Ann K Blanc
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3594615 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Ann K Blanc |
| NOMBRES | Ann K |
| APELLIDO | Blanc |
| FIRMA | BLANC A K |
| AFILIACIONES | Population Council |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 29 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 374 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 29 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1991 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
The Validity of Women's Reports of Family Planning Service Quality in Cambodia and Kenya
Population‐based indicators of the coverage of key elements of high‐quality family planning services are tracked via household surveys with female respondents, yet little work has been done to establish their validity. We take advantage of existing data sets from Cambodia and Kenya to compare women's responses at exit interviews following a health facility visit against the observations of a trained third‐party observer during the visit. The resu…
Validating women’s reports of antenatal and postnatal care received in Bangladesh, Cambodia and Kenya
Background Global indicators for monitoring progress in maternal and newborn health have tended to rely on contact coverage indicators rather than the content of services received. As part of the effort to improve measurement of progress in maternal and newborn health, this study examines how accurately women can report on information and health interventions received during an antenatal or postnatal health consultation at health facilities in Ba…
Data Papers
The links between women’s employment and children at home
As fertility declines in low- and middle-income countries, the time women devote to childbearing and rearing may also be reduced. This shift has been described as one of the positive consequences of the demographic transition, as it opens opportunities for women to pursue educational and employment opportunities that were previously constrained by the demands of bearing and raising children. We estimate the numbers of children residing at home (w…
Women’s recall of maternal and newborn interventions received in the postnatal period
BACKGROUND: Despite the concentration of maternal and infant deaths in the early postnatal period, information on the content and quality of postnatal care interventions is not routinely collected in most low and middle-income countries. At present, data on the coverage of postnatal care interventions mostly rely on women's reports collected in household surveys, such as the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surv…
Validation studies for population-based intervention coverage indicators
BACKGROUND: Population-based intervention coverage indicators are widely used to track country and program progress in improving health and to evaluate health programs. Indicator validation studies that compare survey responses to a "gold standard" measure are useful to understand whether the indicator provides accurate information. The Improving Coverage Measurement (ICM) Core Group has developed and implemented a standard approach to validating…
Trends in the age at reproductive transitions in the developing world
Girls' school participation has expanded considerably in the developing world over the last few decades, a phenomenon expected to have substantial consequences for reproductive behaviour. Using Demographic and Health Survey data from 43 countries, this paper examines trends and differentials in the mean ages at three critical life-cycle events for young women: first sexual intercourse, first marriage, and first birth. We measure the extent to whi…
Can surveys of women accurately track indicators of maternal and newborn care? A validity and reliability study in Kenya
BACKGROUND: Tracking progress on maternal and newborn survival requires accurate information on the coverage of essential interventions. Despite widespread use, most indicators measuring maternal and newborn intervention coverage have not been validated. This study assessed the ability of women delivering in two Kenyan hospitals to recall critical elements of care received during the intrapartum and immediate postnatal period at two time points: …
Assessing the validity of indicators of the quality of maternal and newborn health care in Kenya
BACKGROUND: The measurement of progress in maternal and newborn health often relies on data provided by women in surveys on the quality of care they received. The majority of these indicators, however, including the widely tracked "skilled attendance at birth" indicator, have not been validated. We assess the validity of a large set of maternal and newborn health indicators that are included or have the potential to be included in population-base…
Myths and Misinformation
The almost 50 million young people aged 10–24 in Nigeria face many challenges to their sexual and reproductive health (SRH). MyQuestion is a platform that allows young people to ask SRH questions via text message. Trained counselors provide responses using a database of answers to frequently asked questions or customized replies. We analyze the content of more than 300,000 text messages received by the service since 2007 to address three question…
