Sarah E Hampson
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 190692 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Sarah E Hampson |
| NOMBRES | Sarah E |
| APELLIDO | Hampson |
| FIRMA | HAMPSON S E |
| AFILIACIONES | Oregon Research Institute |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 37 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 183 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 37 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1977 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2020 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
How our work influences who we are
The Health Behavior Checklist
This study examined the factor structure and predictive validity of the commonly used multidimensional Health Behavior Checklist. A three-factor structure was found in two community samples that included men and women. The new 16-item Good Health Practices scale and the original Wellness Maintenance scale were the only Health Behavior Checklist scales to be related to cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. While the other Health Behavior Chec…
A purposeful lifestyle is a healthful lifestyle
Having a purpose in life has been consistently linked to subjective and objective health markers. Using data from the Hawaii Study of Personality and Health ( n = 749, Mage = 60.1 years), we tested multiple health behaviors as unique mediators of the correlation between sense of purpose and self-rated health ( r = .29). Correlational analyses found that participants' sense of purpose was positively associated with their reports of vigorous and mo…
A New Twist on Old Questions
OBJECTIVE: We examine three cardinal concerns in personality psychology from a life span perspective: trait structure, trait stability, and trait mechanisms that account for the predictive utility of traits. We draw on previously published and new findings from the Hawaii Longitudinal Study of Personality and Health, as well as work by others. METHOD: The Hawaii study provides a unique opportunity to relate a comprehensive assessment of participa…
From elementary school to midlife
The current study uses a prospective, longitudinal design and lifespan perspective to understand how child personality relates to directly observed adult behavior during cognitive testing. Teacher assessments of child Big Five personality in elementary school were correlated with directly observed behaviors during a videotaped cognitive test four decades later. Past work suggested Openness and Conscientiousness may relate to task-relevant academi…
Lifetime trauma, personality traits, and health
Teen and adult trauma experience appears to be a hitherto unidentified mechanism in women underlying the association between conscientiousness and health. (PsycINFO Database Record
Integrating prospective longitudinal data
The present study used a collaborative framework to integrate 2 long-term prospective studies: the Terman Life Cycle Study and the Hawaii Personality and Health Longitudinal Study. Within a 5-factor personality-trait framework, teacher assessments of child personality were rationally and empirically aligned to establish similar factor structures across samples. Comparable items related to adult self-rated health, education, and alcohol use were h…
A new life-span approach to conscientiousness and health
Conscientiousness has been shown to predict healthy behaviors, healthy social relationships, and physical health and longevity. The causal links, however, are complex and not well elaborated. Many extant studies have used comparable measures for conscientiousness, and a systematic endeavor to build cross-study analyses for conscientiousness and health now seems feasible. Of particular interest are efforts to construct new, more comprehensive caus…
Personality stability from childhood to midlife
Trauma, socioeconomic resources, and self-rated health in an ethnically diverse adult cohort
These results suggest complex interrelations among trauma, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and physical health. Further understanding these relations may have implications for medical and behavioral interventions in vulnerable populations
Children and eating. Personality and gender are associated with obesogenic food consumption and overweight in 6- to 12-year-olds
Personality and substance use in midlife
On the Contextual Independence of Personality
The continuity of personality’s association with directly observed behavior is demonstrated across two contexts spanning four decades. During the 1960s, elementary school teachers rated personalities of members of the ethnically diverse Hawaii Personality and Health Cohort. The same individuals were interviewed in a medical clinic more than 40 years later. Trained coders viewed video recordings of a subset of these interviews ( N = 144; 68 female…
The relation of change in hostility and sociability during childhood to substance use in mid adolescence
Effects of ethnicity and socioeconomic status on body composition in an admixed, multiethnic population in Hawaii
This study determined ethnic differences in anthropometric measures of a sample of adults in Hawaii, examining the effects of differing degrees of ethnic admixing and socioeconomic status (SES) on the measures. Adults who had attended elementary school in Hawaii underwent anthropometric measurements and answered questionnaires about their educational attainment, income, age, cultural identity, ethnic ancestry, and health. Individuals reporting As…
