Calum Jr Webb
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4238596 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Calum Jr Webb |
| NOMBRES | Calum Jr |
| APELLIDO | Webb |
| FIRMA | WEBB C J |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Sheffield |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7521-2110 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 28 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 269 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 28 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2006 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Place-based inequalities in children’s safeguarding referrals
Criminal justice system outcomes of children with child welfare service involvement and special educational needs
Children in youth justice systems are disproportionately likely to have special educational needs and prior child welfare interventions. This study examined the odds of criminal justice involvement among children in England (N = 1,708,565) born between 1995 and 1998, using linked education and justice records. Across nine of eleven SEN categories, children with a child welfare intervention had higher odds of a criminal caution or conviction (OR =…
Factors associated with the school exclusion gap for children with social work involvement
Children who receive social care services are known to have higher exclusion rates than those without social care involvement. However, there is limited evidence on which groups of children are most at risk of this exclusion gap. This article reports on a retrospective analysis of administrative data from the National Pupil Database in England, covering two age-based cohorts of children (n = 1.2 million) who took standardized tests in 2019. Child…
Neighbourhood differences in the rates of criminal cautions and convictions for children in the care system
Intervention Pathways following a Social Work Assessment
The majority of children referred to social care services in England go on to receive a statutory assessment by a social worker. Research has identified consistent categories of demand based on the needs identified in assessments. However, little is known about the relationship between children’s assessed needs and their subsequent intervention pathways. To explore this relationship, secondary analysis was undertaken of a national administrative …
Predictors of re-referral to children’s social care services
Monitoring a Fragile Child Protection System
Child protection systems monitoring is key to ensuring children's wellbeing. In England, monitoring is rooted in onsite inspection, culminating in judgements ranging from 'outstanding' to 'inadequate'. But inspection may carry unintended consequences where child protection systems are weak. One potential consequence is increased child welfare intervention rates. In this longitudinal ecological study of local authorities in England, we used Poisso…
Categorising Demand for Child Welfare Services Using Latent Class Analysis
In England, administrative data on children’s needs are recorded following a social work assessment. These data are typically used to understand prevalence of individual risk factors and to inform processes, such as the work of local safeguarding partners and multi-agency services. However, reporting individual factors at assessment cannot capture the complexity and heterogeneity of multiple and overlapping needs. This study aimed to identify com…
In Defence of Ordinary Help
Randomised controlled trials are often inappropriate for many forms of preventative children's services; as such, observational studies using administrative data can be valuable for evidence-based policymaking. However, estimates of effectiveness can be confounded by differences in thresholds of intervention and national policies that exert pressure on local trends. This study adjusted for these factors using methods developed in clinical psychol…
More Money, More Problems? Addressing the Funding Conditions Required for Rights-Based Child Welfare Services in England
Policymakers and academics continue to debate the criteria used in formulas to allocate funding to children’s services, but few studies have considered how well the results of these formulas align with rights-based entitlements and commitments after implementation. This research measured correspondence between local authority spending per child and levels of income deprivation, special educational needs, and child development from 2011–2019 to as…
Austerity, Poverty, and Children’s Services Quality in England
In England, the dominant policy narrative recognises no association between spending on children’s services and quality and a limited association between quality and deprivation. We combined 374 inspection outcomes between 2011 and 2019 with data on preventative and safeguarding expenditure and Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) scores. A multilevel logistic regression model predicting ‘good’ or ‘outstanding’ judgements suggests each £100 incr…
The differential association of socioeconomic vulnerabilities and neglect-related child protection involvement across geographies
Visualising Children’s Services Data
The most deprived ten per cent of neighbourhoods in England have a ten times higher rate of children in the care system than the least deprived 10 per cent, and a 12 times higher rate of child protection plans Levels of deprivation, income inequality, higher education, and ethic density can explain almost 75 per cent of the variation in local authority rates of children in care Between 2010 and 2015, a rise in expenditure required to sustain a gr…
Funding for preventative Children’s Services and rates of children becoming looked after
