Arnold S Kahn
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 839439 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Arnold S Kahn |
| NOMBRES | Arnold S |
| APELLIDO | Kahn |
| FIRMA | KAHN A S |
| AFILIACIONES | James Madison University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9290-2786 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 51 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 384 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 50 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1971 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
System justification in communication
According to system justification theory, system-threatening messages decrease the legitimacy of the status quo. Thus, individuals who endorse system justice beliefs will employ a variety of system justification behaviors when encountering such messages. In this study, we hypothesized that such behaviors include resisting dialogue with an interlocuter who propounds a system-threatening message. To test this, a sample of MTurk respondents was rand…
Immersive and Interactive Awe
Awe is a widely researched, self-transcendent emotion with a robust ability to prompt prosocial behavior. Within the communication and media disciplines, however, the effects of awe have received only limited empirical attention. Moreover, extant research has ignored the role that media affordances may play in engendering awe and prosocial outcomes. This article presents two studies that explore the prosocial consequences of awe, as mediated by p…
Text and you might miss it? Snap and you might remember? Exploring “Google effects on memory” and cognitive self-esteem in the context of Snapchat and text messaging
Modern romance
Why We Distort in Self-Report
Using Cognitive Dissonance and Balance Theory, this study investigates factors that predict how and why MMO players inaccurately report their game playing time. It was hypothesized that players belonging to categories other than the stereotypical game player (e.g. younger, less educated, male) would be likely to underreport playing time. It was also hypothesized that those players who held less positive attitudes toward the game would be more lik…
Games, Online and off
This chapter, which discusses the evolution of innovative research on game playing in the household and online, such as in studies of massive multiplayer, three-dimensional Internet game environments, demonstrates the need for Internet Studies to deal with the ebbs and flows of the market and the rapid pace of technical change. The video game industry is one of the most profitable and dynamic industries in entertainment. Its future will possibly …
To Hook Up or Date
The Social Life of Information Displays
This article presents the results of two experimental laboratory studies that establish relationships between displays and people's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors toward self, others, and social situations. Experiment I investigates how participants (N = 40) engaging in a trivia game respond when their answers and performance feedback evaluations are made public via either a large shared display or each person's laptop display. Using a 2 (answ…
Discourses about Rape
Changes in Students’ Explanations for Gender Differences after Taking a Psychology of Women Class
We explored how students’ endorsements of essential (biological and personality) and constructed (socialization and contextual) explanations for gender differences changed from the start to the end of Psychology of Women (POW) classes along with their feminist attitudes. Results from surveys of 120 POW students from three universities indicated that these students began class with more feminist awareness, immersion, and constructionist thinking t…
Intimate Heterosexual Violence
Carolyn Sherif Award Address
College women who did ( n = 33) and did not ( n = 56) label their sexual assault experience as rape provided written descriptions of their sexual assaults. From these descriptions we identified eight different sexual assault situations. Women who labeled their experience as rape were most likely to have been assaulted forcefully by an acquaintance, awakened to an acquaintance performing sexual acts on them, or experienced the assault as a child. …
Calling it Rape
Past research had found that one-half or more of all women who have had an experience that might meet the definition of rape do not label themselves rape victims. The present study examined the actual rape experiences of 33 women who labeled their assault experience as rape and 56 women who did not label their assault experience as rape through questionnaires and open-ended descriptions of what happened during their assault. Quantitative findings…
Making Gender Comparisons More Meaningful
We challenge researchers to consider sex and gender as a marker for possible social contextual differences. Disappointed by both philosophical and empirical attempts to find coherence in research making gender comparisons, we selectively review studies showing both context-specific similarities between women and men where overall comparisons found differences as well as context-specific differences where general patterns of similarity existed. Th…
Rape is not a Natural Act
Pluralistic ignorance and Hooking up
