Tim Baker
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 5129315 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Tim Baker |
| NOMBRES | Tim |
| APELLIDO | Baker |
| FIRMA | BAKER T |
| AFILIACIONES | Ifakara Health Institute |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6423-9948 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 18 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1987 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Top ten research priorities for Essential Emergency and Critical Care
Critical illness leads to millions of preventable deaths each year. Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) is a pragmatic, globally relevant approach designed to address critical gaps in basic life-saving care. This study identified the top ten research priorities to guide the development of EECC over the next five years. At the first global EECC Research Conference in November 2024, 46 clinicians, researchers, and policymakers representing…
The normalisation of under-resourcing limits the potential for improvement of critical care
The reduced availability of materials, staff, and health infrastructure commonly seen in Low- and Middle-Income Country (LMIC) settings is known to directly limit the ability of a hospital to provide effective care to critically ill patients. We use Health Facility Assessments (HFAs), 'hospital journeys', and in-depth interviews across five secondary and tertiary referral-level government hospitals in Kenya to explore their readiness to provide E…
Hospital burden of critical illness across global settings
INTRODUCTION: The burden of critical illness may have been underestimated. Previous analyses have used data from intensive care units (ICUs) only, and there is a lack of evidence about where in hospitals critically ill patients receive care. This study aims to determine the burden of critical illness among adult inpatients across hospitals in different global settings. METHODS: We performed a prospective, observational, hospital-based, point prev…
Prevalence of Energy Burden in a South Phoenix Community and Implications for Public Health
Background: Energy insecurity, the inability of households to meet their basic energy needs, can exacerbate adverse health conditions in residents of those households. This is a critical issue for many Maricopa County neighborhoods with high rates of heat-associated mortality. Methods: In 2021, the Maricopa County Department of Public Health and community partners launched a survey in a South Phoenix community (zip codes 85040, 85041, and 85042) …
Co-design of a systems-wide approach (CONNECTS-Food) to promote adoption of whole-school approaches to food
Objective: To co-design a systems approach aimed at promoting the wide-scale adoption of whole-school approaches to food in UK primary schools to improve school food environments, food provision and dietary intake in children. Design: A systems framework (Action Scales Model) was used to guide the co-design of the systems approach. The process involved identifying leverage points within the UK primary school food system that, if influenced, could…
Covid-19 and unintended steps towards further equity in global health research
There was, and possibly still is, potential for COVID-19 to disrupt power inequities and contribute to positive transformation in global health research that increases equity. While there is consensus about the need to decolonise by transforming global health, and a roadmap outlining how we could approach it, there are few examples of steps that could be taken to transform the mechanics of global health research. This paper contributes lessons le…
Hospital care for critical illness in low-resource settings
Care for the critically ill patients is often considered synonymous with a hospital having an intensive care unit. However, a focus on Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) may obviate the need for much intensive care. Severe COVID-19 presented a specific critical care challenge while also being an exemplar of critical illness in general. Our multidisciplinary team conducted research in Kenya and Tanzania on hospitals’ ability to provide E…
Pagelarking
Open Access via the Taylor and Francis Open Select agreement
Policies and resources for strengthening of emergency and critical care services in the context of the global Covid-19 pandemic in Kenya
Critical illnesses cause several million deaths annually, with many of these occurring in low-resource settings like Kenya. Great efforts have been made worldwide to scale up critical care to reduce deaths from COVID-19. Lower income countries with fragile health systems may not have had sufficient resources to upscale their critical care. We aimed to review how efforts to strengthen emergency and critical care were operationalised during the pan…
Receive, Sustain, and Flow
Background: Hospital patients can become critically ill anywhere in a hospital but their survival is affected by problems of identification and adequate, timely, treatment. This is issue of particular concern in lower middle-income countries' (LMICs) hospitals where specialised units are scarce and severely under-resourced. "Cross-sectional" approaches to improving narrow, specific aspects of care will not attend to issues that affect patients' c…
The burden of respiratory conditions in the emergency department of Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania in the first two years of the Covid-19 pandemic