Commentary
Maternal morbidity
In safe motherhood programming in the developing world, insufficient attention has been given to maternal morbidity, which can extend well beyond childbirth. For every woman who dies of pregnancy-related causes, an estimated 20 women experience acute or chronic morbidity. Maternal morbidity adversely affects families, communities and societies. Maternal morbidity has multiple causes, with duration ranging from acute to chronic, severity ranging f…
Why Aren’t There More Maternal Deaths? A Decomposition Analysis
Globally, the number of maternal deaths remains large, and the risk per birth is high in the developing world. Deaths declined between 1990 and 2008, despite the 42% increase in women. We decompose selected determinants to help explain the decline. Numbers of women, births, and fertility rates come from the UN; maternal mortality ratios are from the UN and from Hogan et al. Decomposition isolates the effects of additional women, decreases in fert…
Patterns and Trends in Adolescents' Contraceptive Use and Discontinuation in Developing Countries and Comparisons With Adult Women
Demographic and Health Survey data from more than 40 countries were used to examine the proportions of 15- to 19-year-old women who are currently married or are unmarried but sexually active; their rates of contraceptive adoption current use discontinuation method switching and contraceptive failure; trends in these indicators; and comparisons with older women. In many countries the proportion of adolescent women using contraceptives increased su…
Skilled Care at Birth in the Developing World
Skilled attendance at delivery is one of the key indicators to reflect progress toward the Millennium Development Goal of improving maternal health. This paper assesses global progress in the use of skilled attendants at delivery and identifies factors that could assist in achieving Millennium Development Goals for maternal health. National data covering a substantial proportion of all developing country births were used for the estimation of tre…
The Changing Context of Sexual Initiation in sub-Saharan Africa
The Dilemma of Past Success
Many observers believe that the international family planning movement has played a significant role in reducing fertility levels and slowing population growth in the developing world. Yet the perceived success of family planning programs recently has led some researchers to formulate questions about their relevance and future place on the development policy agenda. Within a framework derived from the sociological literature on social movements, …
The Role of Conflict in the Rapid Fertility Decline in Eritrea and Prospects for the Future
The large fertility decline observed in Eritrea between the mid‐1990s and the early part of the new century is examined using data from two detailed national household surveys. Little evidence is found that this decrease infertility signals the beginning of a sustained decline. Rather, the results indicate that one of the outcomes of the military mobilization and displacement associated with the 1998–2000 border conflict with Ethiopia was a steep…
Greater Than Expected Fertility Decline in Ghana
This study examines fertility decline that is larger than expected on the basis of recorded increases in contraceptive prevalence in Ghana. The primary sources of data are three Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in the country in 1988, 1993 and 1998. First, the trend in fertility and contraceptive prevalence in Ghana is considered and compared with the trend that would be expected on the basis of prior research. Next, an attempt is m…
Monitoring Contraceptive Continuation
This study examines the fertility consequences of contraceptive discontinuation, describes cross‐national variation in continuation rates, and assesses the usefulness of the contraceptive discontinuation rate as a summary outcome indicator of quality of care. In the 15 countries included in this analysis, the total fertility rate would be between 28 and 64 percent lower if the births following discontinuations that were not the result of a desire…
The Effect of Power in Sexual Relationships on Sexual and Reproductive Health
This article reviews what has been learned to date about the role of gender‐based power in sexual relationships in determining sexual and reproductive health outcomes. A framework for assessing the relationship between power relations and reproductive health is outlined and measurement issues are critically discussed. A summary is included of the main types of intervention approaches that have been implemented, as are a discussion of the programm…
Who decides? Women's status and negotiation of sex in Uganda
Women's ability to negotiate the timing and conditions of sex with their partners is central to their ability to control a variety of reproductive health outcomes. Focus group discussions and survey data from 1356 women and their regular male partners in two districts in Uganda were analysed to explore the nature of sexual negotiation and to test hypotheses about the influence of women's work and marriage institutions on norms and behaviour regar…
The Role of Couple Negotiation in Unmet Need for Contraception and the Decision to Stop Childbearing in Uganda