A social marketing approach to improving the nutrition of low-income women and children
Objective To identify approaches for interventions to improve the nutrition of low-income women and children. Design Seven focus groups were conducted with low-income women caring for young children in their households. They discussed shopping, eating at home, eating out and healthy eating. The discussions were recorded and subjected to qualitative thematic analysis. Setting A semi-rural community in Oregon, USA. Subjects There were seventy-four …
Using Physiological Dysregulation to Assess Global Health Status
Six measures of physiological dysregulation were derived from 11 clinically assessed biomarkers, and related to health outcomes and health behaviors for the Hawaii Personality and Health cohort ( N = 470). Measures summing extreme scores at one tail of the biomarker distributions performed better than ones summing both tails, and continuous measures performed better than count scores. Health behaviors predicted men's dysregulation but not women's…
Family members' perspectives on potential discussions about life prolongation for their older relatives
Family members (or health-care confidants) of incapacitated patients are often consulted by doctors when making life-prolongation decisions. Little research has been conducted on confidants' views on life prolongation and advance care planning. This study investigated the health-care confidant's view on life prolongation and their involvement in being a potential decision-maker for their relatives in the event of incapacitation. Confidants (N = 1…
Mechanisms by which childhood personality traits influence adult health status
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test a life span health behavior model in which educational attainment and health behaviors (eating habits, smoking, and physical activity) were hypothesized as mechanisms to account for relations between teacher ratings of childhood personality traits and self-reported health status at midlife. DESIGN: The model was tested on 1,054 members of the Hawaii Personality and Health cohort, which is a populat…
Ethnic variation in depressive symptoms in a community sample in Hawaii
A modified CES-D was administered to a community sample of 176 European Americans (EA), 209 Native Hawaiians (NH), and 357 Japanese Americans (JA), yielding measures of depression, positive affect, depressed affect, somatic disturbance, and disturbed interpersonal relations. Positive affect was lower in JA relative to EA, consistent with findings among Native Japanese, a pattern attributed to cultural variation in emotion regulation. NH reported …
Trait stability and continuity in childhood
A first large cohort study of personality trait stability over the 40 years between elementary school and midlife
This report provides some initial findings from an investigation of the relations between childhood Big Five personality traits assessed by elementary school teachers and similar traits assessed 40 years later by self-reports at midlife (N = 799). Short-term (1-3 years) test-retest reliabilities were lower (.22-.53) in childhood when personality was developing than they were in adulthood (.70-.79) when personality stability should be at its peak.…
Dilemmas in decision-making about resuscitation-a focus group study of older people
Measuring the Big Five with single items using a bipolar response scale
The convergence on the Big Five in personality theory has produced a demand for efficient yet psychometrically sound measures. Therefore, five single‐item measures, using bipolar response scales, were constructed to measure the Big Five and evaluated in terms of their convergent and off‐diagonal divergent properties, their pattern of criterion correlations and their reliability when compared with four longer Big Five measures. In a combined sampl…
Where Are They Now? Locating Former Elementary-School Students after Nearly 40 Years for a Longitudinal Study of Personality and Health
A first large cohort study of personality trait stability over the 40 years between elementary school and midlife
This report provides some initial findings from an investigation of the relations between childhood Big Five personality traits assessed by elementary school teachers and similar traits assessed 40 years later by self-reports at midlife (N = 799). Short-term (1-3 years) test-retest reliabilities were lower (.22-.53) in childhood when personality was developing than they were in adulthood (.70-.79) when personality stability should be at its peak.…
Category breadth and hierarchical structure in personality
Trait breadth and hierarchical organization are central structural principles in personality theory and research. We assume that personality traits serve as categories of behavioral events, and we define the breadth of traits as the diversity of their behavioral manifestations. We show that trait breadth can be measured reliably both by ratings and by direct comparisons within trait pairs. We assess the hierarchical relations between traits diffe…
A new life-span approach to conscientiousness and health
Conscientiousness has been shown to predict healthy behaviors, healthy social relationships, and physical health and longevity. The causal links, however, are complex and not well elaborated. Many extant studies have used comparable measures for conscientiousness, and a systematic endeavor to build cross-study analyses for conscientiousness and health now seems feasible. Of particular interest are efforts to construct new, more comprehensive caus…