Children in care face adverse health outcomes, throughout the life-course, relative to the general population. In England, over the last decade, the rate of children entering care has increased. The rate of change differs markedly for older and younger children, who may also experience different preventative services. These services have been subject to inequitable spending reductions due to fiscal policies trailing the 2008 recession. To assess …
Income inequality and child welfare interventions in England and Wales
Background Previous research has identified a relationship between income inequality and child abuse and neglect in the USA. This association has received limited exploration outside the USA. Methods Administrative data on child protection (CP) in 172 English and Welsh local authorities between 2013 and 2018 were combined with data on deprivation, ethnic density and education from publicly available data sources. Commercial income data were used …
Beyond the Toxic Trio
Demand for children’s social care is often conflated with rates of intervention and associated with a limited constellation of parental risk factors. This article reports on a more comprehensive picture of demand obtained through a quantitative study of child welfare interventions in England. Longitudinal child-level data were combined from children’s social care services in six English local authorities over a four-year period (2015–2018). Laten…
Understanding out of Home Care Rates in Northern Ireland
Research exploring inequalities in UK child welfare interventions has produced counter-intuitive findings with respect to Northern Ireland (NI). Despite experiencing the highest levels of deprivation, NI also displays the lowest rates of children in care of all the UK nations. With reference to wider evidence in the field of child welfare inequalities, this article details the findings of two exploratory mixed methods case studies, located within…
Untangling child welfare inequalities and the ‘Inverse Intervention Law’ in England
Cuts both ways
Toward Full Integration of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in Case Study Research
Delineation of the full integration of quantitative and qualitative methods throughout all stages of multisite mixed methods case study projects remains a gap in the methodological literature. This article offers advances to the field of mixed methods by detailing the application and integration of mixed methods throughout all stages of one such project; a study of child welfare inequalities. By offering a critical discussion of site selection an…
Paradoxical evidence on ethnic inequities in child welfare
Exploring the declining rates of state social work intervention in an English local authority using Family Group Conferences
Over the last decade England has seen rising numbers and rates of children in care and subject to child protection intervention. This article draws on national data and quantitative data from a study of ‘City’, a local authority in the north of England with a large Family Group Conference service. In distinction to national trends, City has seen substantial declines in the numbers and rates of children in care and who are subject to child protect…
‘When you're sitting in the room with two people one of whom… has bashed the hell out of the other’
Domestic violence continues to be a primary reason for referrals to state child welfare services in advanced industrialised countries. There is growing concern in many state child welfare services to develop responses to it that are both more effective and more humane. The use of restorative approaches, in particular Family Group Conferences (FGCs), has been suggested as one such response. This article draws from data gathered from an evaluation …
Social work, poverty, and child welfare interventions
The relationship between children's material circumstances and child abuse and neglect raises a series of questions for policy, practice, and practitioners. Children and families in poverty are significantly more likely to be the subject of state intervention. This article, based on a unique mixed‐methods study of social work interventions and the influence of poverty, highlights a narrative from practitioners that argues that, as many poor famil…
Austerity, rationing and inequity
This article investigates local authority (LA) trends in expenditure on Children’s and Young Peoples’ services in England between 2010 and 2015, a period of government characterised by measures of fiscal austerity. We draw on a rationing framework to contextualise the levels and trends in expenditure under observation. The article analyses trends in various groupings of expenditure, using a latent growth modelling approach to identify significant…
Inequalities in English child protection practice under austerity
The role that area deprivation, family poverty, and austerity policies play in the demand for and supply of children's services has been a contested issue in England in recent years. These relationships have begun to be explored through the concept of inequalities in child welfare, in parallel to the established fields of inequalities in education and health. This article focuses on the relationship between economic inequality and out‐of‐home car…
Social work, poverty, and child welfare interventions
The relationship between children's material circumstances and child abuse and neglect raises a series of questions for policy, practice, and practitioners. Children and families in poverty are significantly more likely to be the subject of state intervention. This article, based on a unique mixed‐methods study of social work interventions and the influence of poverty, highlights a narrative from practitioners that argues that, as many poor famil…
Austerity, rationing and inequity