This study uses survey and focus‐group data from the 1995–96 Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes study in Uganda to describe the nature of the decision to stop childbearing and to question the simplifying assumption of consensus decisionmaking implicit in much demographic research on unmet need. Negotiation is characterized in four stages, from normative precedent for decisionmaking to communication, disagreement, and conflict resolution. Indirect …
Sexual Behavior and Contraceptive Knowledge and Use among Adolescents in Developing Countries
This article offers an overview of sexual behavior and contraceptive knowledge and use among adolescent women across a large number of developing countries. The results demonstrate that almost universally in sub-Saharan Africa and in the majority of countries in other regions, the gap between age at first sexual intercourse and age at first marriage has increased across age cohorts. The predominant pattern is one in which both age at marriage and…
Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes in Uganda
This is a valuable study not only because of what it tells us about how couples reproduction in Uganda but more importantly because of its insights about the complexities that surround sexual relationships in all societies, as well as the example it sets for future research in this area. Further analyses are planned and much sophisticated analysis will be possible with the data that have been collected. The full text of the survey instruments, wh…
The Effect of Power in Sexual Relationships on Sexual and Reproductive Health
This article reviews what has been learned to date about the role of gender‐based power in sexual relationships in determining sexual and reproductive health outcomes. A framework for assessing the relationship between power relations and reproductive health is outlined and measurement issues are critically discussed. A summary is included of the main types of intervention approaches that have been implemented, as are a discussion of the programm…
Children's Schooling in sub-Saharan Africa
Multinomial logistic regression techniques are used to estimate personal and familial determinants of childrens participation and progress in school in seven sub-Saharan African countries. Data are obtained from Demographic and Health Surveys for Kenya and Tanzania Cameroon and Niger and Malawi Namibia and Zambia. Findings indicate that most 10-14 year olds were currently enrolled in school with the exception of Niger. However few in this age gro…
Trends in the age at reproductive transitions in the developing world
Girls' school participation has expanded considerably in the developing world over the last few decades, a phenomenon expected to have substantial consequences for reproductive behaviour. Using Demographic and Health Survey data from 43 countries, this paper examines trends and differentials in the mean ages at three critical life-cycle events for young women: first sexual intercourse, first marriage, and first birth. We measure the extent to whi…
The Changing Context of Sexual Initiation in sub-Saharan Africa
Sexual Behavior and Contraceptive Knowledge and Use among Adolescents in Developing Countries
This article offers an overview of sexual behavior and contraceptive knowledge and use among adolescent women across a large number of developing countries. The results demonstrate that almost universally in sub-Saharan Africa and in the majority of countries in other regions, the gap between age at first sexual intercourse and age at first marriage has increased across age cohorts. The predominant pattern is one in which both age at marriage and…
The Role of Conflict in the Rapid Fertility Decline in Eritrea and Prospects for the Future
The large fertility decline observed in Eritrea between the mid‐1990s and the early part of the new century is examined using data from two detailed national household surveys. Little evidence is found that this decrease infertility signals the beginning of a sustained decline. Rather, the results indicate that one of the outcomes of the military mobilization and displacement associated with the 1998–2000 border conflict with Ethiopia was a steep…
The Role of Couple Negotiation in Unmet Need for Contraception and the Decision to Stop Childbearing in Uganda
This study uses survey and focus‐group data from the 1995–96 Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes study in Uganda to describe the nature of the decision to stop childbearing and to question the simplifying assumption of consensus decisionmaking implicit in much demographic research on unmet need. Negotiation is characterized in four stages, from normative precedent for decisionmaking to communication, disagreement, and conflict resolution. Indirect …
Monitoring Contraceptive Continuation
This study examines the fertility consequences of contraceptive discontinuation, describes cross‐national variation in continuation rates, and assesses the usefulness of the contraceptive discontinuation rate as a summary outcome indicator of quality of care. In the 15 countries included in this analysis, the total fertility rate would be between 28 and 64 percent lower if the births following discontinuations that were not the result of a desire…