The basic level in personality-trait hierarchies
A person's behavior and experiences can be described at different levels of abstraction. For example, a person might be described as charitable, as generous, as kind, or as good. Is there a level in such a trait hierarchy that is particularly useful in personality descriptions? The present 4 studies show that there is indeed a general preference for a particular level; the size of this preference depends on the familiarity and likability of the t…
A purposeful lifestyle is a healthful lifestyle
Having a purpose in life has been consistently linked to subjective and objective health markers. Using data from the Hawaii Study of Personality and Health ( n = 749, Mage = 60.1 years), we tested multiple health behaviors as unique mediators of the correlation between sense of purpose and self-rated health ( r = .29). Correlational analyses found that participants' sense of purpose was positively associated with their reports of vigorous and mo…
Personality and substance use in midlife
Where Are They Now? Locating Former Elementary-School Students after Nearly 40 Years for a Longitudinal Study of Personality and Health
Integrating prospective longitudinal data
The present study used a collaborative framework to integrate 2 long-term prospective studies: the Terman Life Cycle Study and the Hawaii Personality and Health Longitudinal Study. Within a 5-factor personality-trait framework, teacher assessments of child personality were rationally and empirically aligned to establish similar factor structures across samples. Comparable items related to adult self-rated health, education, and alcohol use were h…
Personality stability from childhood to midlife
Ethnic variation in depressive symptoms in a community sample in Hawaii
A modified CES-D was administered to a community sample of 176 European Americans (EA), 209 Native Hawaiians (NH), and 357 Japanese Americans (JA), yielding measures of depression, positive affect, depressed affect, somatic disturbance, and disturbed interpersonal relations. Positive affect was lower in JA relative to EA, consistent with findings among Native Japanese, a pattern attributed to cultural variation in emotion regulation. NH reported …
Dilemmas in decision-making about resuscitation-a focus group study of older people
The Health Behavior Checklist
This study examined the factor structure and predictive validity of the commonly used multidimensional Health Behavior Checklist. A three-factor structure was found in two community samples that included men and women. The new 16-item Good Health Practices scale and the original Wellness Maintenance scale were the only Health Behavior Checklist scales to be related to cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. While the other Health Behavior Chec…
Trauma, socioeconomic resources, and self-rated health in an ethnically diverse adult cohort
These results suggest complex interrelations among trauma, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and physical health. Further understanding these relations may have implications for medical and behavioral interventions in vulnerable populations
Using Physiological Dysregulation to Assess Global Health Status
Six measures of physiological dysregulation were derived from 11 clinically assessed biomarkers, and related to health outcomes and health behaviors for the Hawaii Personality and Health cohort ( N = 470). Measures summing extreme scores at one tail of the biomarker distributions performed better than ones summing both tails, and continuous measures performed better than count scores. Health behaviors predicted men's dysregulation but not women's…
The relation of change in hostility and sociability during childhood to substance use in mid adolescence
Trait stability and continuity in childhood
When is an inconsistency not an inconsistency? Trait reconciliation in personality description and impression formation
Descriptions of the self and others include inconsistent traits. Two accounts of the process by which coherence is maintained in the face of trait inconsistency were compared. The descriptive overlap account predicts that, regardless of evaluation, traits are more likely to be reconciled when they refer to overlapping content domains. The evaluative balance account predicts that, regardless of descriptive content, traits are more likely to be rec…
Person memory
A model of the cognitive representation of personality traits is proposed in which traits are regarded as categories which are applied to situation‐specific action units composed of situational, behavioural and motivational attributes. Evidence to support the view that trait categories vary on a dimension of trait‐behaviour associatedness and that instances of trait categories vary in terms of prototypicality is presented. The power of the model …
Children and eating. Personality and gender are associated with obesogenic food consumption and overweight in 6- to 12-year-olds
From elementary school to midlife
The current study uses a prospective, longitudinal design and lifespan perspective to understand how child personality relates to directly observed adult behavior during cognitive testing. Teacher assessments of child Big Five personality in elementary school were correlated with directly observed behaviors during a videotaped cognitive test four decades later. Past work suggested Openness and Conscientiousness may relate to task-relevant academi…
Forming impressions from incongruent traits