This article investigates local authority (LA) trends in expenditure on Children’s and Young Peoples’ services in England between 2010 and 2015, a period of government characterised by measures of fiscal austerity. We draw on a rationing framework to contextualise the levels and trends in expenditure under observation. The article analyses trends in various groupings of expenditure, using a latent growth modelling approach to identify significant…
Untangling child welfare inequalities and the ‘Inverse Intervention Law’ in England
Paradoxical evidence on ethnic inequities in child welfare
Cuts both ways
Beyond the Toxic Trio
Demand for children’s social care is often conflated with rates of intervention and associated with a limited constellation of parental risk factors. This article reports on a more comprehensive picture of demand obtained through a quantitative study of child welfare interventions in England. Longitudinal child-level data were combined from children’s social care services in six English local authorities over a four-year period (2015–2018). Laten…
Intervention Pathways following a Social Work Assessment
The majority of children referred to social care services in England go on to receive a statutory assessment by a social worker. Research has identified consistent categories of demand based on the needs identified in assessments. However, little is known about the relationship between children’s assessed needs and their subsequent intervention pathways. To explore this relationship, secondary analysis was undertaken of a national administrative …
Austerity, Poverty, and Children’s Services Quality in England
In England, the dominant policy narrative recognises no association between spending on children’s services and quality and a limited association between quality and deprivation. We combined 374 inspection outcomes between 2011 and 2019 with data on preventative and safeguarding expenditure and Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) scores. A multilevel logistic regression model predicting ‘good’ or ‘outstanding’ judgements suggests each £100 incr…
Funding for preventative Children’s Services and rates of children becoming looked after
Children in care face adverse health outcomes, throughout the life-course, relative to the general population. In England, over the last decade, the rate of children entering care has increased. The rate of change differs markedly for older and younger children, who may also experience different preventative services. These services have been subject to inequitable spending reductions due to fiscal policies trailing the 2008 recession. To assess …
Toward Full Integration of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in Case Study Research
Delineation of the full integration of quantitative and qualitative methods throughout all stages of multisite mixed methods case study projects remains a gap in the methodological literature. This article offers advances to the field of mixed methods by detailing the application and integration of mixed methods throughout all stages of one such project; a study of child welfare inequalities. By offering a critical discussion of site selection an…
Categorising Demand for Child Welfare Services Using Latent Class Analysis
In England, administrative data on children’s needs are recorded following a social work assessment. These data are typically used to understand prevalence of individual risk factors and to inform processes, such as the work of local safeguarding partners and multi-agency services. However, reporting individual factors at assessment cannot capture the complexity and heterogeneity of multiple and overlapping needs. This study aimed to identify com…
The differential association of socioeconomic vulnerabilities and neglect-related child protection involvement across geographies
In Defence of Ordinary Help
Randomised controlled trials are often inappropriate for many forms of preventative children's services; as such, observational studies using administrative data can be valuable for evidence-based policymaking. However, estimates of effectiveness can be confounded by differences in thresholds of intervention and national policies that exert pressure on local trends. This study adjusted for these factors using methods developed in clinical psychol…
More Money, More Problems? Addressing the Funding Conditions Required for Rights-Based Child Welfare Services in England
Policymakers and academics continue to debate the criteria used in formulas to allocate funding to children’s services, but few studies have considered how well the results of these formulas align with rights-based entitlements and commitments after implementation. This research measured correspondence between local authority spending per child and levels of income deprivation, special educational needs, and child development from 2011–2019 to as…
Income inequality and child welfare interventions in England and Wales
Background Previous research has identified a relationship between income inequality and child abuse and neglect in the USA. This association has received limited exploration outside the USA. Methods Administrative data on child protection (CP) in 172 English and Welsh local authorities between 2013 and 2018 were combined with data on deprivation, ethnic density and education from publicly available data sources. Commercial income data were used …
Understanding out of Home Care Rates in Northern Ireland
Research exploring inequalities in UK child welfare interventions has produced counter-intuitive findings with respect to Northern Ireland (NI). Despite experiencing the highest levels of deprivation, NI also displays the lowest rates of children in care of all the UK nations. With reference to wider evidence in the field of child welfare inequalities, this article details the findings of two exploratory mixed methods case studies, located within…
The Price of Whiteness
