C Pfister
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 26161 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | C Pfister |
| NOMBRES | C |
| APELLIDO | Pfister |
| FIRMA | PFISTER C |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Bern |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5920-4468 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 45 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 43 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 45 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1935 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Climate, peace, and conflict—past and present
Concern has risen that current global warming and more frequent extreme events such as droughts and floods will increase conflict around the world. This concern has spurred both social science research on contemporary climate, peace, and conflict as well as research in the historical sciences on past climate, weather, warfare, and violence. This perspectives article compares these two fields of scholarship and examines how each may benefit the ot…
La traite négrière des ports du nord de la France. Seize nouveaux documents
The French Households’ Portfolio Through the Financial Almost Ideal Demand System
L’épargne-retraite
International audience
Les origines du stress climatique à l'échelle globale
This article looks at the when and why of the emergence of the current climate stress due to current rapid global warming. Coal-based primary industrialization has only slowly increased the rate of CO2. On the other hand, warming has been acceleration rapidly since the 1990s as a result of the massive emission of greenhouse gases since the late 1950s, caused by the flooding of the world market with cheap oil. This has paved the way for an ecologi…
Eingegangene Bücher
Les monnaies digitales, un nouvel univers
Cet article s’interroge sur la capacité des monnaies digitales à fournir une alternative aux moyens de paiement existants. Dans ce but, il en présente les principaux mécanismes, les usages, les risques et les limites. Ces risques militent pour la mise en place d’un cadre réglementaire minimal tandis que les limites posent la question de l’émission d’une monnaie digitale de banque centrale
Ladies first
Simulating crop yield losses in Switzerland for historical and present Tambora climate scenarios
Severe climatic anomalies in summer 1816, partly due to the eruption of Tambora in April 1815, contributed to delayed growth and poor harvests of important crops in Central Europe. Coinciding with adverse socio-economic conditions, this event triggered the last subsistence crisis in the western World. Here, we model reductions in potential crop yields for 1816 and 1817 and address the question, what impact a similar climatic anomaly would have to…
Nouvelle normale » ou « nouvelle orthodoxie »
L’article contraste deux approches des activités de banque centrale dans le sillage de la crise. Dans la première, dénommée « nouvelle normale », la stratégie de politique monétaire voit son domaine élargi pour s’étendre à des objectifs tels que la stabilité financière ou le plein-emploi. En outre, la cible d’inflation est relevée et les achats massifs d’actifs (AMA) sont retenus comme instrument standard de mise en œuvre de la politique monétair…
Did European temperatures in 1540 exceed present-day records
There is strong evidence that the year 1540 was exceptionally dry and warm in Central Europe. Here we infer 1540 summer temperatures from the number of dry days (NDDs) in spring (March–May) and summer (June–August) in 1540 derived from historical documentary evidence published elsewhere, and compare our estimates with present-day temperatures. We translate the NDD values into temperature distributions using a linear relationship between modeled t…
European summer temperatures since Roman times
The spatial context is criticalwhen assessing present-day climate anomalies, attributing them to potential forcings and making statements regarding their frequency and severity in a long-term perspective. Recent international initiatives have expanded the number of high-quality proxy-records and developed new statistical reconstruction methods. These advances allow more rigorous regional past temperature reconstructions and, in turn, the possibil…
Climate, History of
Abstracts of 53 rd Symposium of the Society for the Study of Human Biology celebrating the Human Biology of Jim Tanner held at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 13–15 December 2011