The factors that affect the ease with which impressions are formed from incongruent trait pairs are investigated. In Experiments 1 and 2, trait pairs that were both descriptively and evaluatively congruent, as well as ones that were only evaluatively congruent, were found to be more imaginable and to be perceived as more frequently co-occurring than incongruent trait pairs. In Experiment 3, response latency provided a converging measure of ease o…
Personality Dimensions Differentiating Certain Groups of Abnormal Offenders From Non-Offenders
SARAH E. HAMPSON, PAUL KLINE; PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS DIFFERENTIATING CERTAIN GROUPS OF ABNORMAL OFFENDERS FROM NON-OFFENDERS, The British Journal of Crimin
Embarrassment in Dyadic Interaction
The effect of embarrassment upon dyadic interaction was studied in a semi-naturalistic setting. Subject pairs participated in an alternating question and answer session at one of two interactional distances (1 or 2 in), utilizing questions which increased in their intimacy content. A control group who had only non-intimate questions was also investigated. It was found that topic intimacy, but not interactional distance affected the embarrassment …
Person memory
A model of the cognitive representation of personality traits is proposed in which traits are regarded as categories which are applied to situation‐specific action units composed of situational, behavioural and motivational attributes. Evidence to support the view that trait categories vary on a dimension of trait‐behaviour associatedness and that instances of trait categories vary in terms of prototypicality is presented. The power of the model …
Trait ascription and depth of acquaintance
Traits as semantic categories
Kline (1984) has misunderstood the implications of the semantic category model of personality which allows for a reconciliation between conflicting views of the nature of traits and does not constitute an attack on trait theory. The criticisms of the experiments supporting the model are shown to be either unfounded or to require experimentation for their resolution
Category breadth and hierarchical structure in personality
Trait breadth and hierarchical organization are central structural principles in personality theory and research. We assume that personality traits serve as categories of behavioral events, and we define the breadth of traits as the diversity of their behavioral manifestations. We show that trait breadth can be measured reliably both by ratings and by direct comparisons within trait pairs. We assess the hierarchical relations between traits diffe…
Forming impressions from incongruent traits
The factors that affect the ease with which impressions are formed from incongruent trait pairs are investigated. In Experiments 1 and 2, trait pairs that were both descriptively and evaluatively congruent, as well as ones that were only evaluatively congruent, were found to be more imaginable and to be perceived as more frequently co-occurring than incongruent trait pairs. In Experiment 3, response latency provided a converging measure of ease o…
The basic level in personality-trait hierarchies
A person's behavior and experiences can be described at different levels of abstraction. For example, a person might be described as charitable, as generous, as kind, or as good. Is there a level in such a trait hierarchy that is particularly useful in personality descriptions? The present 4 studies show that there is indeed a general preference for a particular level; the size of this preference depends on the familiarity and likability of the t…
Enhancing Women's Partnership with Health Providers in Hormone Replacement Therapy Decision-Making
In the next two decades nearly 40 million women will reach menopause. The women now approaching menopause are different in a variety of ways from previous cohorts of women. More women are surviving to this age with better health and functioning. They are better educated and the first cohort of women to have been employed outside the home throughout most their adult years. This cohort of women expect more from the health care system. They want far…
Determinants of Inconsistent Personality Descriptions
The determinants of inconsistent trait use were examined in four studies that investigated the effects of personality domain, target, and trait features on the use of inconsistent trait pairs in descriptions of the self and others. Inconsistencies were defined as the endorsement of both poles of a descriptively and evaluatively antonymic trait pair from the same personality domain (e.g., “friendly” and “rude”). Across the first three studies, inc…
When is an inconsistency not an inconsistency? Trait reconciliation in personality description and impression formation
Descriptions of the self and others include inconsistent traits. Two accounts of the process by which coherence is maintained in the face of trait inconsistency were compared. The descriptive overlap account predicts that, regardless of evaluation, traits are more likely to be reconciled when they refer to overlapping content domains. The evaluative balance account predicts that, regardless of descriptive content, traits are more likely to be rec…
The summary of diabetes self-care activities measure
OBJECTIVE: To review reliability, validity, and normative data from 7 different studies, involving a total of 1,988 people with diabetes, and provide a revised version of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) measure. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The SDSCA measure is a brief self-report questionnaire of diabetes self-management that includes items assessing the following aspects of the diabetes regimen: general diet, specific diet,…
