outcomes, although many relationships are yet to be rigorously tested. We include a set of suggested policy implications aimed at reducing stigma among people with CSIs and, thereby, improving health
Attribution · Centrality · Cognitive psychology · Developmental psychology · Identity (music · Psychiatry · Salience (neuroscience · Set (abstract data type · Social group · Social identity theory · Stigma (botany · LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
Concealed Identities and Absent Fathers
Disclosure and concealment of stigmatized identities
The Intimate Partner Violence Stigmatization Model and Barriers to Help Seeking
Examining Effects of Anticipated Stigma, Centrality, Salience, Internalization, and Outness on Psychological Distress for People with Concealable Stigmatized Identities
A Resilience‐Disclosure Intervention for Managing Stigmatised North Korean Refugee Identity
The Negative Implications of Being Tolerated
Fear of Stigma Mediates the Relationship between Internalized Stigma and Treatment-Seeking among Individuals with Substance Use Problems
Multicomponent intervention to reduce internalized stigma in people with a diagnosis of severe mental disorder
Adolescents’ Disclosure of Mental Illness to Parents
Beneath the surface
Institutional social isolation and preventive health check-up attendance among public assistance recipients in Japan
Artificial Intelligence and Understanding in Medicine
“I will pray about it”
Exploring the Link Between Identity Avoidance and Perceived Self-Knowledge
The role of shame and spontaneous self-affirmation among people with concealable stigmatized identities
Protective and Compensatory Effects of Group Identification on the Mental Health of People Living with HIV
A Developmental Model of the Sexual Minority Closet
How Stigma Toward Anal Sexuality Promotes Concealment and Impedes Health-Seeking Behavior in the U.S. Among Cisgender Men Who Have Sex with Men
Disclosure Style and Response Engagement During Disclosures of Concealable Stigmatized Identities
Does Concealing a Sexual Minority Identity Prevent Exposure to Prejudice
Development and Evaluation of the Atheist Identity Concealment Scale (Aics)
The content and process of self-stigma in people with mental illness
Experiences of Stigma by Gay and Bisexual Men in Rural Oklahoma
Minority Stress, Emotion Regulation, and the Parenting of Sexual-Minority Youth
Anti-atheist discrimination, outness, and psychological distress among atheists of colour
Understanding the role of intersectional identity constructs on psychological well-being of Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) in San Diego, California
Beyond the Diagnosis
Gender differences in disclosure concerns and HIV-related quality of life
Self-in-love versus self-in-stigma
HIV-related stigma in a New York City sample of adults in outpatient care for HIV infection
The cost of anticipating stigma
Associations Between Sexual Orientation Dimensions and Cardiometabolic Diseases
Internalized stigma and self-stigma in people diagnosed with a mental disorder. One concept or two? A scoping review
“I Was Always Trying to Figure It Out… on My Own Terms”
Poverty Stigma
Unhealthy closets, discriminatory dwellings
Closets breed suspicion
Employees’ experiences of the stigma of HIV in a retail organisation
Testing the multicomponent ingroup identification model in diverse stigmatized groups
Building a social identity theory of stigmatized sexual practice
Free to fly the rainbow flag
Substance use and related problems among U.S. women who identify as mostly heterosexual
Experiences and perceptions of youth living with HIV in Western Uganda on school attendance
Internalized HIV and Drug Stigmas
The Anal Sex Stigma Scales
HIV Stigma and Physical Health Symptoms
HIV Stigma Mechanisms and Well-Being Among PLWH
Mechanisms of Action and Preliminary Impact of a Stigma-Mitigation Training to Enable Healthcare Discussions About Anal Pleasure and Health in China
Police crackdowns, structural violence and impact on the well-being of street cannabis users in a Nigerian city
Are You in, or Are You Out? Implications of Inclusion Criteria in Sexual Minority Health Disparities Research
Disability stereotyping is shaped by stigma characteristics
Perceptions of racial essentialism and social identity threat
Happiness and Capital
Understanding the Influence of Loneliness on HIV Risk Behavior in Young Men Who Have Sex with Men
What should I say? Online dating and disclosure experiences of adults with mental illness in long‐term romantic relationships
Determinants of legal disclosure intentions in academia
Internalized Stigma and Stigma-Related Isolation Predict Women’s Psychological Distress and Physical Health Symptoms Post-Abortion
Breaking Free”
Navigating non‐normative roles
When identity hurts
Demographic, Experiential, and Temporal Variation in Ableism
Disclosure in Cystic Fibrosis
The Moderating Role of Centrality on the Association Between Internalized Intimate Partner Violence‐Related Stigma and Concealment of Physical IPV
Identity Management Strategies for Workers with Concealable Disabilities
Managing threatened identities across everyday situations
Recognising recognition
Atheism as a Concealable Stigmatized Identity
Let’s Connect
Understanding the Association Between Mental Health Knowledge and Mental Health Service Utilization Among Black Adults
Health Disparities Among Common Subcultural Identities of Young Gay Men
Issue Introduction
Concealable Stigmatized Identities and Psychological Well‐Being
The Need for Understanding and Addressing Microaggressions in the Workplace
Discredited” Versus “Discreditable
Intersecting gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation identities and HIV stigma
Intersectional internalized stigma among Black gay and bisexual men
Out and healthy
Contact and role modeling predict bias against lesbian and gay individuals among early-career physicians
Masculine ideology and Black men who have sex with men's interest in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
A two-wave study on the health and relationship consequences of experienced stigma among individuals with concealable chronic health conditions
The impact of concealable chronic health conditions on college students' academic outcomes
In hiding? Multifaceted reactions of German Jews to the threat of antisemitism
PrideorCloset? Unpacking Experiences of Minority Stress, Coping, and Resistance among Gender and Sexual Minorities in India
The Invisibility of the Multiply Stigmatized Patient
Illness-related partner communication predicts better health, Covid, and social-contextual outcomes amid the Covid-19 pandemic
Mental illness stigma
Internalized stigma among sexual minority adults
Internalized stigma predicts erosion of morale among psychiatric outpatients
Hate Crimes and Stigma-Related Experiences Among Sexual Minority Adults in the United States
Reciprocal relations between rumination and bulimic, substance abuse, and depressive symptoms in female adolescents.