PROFFERED PAPERS Growth cessation is not the necessary norm during the final weeks of gestation Amanda Mummert1, Michelle Lampl1 & Philippe Jeanty2 1Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA 2Women's Ultrasound, Nashville, TN, USA Background: The cessation of growth in late gestation is considered to be a universal consequence of maternal constraint, limited by non-genetic and non-pathological influences that impact the flow …
Entre restitution et reconstruction
Social inequality and the biological standard of living
Edouard Mallet's early and almost forgotten study of the average height of Genevan conscripts in 1835
Kulturgeschichte des Klimas
Wolfgang Behringer discovered the attraction of climate history in his path-breaking investigation on witch-hunting and weather magic during the Little Ice Age (1995). His recent publication embraces the entire history of the earth, climate and mankind, from the Big Bang to the publication of the latest IPCC report in 2007. He focuses on Central and Western Europe, where he is most familiar with the literature, with side-glimpses of the situation…
Die ,,Katastrophenlücke“ des 20. Jahrhunderts und der Verlust traditionalen RisikobewusstseinsThe "Disaster Gap" of the 20th Century and the Loss of Traditional Disaster Memory
Von 1882 bis 1976 blieb die Schweiz von Naturkatastrophen weitge hend verschont. Diese ,,Katastrophenlücke“ trug dazu bei, dass Naturrisiken unterschätzt wurden. Nach der jüngsten Häufung von Naturkatastrophen ist eine neue, professionelle Risikokultur entstanden, die auch auf Wissen früherer Generationen zurückgreift.Natural hazards and disasters were a frequent experience for many traditional communities of Western and Central Europe. Yet, in S…
Climatic Extremes, Recurrent Crises and Witch Hunts
In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, continental Europe north of the Alps was afflicted by a 13-year cycle of frequent cold and rainy summers which was the result of a series of volcanic explosions in the tropics. The inclement weather led to recurrent subsistence crises and to multiple floods in the Alps following from extensive glacier advances. This article discusses the relationship between ‘climate’ and ‘history’ from the e…
Eva T oepfer , Alte Goldschmiedekunst in Luxembourg , musée national d'histoire et d'art, Luxembourg, 2004, 410 p
Historical Climatology In Europe – The State Of The Art
Durch Katastrophen klüger werden
Eseh Notepad
(Natur-)Katastrophe und Lernprozeß
Climatic Extremes, Recurrent Crises and Witch Hunts
In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, continental Europe north of the Alps was afflicted by a 13-year cycle of frequent cold and rainy summers which was the result of a series of volcanic explosions in the tropics. The inclement weather led to recurrent subsistence crises and to multiple floods in the Alps following from extensive glacier advances. This article discusses the relationship between ‘climate’ and ‘history’ from the e…
Winter air temperature variations in western Europe during the Early and High Middle Ages (AD 750–1300)
In this paper an attempt is made to reconstruct air temperature variations in winter (December, January and February) from 2500 documentary data over the period ad 750–1300 for a region comprising the Benelux countries, eastern France, western Germany, Switzerland and northern Italy. Anomalous (warm and cold) winters were classified on the basis of proxy information on frost, freezing of water bodies, duration of snowcover and untimely activity o…
The Little Ice Age
Climate and Economy in Eighteenth-Century Switzerland
Climate and Economy in Eighteenth-Century Switzerland Only recently have historians begun to analyze the relationship between climate and economy. Utterstroem's study represents one of the first attempts to examine systematically the effects of climatic fluctuations upon population changes. Le Roy Ladurie, in Times of Feast, Times of Famine, deals mainly with the physical aspect of climatic history, which is regarded as the basis for the study of…
Climate, peace, and conflict—past and present
Concern has risen that current global warming and more frequent extreme events such as droughts and floods will increase conflict around the world. This concern has spurred both social science research on contemporary climate, peace, and conflict as well as research in the historical sciences on past climate, weather, warfare, and violence. This perspectives article compares these two fields of scholarship and examines how each may benefit the ot…
Nouvelle normale » ou « nouvelle orthodoxie »