Globally, respiratory diseases cause 10 million deaths every year. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the burden of respiratory illness increased and led to significant morbidity and mortality in both high- and low-income countries. This study assessed the burden and trend of respiratory conditions among patients presenting to the emergency department of Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania and compared with national COVID-19 data to determine if thi…
High-Heat Days and Presentations to Emergency Departments in Regional Victoria, Australia
Heat kills more Australians than any other natural disaster. Previous Australian research has identified increases in Emergency Department presentations in capital cities; however, little research has examined the effects of heat in rural/regional locations. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine if Emergency Department (ED) presentations across the south-west region of Victoria, Australia, increased on high-heat days (1 February 2017…
Stark choices
OBJECTIVES: COVID-19 has altered health sector capacity in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cost data to inform evidence-based priority setting are urgently needed. Consequently, in this paper, we calculate the full economic health sector costs of COVID-19 clinical management in 79 LMICs under different epidemiological scenarios. METHODS: We used country-specific epidemiological projections from a dynamic transmission model to dete…
Essential Emergency and Critical Care
BACKGROUND: Globally, critical illness results in millions of deaths every year. Although many of these deaths are potentially preventable, the basic, life-saving care of critically ill patients are often overlooked in health systems. Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) has been devised as the care that should be provided to all critically ill patients in all hospitals in the world. EECC includes the effective care of low cost and low co…
Establishment of a high-dependency unit in Malawi
Adults admitted to hospital with critical illness are vulnerable and at high risk of morbidity and mortality, especially in sub-Saharan African settings where resources are severely limited. As life expectancy increases, patient demographics and healthcare needs are increasingly complex and require integrated approaches. Patient outcomes could be improved by increased critical care provision that standardises healthcare delivery, provides special…
Opportunities for intervention and innovation in school food within UK schools
We have recently been funded by the UK Prevention Research Partnership (UKPRP) to develop a UK school food network. The overarching aim is to build a community working towards a more health-promoting food and nutrition system in UK schools (primary and secondary). Here we describe the current status of school food research, including a review of the literature supporting the health-promoting schools approach and outline the opportunities for inte…
Perpetual Vanishing
Animals, writes Akira Mizuta Lippit, ‘exist in a state of perpetual vanishing’: they haunt human concerns, but rarely appear as themselves. This is especially notable in contemporary Scottish fiction. While other national literatures often reflect the ‘animal turn’ in contemporary theory, the number of twenty-first-century Scottish novels concerned with human–animal relations remains disproportionately small. Looking at a broad cross-section of r…
Writing Animals
This book surveys a broad range of contemporary texts to show how representations of human-animal relations challenge the anthropocentric nature of fiction. By looking at the relation between language and suffering in twenty-first-century fiction and drawing on a wide range of theoretical approaches, Baker suggests new opportunities for exploring the centrality of nonhuman animals in recent fiction: writing animal lives leads to new narrative str…
‘We just dilute sugar and give’ health workers’ reports of management of paediatric hypoglycaemia in a referral hospital in Malawi
BACKGROUND: Acutely sick children in resource-constrained settings who present with hypoglycaemia have poor outcomes. Studies have questioned the current hypoglycaemia treatment cut-off level of 2.5 mmol/l. Improved knowledge about health workers' attitudes towards and management of hypoglycaemia is needed to understand the potential effects of a raised cut-off level. OBJECTIVE: This research explored health workers' perceptions about managing ac…
Establishing an Anaesthesia and Intensive Care partnership and aiming for national impact in Tanzania
Anaesthesia and Intensive Care is a neglected specialty in low-income countries. There is an acute shortage of health workers - several low-income countries have less than 1 anaesthesia provider per 100,000 population. Only 1.5% of hospitals in Africa have the intensive care resources needed for managing patients with sepsis. Health partnerships between institutions in high and low-income countries have been proposed as an effective way to streng…
Animals in Irish literature and culture
Attracting and Retaining Talent
Contemporary Scottish Gothic mourning, authenticity, and tradition
Introduction
Scottish Utopian Fiction and the Invocation of God
Explicitly utopian novels are relatively uncommon in twentieth-century Scottish fiction, perhaps due to a prevailing conception of Scottish literature as inherently peripheral; for many critics and authors, Scotland is already a place outside the mainstream of political and historical narrative. Utopian themes and imagery, however, have frequently been used by Scottish writers to address the role of religious experience in contemporary life. In n…
Supportive and unsupportive responses of others to rape victims