In The Price of Whiteness, Eric L. Goldstein assesses the complicated historical transition of American Jews from racial outsider status to their absorption into the white mainstream. Goldstein observes that during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Jews occupied an ambiguous status in the social order because they eluded clear racial classification. The uncertain identity of Jews posed serious problems to a culture that defined r…
Exploring the declining rates of state social work intervention in an English local authority using Family Group Conferences
Over the last decade England has seen rising numbers and rates of children in care and subject to child protection intervention. This article draws on national data and quantitative data from a study of ‘City’, a local authority in the north of England with a large Family Group Conference service. In distinction to national trends, City has seen substantial declines in the numbers and rates of children in care and who are subject to child protect…
The Price of Whiteness
In The Price of Whiteness, Eric L. Goldstein assesses the complicated historical transition of American Jews from racial outsider status to their absorption into the white mainstream. Goldstein observes that during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Jews occupied an ambiguous status in the social order because they eluded clear racial classification. The uncertain identity of Jews posed serious problems to a culture that defined r…
African Americans Confront Lynching
African Americans Confront Lynching: Strategies of Resistance from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Era. By Christopher Waldrep and This Mob Will Surely Take My Life: Lynchings in the Carolinas, 1871–1947. By Bruce E. Baker Get access Clive Webb Clive Webb University of Sussex, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Social History, Volume 44, Issue 3, Spring 2011, Pages 952–954, https://doi.or…
Inequalities in English child protection practice under austerity
The role that area deprivation, family poverty, and austerity policies play in the demand for and supply of children's services has been a contested issue in England in recent years. These relationships have begun to be explored through the concept of inequalities in child welfare, in parallel to the established fields of inequalities in education and health. This article focuses on the relationship between economic inequality and out‐of‐home car…
‘When you're sitting in the room with two people one of whom… has bashed the hell out of the other’
Domestic violence continues to be a primary reason for referrals to state child welfare services in advanced industrialised countries. There is growing concern in many state child welfare services to develop responses to it that are both more effective and more humane. The use of restorative approaches, in particular Family Group Conferences (FGCs), has been suggested as one such response. This article draws from data gathered from an evaluation …
Social work, poverty, and child welfare interventions
The relationship between children's material circumstances and child abuse and neglect raises a series of questions for policy, practice, and practitioners. Children and families in poverty are significantly more likely to be the subject of state intervention. This article, based on a unique mixed‐methods study of social work interventions and the influence of poverty, highlights a narrative from practitioners that argues that, as many poor famil…
Austerity, rationing and inequity
This article investigates local authority (LA) trends in expenditure on Children’s and Young Peoples’ services in England between 2010 and 2015, a period of government characterised by measures of fiscal austerity. We draw on a rationing framework to contextualise the levels and trends in expenditure under observation. The article analyses trends in various groupings of expenditure, using a latent growth modelling approach to identify significant…
Toward Full Integration of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in Case Study Research
Delineation of the full integration of quantitative and qualitative methods throughout all stages of multisite mixed methods case study projects remains a gap in the methodological literature. This article offers advances to the field of mixed methods by detailing the application and integration of mixed methods throughout all stages of one such project; a study of child welfare inequalities. By offering a critical discussion of site selection an…
Paradoxical evidence on ethnic inequities in child welfare
Exploring the declining rates of state social work intervention in an English local authority using Family Group Conferences
Over the last decade England has seen rising numbers and rates of children in care and subject to child protection intervention. This article draws on national data and quantitative data from a study of ‘City’, a local authority in the north of England with a large Family Group Conference service. In distinction to national trends, City has seen substantial declines in the numbers and rates of children in care and who are subject to child protect…
Untangling child welfare inequalities and the ‘Inverse Intervention Law’ in England
Cuts both ways
Visualising Children’s Services Data
The most deprived ten per cent of neighbourhoods in England have a ten times higher rate of children in the care system than the least deprived 10 per cent, and a 12 times higher rate of child protection plans Levels of deprivation, income inequality, higher education, and ethic density can explain almost 75 per cent of the variation in local authority rates of children in care Between 2010 and 2015, a rise in expenditure required to sustain a gr…
Funding for preventative Children’s Services and rates of children becoming looked after