L’article contraste deux approches des activités de banque centrale dans le sillage de la crise. Dans la première, dénommée « nouvelle normale », la stratégie de politique monétaire voit son domaine élargi pour s’étendre à des objectifs tels que la stabilité financière ou le plein-emploi. En outre, la cible d’inflation est relevée et les achats massifs d’actifs (AMA) sont retenus comme instrument standard de mise en œuvre de la politique monétair…
Fluctuations climatiques et prix céréaliers en Europe du XVI e au XX e Siècle
Les économistes et les géographes, de Thomas W. Tooke à W. Stanley Jevons, Eduard Brückner, Ellsworth Huntington, Lord Beveridge et Eli Heckscher, des historiens tels que Jean Georgelin ou Michel Morineau, estiment que les cycles climatiques jouent un rôle important dans la vie économique par leurs répercussions sur les récoltes et leurs influences sur le niveau des prix. La théorie de Labrousse sur la conjoncture préindustrielle considère la réc…
Le Moyen Age. Tome Premier
Le Moyen Age. Tome Premier
Sizilien
No abstract available
Landschaftswandel im Bereich von Autobahnanschlüssen
This study deals mainly with the importance of the N 1-Highway as a factor in industrial site-decisions. Betv/een Bern-Wankdorf and Rothrist (58 km) 82 firms around 9 interchanges were interviewed. For 32 of which the highway was the main factor in site decision, for 20 it was only one among other factors influencing site selection. 30 firms depend in no way upon the N 1. Construction of 52 highways-influenced enterprises offers 3348 new Jobs; on…
Climate and Economy in Eighteenth-Century Switzerland
Climate and Economy in Eighteenth-Century Switzerland Only recently have historians begun to analyze the relationship between climate and economy. Utterstroem's study represents one of the first attempts to examine systematically the effects of climatic fluctuations upon population changes. Le Roy Ladurie, in Times of Feast, Times of Famine, deals mainly with the physical aspect of climatic history, which is regarded as the basis for the study of…
The Little Ice Age
Changes in Stability and Carrying Capacity of Lowland and Highland Agro-Systems in Switzerland in the Historical Past
Christian Pfister, Changes in Stability and Carrying Capacity of Lowland and Highland Agro-Systems in Switzerland in the Historical Past, Mountain Research and Development, Vol. 3, No. 3 (Aug., 1983), pp. 291-297
Veränderungen der Sommerwitterung im südlichen Mitteleuropa von 1270-1400 als Auftakt zum Gletscherhochstand der Neuzeit
Die sommerlichen Witterungsverhältnisse der Periode 1270–1400 sind mit Hilfe von radio-densitometrischen Daten und quellenkritisch evaluierten anthropogenen Aufzeichnungen rekonstruiert und zum Vorstoß des Aletschgletschers im 14. Jahrhundert in Beziehung gesetzt worden. Das Zusammenspiel der beiden Datentypen ist zunächst in der gut dokumentierten Periode 1525–1860 überprüft worden. Anschließend sind die Temperatur- und Niederschlagsverhältnisse…
Une rétrospective météorologique de l'Europe. Un système de reconstitution de l'évolution du temps et du climat en Europe depuis le Moyen Âge central
Christian Pfister. Une rétrospective météorologique de l'Europe. Un système de reconstitution de l'évolution du temps et du climat en Europe depuis le Moyen Age central. L'historien et le climatologue ont besoin de données concernant le climat : à partir de l'exemple Suisse, on montre comment il est possible d'enregistrer et d'homogénéiser toutes les sources disponibles antérieures à la mise en place des stations de mesure au XIXe siècle. Les sou…
Fluctuations climatiques et prix céréaliers en Europe du XVI e au XX e Siècle
Les économistes et les géographes, de Thomas W. Tooke à W. Stanley Jevons, Eduard Brückner, Ellsworth Huntington, Lord Beveridge et Eli Heckscher, des historiens tels que Jean Georgelin ou Michel Morineau, estiment que les cycles climatiques jouent un rôle important dans la vie économique par leurs répercussions sur les récoltes et leurs influences sur le niveau des prix. La théorie de Labrousse sur la conjoncture préindustrielle considère la réc…
Du SME à la monnaie unique
Vom EWS zur einheitlichen Wâhrung Eine Analyse der monetâren Aspekte des Vertrages Das EWS, mit dem seine Grùnder eine Zone wàhrungspolitischer Stabilitât in Europa schaffen wollten, hat die Konvergenz der europàischen Volkswirtschaften hin zu einem Wachstumsmodell mit geringer Inflationsrate wesentlich verstàrkt. Anfangs der neunziger Jahre stellte sich jedoch heraus, daB das Paritàtengitter des EWS mit den grundlegenden Wirtschaftsdaten einiger…
Das 1950er Syndrom Die Epochenschwelle der Mensch-Umwelt-Beziehung zwischen Industriegesellschaft und Konsumgesellschaft