The Dilemma of Past Success
Many observers believe that the international family planning movement has played a significant role in reducing fertility levels and slowing population growth in the developing world. Yet the perceived success of family planning programs recently has led some researchers to formulate questions about their relevance and future place on the development policy agenda. Within a framework derived from the sociological literature on social movements, …
Coitus and Contraception
The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program has included several questions on sexual intercourse in its model questionnaires that have been used in more than 25 surveys in Latin America, Africa, and Asia over the last five years. This article assesses the quality of the data on sexual intercourse for 12 DHS surveys and shows how these data may be useful for understanding contraceptive use dynamics and for organizing the management of family …
The links between women’s employment and children at home
As fertility declines in low- and middle-income countries, the time women devote to childbearing and rearing may also be reduced. This shift has been described as one of the positive consequences of the demographic transition, as it opens opportunities for women to pursue educational and employment opportunities that were previously constrained by the demands of bearing and raising children. We estimate the numbers of children residing at home (w…
Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes in Uganda
In Uganda, the Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes study is investigating the nature of negotiation within sexual unions. Data were gathered from focus groups held in the Masaka and Lira districts during February and March 1995 and during surveys of women aged 20-44 and their male partners carried out from October 1995 to February 1996. The data suggest that much of the bargaining and negotiating that occurs is indirect and nonverbal and, thus, lea…
The Validity of Women's Reports of Family Planning Service Quality in Cambodia and Kenya
Population‐based indicators of the coverage of key elements of high‐quality family planning services are tracked via household surveys with female respondents, yet little work has been done to establish their validity. We take advantage of existing data sets from Cambodia and Kenya to compare women's responses at exit interviews following a health facility visit against the observations of a trained third‐party observer during the visit. The resu…
Myths and Misinformation
The almost 50 million young people aged 10–24 in Nigeria face many challenges to their sexual and reproductive health (SRH). MyQuestion is a platform that allows young people to ask SRH questions via text message. Trained counselors provide responses using a database of answers to frequently asked questions or customized replies. We analyze the content of more than 300,000 text messages received by the service since 2007 to address three question…
The Demographic Transition in Southern Africa
The findings of Thomas and Muvandi about overstatement of fertility decline in Botswana and Zimbabwe are questionable when appropriate methodology is employed. The reexamination of evidence on fertility decline in Botswana and Zimbabwe shows that educational distributions in 1984 and 1988 did not differ statistically and significantly and that the mean number of children ever born was by standardizing the educational distribution in each survey. …
Coitus and Contraception
The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program has included several questions on sexual intercourse in its model questionnaires that have been used in more than 25 surveys in Latin America, Africa, and Asia over the last five years. This article assesses the quality of the data on sexual intercourse for 12 DHS surveys and shows how these data may be useful for understanding contraceptive use dynamics and for organizing the management of family …
The Demographic Transition in Southern Africa
The findings of Thomas and Muvandi about overstatement of fertility decline in Botswana and Zimbabwe are questionable when appropriate methodology is employed. The reexamination of evidence on fertility decline in Botswana and Zimbabwe shows that educational distributions in 1984 and 1988 did not differ statistically and significantly and that the mean number of children ever born was by standardizing the educational distribution in each survey. …
Children's Schooling in sub-Saharan Africa
Multinomial logistic regression techniques are used to estimate personal and familial determinants of childrens participation and progress in school in seven sub-Saharan African countries. Data are obtained from Demographic and Health Surveys for Kenya and Tanzania Cameroon and Niger and Malawi Namibia and Zambia. Findings indicate that most 10-14 year olds were currently enrolled in school with the exception of Niger. However few in this age gro…
Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes in Uganda