Evaluated the impact that actions of significant others have on adjustment following rape. Significant other behavior is conceptualized as having two dimensions--supportive behavior and unsupportive behavior--and each dimension was measured using multiple items. Unsupportive behavior, but not supportive behavior, was found to bear a significant association to victim adjustment. Implications for those who work with victims are discussed
Writing Animals
This book surveys a broad range of contemporary texts to show how representations of human-animal relations challenge the anthropocentric nature of fiction. By looking at the relation between language and suffering in twenty-first-century fiction and drawing on a wide range of theoretical approaches, Baker suggests new opportunities for exploring the centrality of nonhuman animals in recent fiction: writing animal lives leads to new narrative str…
The (Neuro)-Aesthetics of Caricature
Recent research by V. S. Ramachandran and Semir Zeki has used neuroscientific methods to investigate the nature of aesthetic response. By situating their work in the context of post-Kantian aesthetic discourse, this essay demonstrates that such research provides an opportunity to bridge cognitive and artistic approaches to aesthetic experience and offers a provisional theory of art that incorporates both empirical and philosophical traditions. Th…
Animals in Irish literature and culture
Introduction
Harvey Couch. An Entrepreneur Brings Electricity to Arkansas
Supportive and unsupportive responses of others to rape victims
Evaluated the impact that actions of significant others have on adjustment following rape. Significant other behavior is conceptualized as having two dimensions--supportive behavior and unsupportive behavior--and each dimension was measured using multiple items. Unsupportive behavior, but not supportive behavior, was found to bear a significant association to victim adjustment. Implications for those who work with victims are discussed
A review of 50 years of research on naturally occurring family routines and rituals
George Mackay Brown and the Philosophy of Community
George Mackay Brown has long been recognised as one of the most original and important Scottish writers of the twentieth century. This book offers a comprehensive account of Brown's work from a philosophical perspective and offers a radical new approach to the study of Scottish literature. The importance of local community in the work of Scottish novelists ranging from Walter Scott to Neil M. Gunn has often been noted, but few critics have addres…
The (Neuro)-Aesthetics of Caricature
Recent research by V. S. Ramachandran and Semir Zeki has used neuroscientific methods to investigate the nature of aesthetic response. By situating their work in the context of post-Kantian aesthetic discourse, this essay demonstrates that such research provides an opportunity to bridge cognitive and artistic approaches to aesthetic experience and offers a provisional theory of art that incorporates both empirical and philosophical traditions. Th…
Introduction
Scottish Utopian Fiction and the Invocation of God
Explicitly utopian novels are relatively uncommon in twentieth-century Scottish fiction, perhaps due to a prevailing conception of Scottish literature as inherently peripheral; for many critics and authors, Scotland is already a place outside the mainstream of political and historical narrative. Utopian themes and imagery, however, have frequently been used by Scottish writers to address the role of religious experience in contemporary life. In n…
Attracting and Retaining Talent
Contemporary Scottish Gothic mourning, authenticity, and tradition
Animals in Irish literature and culture
Establishing an Anaesthesia and Intensive Care partnership and aiming for national impact in Tanzania
Anaesthesia and Intensive Care is a neglected specialty in low-income countries. There is an acute shortage of health workers - several low-income countries have less than 1 anaesthesia provider per 100,000 population. Only 1.5% of hospitals in Africa have the intensive care resources needed for managing patients with sepsis. Health partnerships between institutions in high and low-income countries have been proposed as an effective way to streng…
‘We just dilute sugar and give’ health workers’ reports of management of paediatric hypoglycaemia in a referral hospital in Malawi
BACKGROUND: Acutely sick children in resource-constrained settings who present with hypoglycaemia have poor outcomes. Studies have questioned the current hypoglycaemia treatment cut-off level of 2.5 mmol/l. Improved knowledge about health workers' attitudes towards and management of hypoglycaemia is needed to understand the potential effects of a raised cut-off level. OBJECTIVE: This research explored health workers' perceptions about managing ac…
Perpetual Vanishing
Animals, writes Akira Mizuta Lippit, ‘exist in a state of perpetual vanishing’: they haunt human concerns, but rarely appear as themselves. This is especially notable in contemporary Scottish fiction. While other national literatures often reflect the ‘animal turn’ in contemporary theory, the number of twenty-first-century Scottish novels concerned with human–animal relations remains disproportionately small. Looking at a broad cross-section of r…
Writing Animals
This book surveys a broad range of contemporary texts to show how representations of human-animal relations challenge the anthropocentric nature of fiction. By looking at the relation between language and suffering in twenty-first-century fiction and drawing on a wide range of theoretical approaches, Baker suggests new opportunities for exploring the centrality of nonhuman animals in recent fiction: writing animal lives leads to new narrative str…