Minority stress predictors of HIV risk behavior, substance use, and depressive symptoms
Stigma and its public health implications
Stigma and Help Seeking for Mental Health Among College Students
Internalized stigma of mental illness
Stigma Management and Well-Being
Disclosure of sexual orientation and subsequent substance use and abuse among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths
Minority‐Specific Determinants of Mental Well‐Being Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youth
Caring, Control, and Clinicians' Influence
Racial residential segregation
Measuring stigma in people with HIV
The Psychology of Self-Affirmation
Self, Identity, Stress, and Mental Health
Handbook of Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination
Sensitivity to status-based rejection
The relationship between expressed HIV/Aids-related stigma and beliefs and knowledge about care and support of people living with Aids in families caring for HIV-infected children in Kenya
A meta-analysis of disclosure of one's HIV-positive status, stigma and social support
Intervention to train physicians in rural China on HIV/STI knowledge and risk reduction counseling
Validation of the HIV/Aids Stigma Instrument—PLWA (Hasi-P)
Measuring Aids stigmas in people living with HIV/Aids
Gay and Straight Possible Selves
Management of HIV-related stigma and adherence to Haart
A Multilevel Analysis of the Relationship Between Institutional and Individual Racial Discrimination and Health Status
A Multilevel Analysis of the Relationship Between Institutional and Individual Racial Discrimination and Health Status
Assessing HIV/Aids Stigma and Discrimination in Developing Countries
HIV/Aids Stigma
Development of Parallel Scales to Measure HIV-Related Stigma
The Effects of HIV Stigma on Health, Disclosure of HIV Status, and Risk Behavior of Homeless and Unstably Housed Persons Living with HIV
Impact of HIV-Related Stigma on Health Behaviors and Psychological Adjustment Among HIV-Positive Men and Women
Internalized Stigma Among People Living with HIV-Aids
Development of a Brief Scale to Measure Aids-Related Stigma in South Africa
Development and Psychometric Assessment of a Multidimensional Measure of Internalized HIV Stigma in a Sample of HIV-positive Adults
An ‘elephant in the room’? Stigma and hepatitis C transmission among HIV‐positive ‘serosorting’ gay men
Perceived discrimination and health
Making sense of the meaning literature
The Impact of Institutional Discrimination on Psychiatric Disorders in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Populations
How does intergroup contact reduce prejudice? Meta‐analytic tests of three mediators
Revealing Concealable Stigmatized Identities
Homosexual identity formation
Covering up what can't be seen
Stigma consciousness
Nimby localism and national inequitable exclusion alliances
Perceived Mental Illness Stigma and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Adult Psychiatric Outpatients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
African American Racial Identity Across the Lifespan
Interpersonal Perspectives on Black–White Health Disparities
Stigma, discrimination and the health of illicit drug users
Social stigma and self-esteem
Handbook of social psychology
Living with a concealable stigmatized identity
Concealable stigmas and positive self-perceptions
Perceived social support, self-efficacy, and adjustment to abortion
A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster
Relationship between social and personal identities
Multidimensional Model of Racial Identity
Understanding Labeling Effects in the Area of Mental Disorders
Nigrescence Theory
Examining attribution model of self-stigma on social support and psychological well-being among people with HIV+/Aids
Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations
Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/Aids in Cape Town, South Africa
Meta-analysis of stigma and mental health
HIV-related stigma
The disclosure processes model
How does sexual minority stigma "get under the skin"? A psychological mediation framework
The Impact of Stigma in Healthcare on People Living with Chronic Illnesses
Critical Delays in HIV Testing and Care
The Dimensionality of Stigma
Minority Stress and Mental Health in Gay Men
Racial Identity, Racial Discrimination, Perceived Stress, and Psychological Distress among African American Young Adults
Stress and Health
Conceptualizing Stigma
| Unique citing works | 85 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 6,07 |
| Citation span | 2012 - 2026 (15) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 84 |