In Uganda, the Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes study is investigating the nature of negotiation within sexual unions. Data were gathered from focus groups held in the Masaka and Lira districts during February and March 1995 and during surveys of women aged 20-44 and their male partners carried out from October 1995 to February 1996. The data suggest that much of the bargaining and negotiating that occurs is indirect and nonverbal and, thus, lea…
Sexual Behavior and Contraceptive Knowledge and Use among Adolescents in Developing Countries
This article offers an overview of sexual behavior and contraceptive knowledge and use among adolescent women across a large number of developing countries. The results demonstrate that almost universally in sub-Saharan Africa and in the majority of countries in other regions, the gap between age at first sexual intercourse and age at first marriage has increased across age cohorts. The predominant pattern is one in which both age at marriage and…
Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes in Uganda
This is a valuable study not only because of what it tells us about how couples reproduction in Uganda but more importantly because of its insights about the complexities that surround sexual relationships in all societies, as well as the example it sets for future research in this area. Further analyses are planned and much sophisticated analysis will be possible with the data that have been collected. The full text of the survey instruments, wh…
Who decides? Women's status and negotiation of sex in Uganda
Women's ability to negotiate the timing and conditions of sex with their partners is central to their ability to control a variety of reproductive health outcomes. Focus group discussions and survey data from 1356 women and their regular male partners in two districts in Uganda were analysed to explore the nature of sexual negotiation and to test hypotheses about the influence of women's work and marriage institutions on norms and behaviour regar…
The Role of Couple Negotiation in Unmet Need for Contraception and the Decision to Stop Childbearing in Uganda
This study uses survey and focus‐group data from the 1995–96 Negotiating Reproductive Outcomes study in Uganda to describe the nature of the decision to stop childbearing and to question the simplifying assumption of consensus decisionmaking implicit in much demographic research on unmet need. Negotiation is characterized in four stages, from normative precedent for decisionmaking to communication, disagreement, and conflict resolution. Indirect …
The Effect of Power in Sexual Relationships on Sexual and Reproductive Health
This article reviews what has been learned to date about the role of gender‐based power in sexual relationships in determining sexual and reproductive health outcomes. A framework for assessing the relationship between power relations and reproductive health is outlined and measurement issues are critically discussed. A summary is included of the main types of intervention approaches that have been implemented, as are a discussion of the programm…
Greater Than Expected Fertility Decline in Ghana
This study examines fertility decline that is larger than expected on the basis of recorded increases in contraceptive prevalence in Ghana. The primary sources of data are three Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in the country in 1988, 1993 and 1998. First, the trend in fertility and contraceptive prevalence in Ghana is considered and compared with the trend that would be expected on the basis of prior research. Next, an attempt is m…
Monitoring Contraceptive Continuation
This study examines the fertility consequences of contraceptive discontinuation, describes cross‐national variation in continuation rates, and assesses the usefulness of the contraceptive discontinuation rate as a summary outcome indicator of quality of care. In the 15 countries included in this analysis, the total fertility rate would be between 28 and 64 percent lower if the births following discontinuations that were not the result of a desire…
The Role of Conflict in the Rapid Fertility Decline in Eritrea and Prospects for the Future
The large fertility decline observed in Eritrea between the mid‐1990s and the early part of the new century is examined using data from two detailed national household surveys. Little evidence is found that this decrease infertility signals the beginning of a sustained decline. Rather, the results indicate that one of the outcomes of the military mobilization and displacement associated with the 1998–2000 border conflict with Ethiopia was a steep…
The Dilemma of Past Success
Many observers believe that the international family planning movement has played a significant role in reducing fertility levels and slowing population growth in the developing world. Yet the perceived success of family planning programs recently has led some researchers to formulate questions about their relevance and future place on the development policy agenda. Within a framework derived from the sociological literature on social movements, …
The Changing Context of Sexual Initiation in sub-Saharan Africa
Skilled Care at Birth in the Developing World