Children in care face adverse health outcomes, throughout the life-course, relative to the general population. In England, over the last decade, the rate of children entering care has increased. The rate of change differs markedly for older and younger children, who may also experience different preventative services. These services have been subject to inequitable spending reductions due to fiscal policies trailing the 2008 recession. To assess …
Income inequality and child welfare interventions in England and Wales
Background Previous research has identified a relationship between income inequality and child abuse and neglect in the USA. This association has received limited exploration outside the USA. Methods Administrative data on child protection (CP) in 172 English and Welsh local authorities between 2013 and 2018 were combined with data on deprivation, ethnic density and education from publicly available data sources. Commercial income data were used …
Beyond the Toxic Trio
Demand for children’s social care is often conflated with rates of intervention and associated with a limited constellation of parental risk factors. This article reports on a more comprehensive picture of demand obtained through a quantitative study of child welfare interventions in England. Longitudinal child-level data were combined from children’s social care services in six English local authorities over a four-year period (2015–2018). Laten…
Understanding out of Home Care Rates in Northern Ireland
Research exploring inequalities in UK child welfare interventions has produced counter-intuitive findings with respect to Northern Ireland (NI). Despite experiencing the highest levels of deprivation, NI also displays the lowest rates of children in care of all the UK nations. With reference to wider evidence in the field of child welfare inequalities, this article details the findings of two exploratory mixed methods case studies, located within…
More Money, More Problems? Addressing the Funding Conditions Required for Rights-Based Child Welfare Services in England
Policymakers and academics continue to debate the criteria used in formulas to allocate funding to children’s services, but few studies have considered how well the results of these formulas align with rights-based entitlements and commitments after implementation. This research measured correspondence between local authority spending per child and levels of income deprivation, special educational needs, and child development from 2011–2019 to as…
Austerity, Poverty, and Children’s Services Quality in England
In England, the dominant policy narrative recognises no association between spending on children’s services and quality and a limited association between quality and deprivation. We combined 374 inspection outcomes between 2011 and 2019 with data on preventative and safeguarding expenditure and Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) scores. A multilevel logistic regression model predicting ‘good’ or ‘outstanding’ judgements suggests each £100 incr…
The differential association of socioeconomic vulnerabilities and neglect-related child protection involvement across geographies
Categorising Demand for Child Welfare Services Using Latent Class Analysis
In England, administrative data on children’s needs are recorded following a social work assessment. These data are typically used to understand prevalence of individual risk factors and to inform processes, such as the work of local safeguarding partners and multi-agency services. However, reporting individual factors at assessment cannot capture the complexity and heterogeneity of multiple and overlapping needs. This study aimed to identify com…
In Defence of Ordinary Help
Randomised controlled trials are often inappropriate for many forms of preventative children's services; as such, observational studies using administrative data can be valuable for evidence-based policymaking. However, estimates of effectiveness can be confounded by differences in thresholds of intervention and national policies that exert pressure on local trends. This study adjusted for these factors using methods developed in clinical psychol…
Intervention Pathways following a Social Work Assessment
The majority of children referred to social care services in England go on to receive a statutory assessment by a social worker. Research has identified consistent categories of demand based on the needs identified in assessments. However, little is known about the relationship between children’s assessed needs and their subsequent intervention pathways. To explore this relationship, secondary analysis was undertaken of a national administrative …
Predictors of re-referral to children’s social care services
Monitoring a Fragile Child Protection System
Child protection systems monitoring is key to ensuring children's wellbeing. In England, monitoring is rooted in onsite inspection, culminating in judgements ranging from 'outstanding' to 'inadequate'. But inspection may carry unintended consequences where child protection systems are weak. One potential consequence is increased child welfare intervention rates. In this longitudinal ecological study of local authorities in England, we used Poisso…
Factors associated with the school exclusion gap for children with social work involvement
Children who receive social care services are known to have higher exclusion rates than those without social care involvement. However, there is limited evidence on which groups of children are most at risk of this exclusion gap. This article reports on a retrospective analysis of administrative data from the National Pupil Database in England, covering two age-based cohorts of children (n = 1.2 million) who took standardized tests in 2019. Child…
Sociology (21 obras) · Political science (20 obras) · Psychology (20 obras) · Child Abuse and Trauma (16 obras) · Homelessness and Social Issues (16 obras) · Economics (15 obras) · Medicine (14 obras) · Welfare (14 obras) · Economic growth (12 obras) · Law (11 obras)