What are the historical roots of our environmental problems? Against the widely held opinion which considers the transition from renewable to non-renewable resources in the industrial revolution to be fundamental in this respect, it is argued that the transition from coal to cheap petroleum from the 1950's was far more decisive. The classical coal-based industrial society in Europe was rather sustainable compared to the petroleum-based consumer s…
Climatic variations in western Europe and China, AD 1645-1715
Instrumental and proxy data series from historical archives are compared over the period of the Maunder Minimum (AD 1645-1715) for western Europe (central England, Paris and Switzerland) and China. Winters became colder and drier over the late seventeenth century in western Europe. In China, however, winters were coldest around AD 1650 and became warmer and stormier over the subsequent decades. A significant warming of winters is observed around …
Bevolkerungs-Geschichte und Historiche Demographie 1500-1800
Winter air temperature variations in western Europe during the Early and High Middle Ages (AD 750–1300)
In this paper an attempt is made to reconstruct air temperature variations in winter (December, January and February) from 2500 documentary data over the period ad 750–1300 for a region comprising the Benelux countries, eastern France, western Germany, Switzerland and northern Italy. Anomalous (warm and cold) winters were classified on the basis of proxy information on frost, freezing of water bodies, duration of snowcover and untimely activity o…
Interannual to century scale climate variability in the European Alps
Die Klimavariabilitat im europaischen Alpenraum auf der Zeitskala von Jahren bis Jahrhunderten Neue Zeitreihen von Proxydaten und friihen Instrumentenmessungen aus den Alpen erlauben eine prazisere Interpretation der Klimavariabilitat sowie der dahinter verborgenen Prozesse. Die Studie zeigt, daB wahrend Phasen mit unterschiedlichen Antriebscharakteristiken (forcings) des Klimasystems spezifische Temperatur- und Niederschlagsanomalien auftreten. …
Relations entre politique monétaire unique et politiques prudentielles
Alors que la stabilité financière prend une part croissante dans les préoccupations des banques centrales, des inquiétudes se sont exprimées face au rôle limité reconnu à la Banque centrale européenne (BCE) dans ce domaine. Il convient donc de s'efforcer de répondre à deux questions : la constitution de la zone euro contribue-t-elle à accroître le risque de système ? L'Eurosystème a-t-il les moyens de prévenir et de gérer efficacement une éventue…
Quelles alternatives à un prêteur international en dernier ressort
Comme il ne paraît ni souhaitable ni possible d’instituer un prêteur international en dernier ressort, il faut plutôt rechercher comment le cadre existant peut être aménagé pour pallier les défaillances des marchés internationaux de capitaux. Deux voies complémentaires sont à privilégier : l’implication du secteur privé et la réforme du Fonds monétaire international. Ce dernier est la seule institution en mesure de créer un système d’incitations …
(Natur-)Katastrophe und Lernprozeß
Nouvelle économie » et politique monétaire
L’émergence et la diffusion des technologies de l’information et de la communication ( TIC ) élèvent, dans des proportions et pour une durée incertaines, la croissance potentielle. Cette élévation et le ralentissement en partie transitoire de l’inflation qui l’accompagne sont caractérisés ici par l’expression de « nouvelle économie » ( NE ). La politique monétaire peut tirer parti de la NE pour abaisser son objectif d’inflation, si les anticipati…
"Nouvelle économie" et politique monétaire
Pfister Christian, Cette Gilbert. "Nouvelle économie" et politique monétaire. In: Revue économique, volume 53, n°3, 2002. pp. 669-677
"Nouvelle économie " et politique monétaire
Durch Katastrophen klüger werden
Eseh Notepad
Historical Climatology In Europe – The State Of The Art
Climatic Extremes, Recurrent Crises and Witch Hunts
In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, continental Europe north of the Alps was afflicted by a 13-year cycle of frequent cold and rainy summers which was the result of a series of volcanic explosions in the tropics. The inclement weather led to recurrent subsistence crises and to multiple floods in the Alps following from extensive glacier advances. This article discusses the relationship between ‘climate’ and ‘history’ from the e…
Geography (19 obras) · Political science (17 obras) · Tree-ring climate responses (13 obras) · Humanities (12 obras) · Art (10 obras) · Climatology (10 obras) · Economics (10 obras) · Geology (10 obras) · Climate change (9 obras) · Environmental Science (8 obras)