Establishment of a high-dependency unit in Malawi
Adults admitted to hospital with critical illness are vulnerable and at high risk of morbidity and mortality, especially in sub-Saharan African settings where resources are severely limited. As life expectancy increases, patient demographics and healthcare needs are increasingly complex and require integrated approaches. Patient outcomes could be improved by increased critical care provision that standardises healthcare delivery, provides special…
Opportunities for intervention and innovation in school food within UK schools
We have recently been funded by the UK Prevention Research Partnership (UKPRP) to develop a UK school food network. The overarching aim is to build a community working towards a more health-promoting food and nutrition system in UK schools (primary and secondary). Here we describe the current status of school food research, including a review of the literature supporting the health-promoting schools approach and outline the opportunities for inte…
Stark choices
OBJECTIVES: COVID-19 has altered health sector capacity in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cost data to inform evidence-based priority setting are urgently needed. Consequently, in this paper, we calculate the full economic health sector costs of COVID-19 clinical management in 79 LMICs under different epidemiological scenarios. METHODS: We used country-specific epidemiological projections from a dynamic transmission model to dete…
Essential Emergency and Critical Care
BACKGROUND: Globally, critical illness results in millions of deaths every year. Although many of these deaths are potentially preventable, the basic, life-saving care of critically ill patients are often overlooked in health systems. Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) has been devised as the care that should be provided to all critically ill patients in all hospitals in the world. EECC includes the effective care of low cost and low co…
The burden of respiratory conditions in the emergency department of Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania in the first two years of the Covid-19 pandemic
Globally, respiratory diseases cause 10 million deaths every year. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the burden of respiratory illness increased and led to significant morbidity and mortality in both high- and low-income countries. This study assessed the burden and trend of respiratory conditions among patients presenting to the emergency department of Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania and compared with national COVID-19 data to determine if thi…
High-Heat Days and Presentations to Emergency Departments in Regional Victoria, Australia
Heat kills more Australians than any other natural disaster. Previous Australian research has identified increases in Emergency Department presentations in capital cities; however, little research has examined the effects of heat in rural/regional locations. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine if Emergency Department (ED) presentations across the south-west region of Victoria, Australia, increased on high-heat days (1 February 2017…
Covid-19 and unintended steps towards further equity in global health research
There was, and possibly still is, potential for COVID-19 to disrupt power inequities and contribute to positive transformation in global health research that increases equity. While there is consensus about the need to decolonise by transforming global health, and a roadmap outlining how we could approach it, there are few examples of steps that could be taken to transform the mechanics of global health research. This paper contributes lessons le…
Hospital care for critical illness in low-resource settings
Care for the critically ill patients is often considered synonymous with a hospital having an intensive care unit. However, a focus on Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) may obviate the need for much intensive care. Severe COVID-19 presented a specific critical care challenge while also being an exemplar of critical illness in general. Our multidisciplinary team conducted research in Kenya and Tanzania on hospitals’ ability to provide E…
Pagelarking
Open Access via the Taylor and Francis Open Select agreement
Policies and resources for strengthening of emergency and critical care services in the context of the global Covid-19 pandemic in Kenya
Critical illnesses cause several million deaths annually, with many of these occurring in low-resource settings like Kenya. Great efforts have been made worldwide to scale up critical care to reduce deaths from COVID-19. Lower income countries with fragile health systems may not have had sufficient resources to upscale their critical care. We aimed to review how efforts to strengthen emergency and critical care were operationalised during the pan…
Receive, Sustain, and Flow
Background: Hospital patients can become critically ill anywhere in a hospital but their survival is affected by problems of identification and adequate, timely, treatment. This is issue of particular concern in lower middle-income countries' (LMICs) hospitals where specialised units are scarce and severely under-resourced. "Cross-sectional" approaches to improving narrow, specific aspects of care will not attend to issues that affect patients' c…
Medicine (13 obras) · Health care (10 obras) · Nursing (9 obras) · Art (8 obras) · Sociology (8 obras) · Business (7 obras) · Political science (7 obras) · Environmental health (6 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (6 obras) · Intensive care medicine (6 obras)