Where Are They Now? Locating Former Elementary-School Students after Nearly 40 Years for a Longitudinal Study of Personality and Health
Measuring the Big Five with single items using a bipolar response scale
The convergence on the Big Five in personality theory has produced a demand for efficient yet psychometrically sound measures. Therefore, five single‐item measures, using bipolar response scales, were constructed to measure the Big Five and evaluated in terms of their convergent and off‐diagonal divergent properties, their pattern of criterion correlations and their reliability when compared with four longer Big Five measures. In a combined sampl…
A first large cohort study of personality trait stability over the 40 years between elementary school and midlife
This report provides some initial findings from an investigation of the relations between childhood Big Five personality traits assessed by elementary school teachers and similar traits assessed 40 years later by self-reports at midlife (N = 799). Short-term (1-3 years) test-retest reliabilities were lower (.22-.53) in childhood when personality was developing than they were in adulthood (.70-.79) when personality stability should be at its peak.…
Dilemmas in decision-making about resuscitation-a focus group study of older people
Mechanisms by which childhood personality traits influence adult health status
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test a life span health behavior model in which educational attainment and health behaviors (eating habits, smoking, and physical activity) were hypothesized as mechanisms to account for relations between teacher ratings of childhood personality traits and self-reported health status at midlife. DESIGN: The model was tested on 1,054 members of the Hawaii Personality and Health cohort, which is a populat…
Ethnic variation in depressive symptoms in a community sample in Hawaii
A modified CES-D was administered to a community sample of 176 European Americans (EA), 209 Native Hawaiians (NH), and 357 Japanese Americans (JA), yielding measures of depression, positive affect, depressed affect, somatic disturbance, and disturbed interpersonal relations. Positive affect was lower in JA relative to EA, consistent with findings among Native Japanese, a pattern attributed to cultural variation in emotion regulation. NH reported …
Trait stability and continuity in childhood
Family members' perspectives on potential discussions about life prolongation for their older relatives
Family members (or health-care confidants) of incapacitated patients are often consulted by doctors when making life-prolongation decisions. Little research has been conducted on confidants' views on life prolongation and advance care planning. This study investigated the health-care confidant's view on life prolongation and their involvement in being a potential decision-maker for their relatives in the event of incapacitation. Confidants (N = 1…
Effects of ethnicity and socioeconomic status on body composition in an admixed, multiethnic population in Hawaii
This study determined ethnic differences in anthropometric measures of a sample of adults in Hawaii, examining the effects of differing degrees of ethnic admixing and socioeconomic status (SES) on the measures. Adults who had attended elementary school in Hawaii underwent anthropometric measurements and answered questionnaires about their educational attainment, income, age, cultural identity, ethnic ancestry, and health. Individuals reporting As…
A social marketing approach to improving the nutrition of low-income women and children
Objective To identify approaches for interventions to improve the nutrition of low-income women and children. Design Seven focus groups were conducted with low-income women caring for young children in their households. They discussed shopping, eating at home, eating out and healthy eating. The discussions were recorded and subjected to qualitative thematic analysis. Setting A semi-rural community in Oregon, USA. Subjects There were seventy-four …
Using Physiological Dysregulation to Assess Global Health Status
Six measures of physiological dysregulation were derived from 11 clinically assessed biomarkers, and related to health outcomes and health behaviors for the Hawaii Personality and Health cohort ( N = 470). Measures summing extreme scores at one tail of the biomarker distributions performed better than ones summing both tails, and continuous measures performed better than count scores. Health behaviors predicted men's dysregulation but not women's…
On the Contextual Independence of Personality
The continuity of personality’s association with directly observed behavior is demonstrated across two contexts spanning four decades. During the 1960s, elementary school teachers rated personalities of members of the ethnically diverse Hawaii Personality and Health Cohort. The same individuals were interviewed in a medical clinic more than 40 years later. Trained coders viewed video recordings of a subset of these interviews ( N = 144; 68 female…
The relation of change in hostility and sociability during childhood to substance use in mid adolescence
Psychology (34 obras) · Social Psychology (26 obras) · Personality (25 obras) · Personality Traits and Psychology (20 obras) · Big Five personality traits (19 obras) · Developmental psychology (17 obras) · Medicine (16 obras) · Trait (13 obras) · Clinical Psychology (11 obras) · Social Psychology (11 obras)