Skilled attendance at delivery is one of the key indicators to reflect progress toward the Millennium Development Goal of improving maternal health. This paper assesses global progress in the use of skilled attendants at delivery and identifies factors that could assist in achieving Millennium Development Goals for maternal health. National data covering a substantial proportion of all developing country births were used for the estimation of tre…
Patterns and Trends in Adolescents' Contraceptive Use and Discontinuation in Developing Countries and Comparisons With Adult Women
Demographic and Health Survey data from more than 40 countries were used to examine the proportions of 15- to 19-year-old women who are currently married or are unmarried but sexually active; their rates of contraceptive adoption current use discontinuation method switching and contraceptive failure; trends in these indicators; and comparisons with older women. In many countries the proportion of adolescent women using contraceptives increased su…
Why Aren’t There More Maternal Deaths? A Decomposition Analysis
Globally, the number of maternal deaths remains large, and the risk per birth is high in the developing world. Deaths declined between 1990 and 2008, despite the 42% increase in women. We decompose selected determinants to help explain the decline. Numbers of women, births, and fertility rates come from the UN; maternal mortality ratios are from the UN and from Hogan et al. Decomposition isolates the effects of additional women, decreases in fert…
Maternal morbidity
In safe motherhood programming in the developing world, insufficient attention has been given to maternal morbidity, which can extend well beyond childbirth. For every woman who dies of pregnancy-related causes, an estimated 20 women experience acute or chronic morbidity. Maternal morbidity adversely affects families, communities and societies. Maternal morbidity has multiple causes, with duration ranging from acute to chronic, severity ranging f…
Commentary
Can surveys of women accurately track indicators of maternal and newborn care? A validity and reliability study in Kenya
BACKGROUND: Tracking progress on maternal and newborn survival requires accurate information on the coverage of essential interventions. Despite widespread use, most indicators measuring maternal and newborn intervention coverage have not been validated. This study assessed the ability of women delivering in two Kenyan hospitals to recall critical elements of care received during the intrapartum and immediate postnatal period at two time points: …
Assessing the validity of indicators of the quality of maternal and newborn health care in Kenya
BACKGROUND: The measurement of progress in maternal and newborn health often relies on data provided by women in surveys on the quality of care they received. The majority of these indicators, however, including the widely tracked "skilled attendance at birth" indicator, have not been validated. We assess the validity of a large set of maternal and newborn health indicators that are included or have the potential to be included in population-base…
Myths and Misinformation
The almost 50 million young people aged 10–24 in Nigeria face many challenges to their sexual and reproductive health (SRH). MyQuestion is a platform that allows young people to ask SRH questions via text message. Trained counselors provide responses using a database of answers to frequently asked questions or customized replies. We analyze the content of more than 300,000 text messages received by the service since 2007 to address three question…
Trends in the age at reproductive transitions in the developing world
Girls' school participation has expanded considerably in the developing world over the last few decades, a phenomenon expected to have substantial consequences for reproductive behaviour. Using Demographic and Health Survey data from 43 countries, this paper examines trends and differentials in the mean ages at three critical life-cycle events for young women: first sexual intercourse, first marriage, and first birth. We measure the extent to whi…
Women’s recall of maternal and newborn interventions received in the postnatal period
BACKGROUND: Despite the concentration of maternal and infant deaths in the early postnatal period, information on the content and quality of postnatal care interventions is not routinely collected in most low and middle-income countries. At present, data on the coverage of postnatal care interventions mostly rely on women's reports collected in household surveys, such as the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surv…
Validation studies for population-based intervention coverage indicators
BACKGROUND: Population-based intervention coverage indicators are widely used to track country and program progress in improving health and to evaluate health programs. Indicator validation studies that compare survey responses to a "gold standard" measure are useful to understand whether the indicator provides accurate information. The Improving Coverage Measurement (ICM) Core Group has developed and implemented a standard approach to validating…
Population (26 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (20 obras) · Demography (19 obras) · Sociology (18 obras) · Economic growth (15 obras) · Medicine (15 obras) · Environmental health (13 obras) · Developing country (12 obras) · Economics (12 obras) · Political science (12 obras)