Hooking up--when two people agree to engage in sexual behavior for which there is no future commitment--has become popular on college campuses. In this study we examined the extent to which pluralistic ignorance affects hooking up. One hundred thirty-six female and 128 male college students answered questions regarding their own comfort and their perceived peers comfort in engaging in a variety of sexual behaviors while hooking up. We hypothesize…
Fraternities, Athletic Teams, and Rape
This study examined the relationship between sexual assault and membership in high-risk fraternities and athletic teams. Although past research has identified fraternities and athletic teams as high-risk groups for sexual assault, the findings have been inconclusive. Based on student perceptions, we separated fraternities and athletic teams into high-risk and low-risk groups. A survey of 182 male students, including those who were members of thre…
Does Gender Affect the Link Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Performance Evaluation
The Role of Personal Spirituality and Religious Social Activity on the Life Satisfaction of Older Widowed Women
Bias in Psychology
Unraveling Patriarchy
Working toward an inclusive psychology of women
Working toward an inclusive psychology of women
Toward a Feminist Understanding of Women and Power
Both psychologists and feminists believe power is an important and ubiquitous concept, yet its definition and scope eludes both groups. In this introduction to a special issue on women and power, we suggest three points to help organize and interpret research in the area. First, definitions of power should center around the distinction between “power-over,” the domination and control of one person or group over another, and “power-to” or personal…
Characteristics of Accepted Versus Rejected Manuscripts
The purpose of this research was to determine characteristics that differentiated potentially publishable from nonpublishable manuscripts submitted for publication. We examined 128 manuscripts sent as initial submissions to Psychology of Women Quarterly and forwarded to one of its Associate Editors between April 1981 and September 1985. Each manuscript was independently evaluated by two raters and characterized on a number of dimensions. In addit…
Pluralistic ignorance and Hooking up
Hooking up--when two people agree to engage in sexual behavior for which there is no future commitment--has become popular on college campuses. In this study we examined the extent to which pluralistic ignorance affects hooking up. One hundred thirty-six female and 128 male college students answered questions regarding their own comfort and their perceived peers comfort in engaging in a variety of sexual behaviors while hooking up. We hypothesize…
Calling it Rape
Past research had found that one-half or more of all women who have had an experience that might meet the definition of rape do not label themselves rape victims. The present study examined the actual rape experiences of 33 women who labeled their assault experience as rape and 56 women who did not label their assault experience as rape through questionnaires and open-ended descriptions of what happened during their assault. Quantitative findings…
To Hook Up or Date
Toward a Feminist Understanding of Women and Power
Both psychologists and feminists believe power is an important and ubiquitous concept, yet its definition and scope eludes both groups. In this introduction to a special issue on women and power, we suggest three points to help organize and interpret research in the area. First, definitions of power should center around the distinction between “power-over,” the domination and control of one person or group over another, and “power-to” or personal…
The Psychology of Women and Conservatism
Although one goal of the psychology of women has been to enhance the status of women through social change, this goal has seldom been realized. Theory and research in the psychology of women have focused on gender differences and the personality of women rather than the society that oppresses women. As a result, this research has tended to blame women for their position in society and helped maintain the status quo, which can inhibit the struggle…
Changes in Students’ Explanations for Gender Differences after Taking a Psychology of Women Class
We explored how students’ endorsements of essential (biological and personality) and constructed (socialization and contextual) explanations for gender differences changed from the start to the end of Psychology of Women (POW) classes along with their feminist attitudes. Results from surveys of 120 POW students from three universities indicated that these students began class with more feminist awareness, immersion, and constructionist thinking t…
Reactions to generosity or stinginess from an intelligent or stupid work partner
Making Gender Comparisons More Meaningful
We challenge researchers to consider sex and gender as a marker for possible social contextual differences. Disappointed by both philosophical and empirical attempts to find coherence in research making gender comparisons, we selectively review studies showing both context-specific similarities between women and men where overall comparisons found differences as well as context-specific differences where general patterns of similarity existed. Th…
Preferences for an equal or equitable allocator
Why We Distort in Self-Report
Using Cognitive Dissonance and Balance Theory, this study investigates factors that predict how and why MMO players inaccurately report their game playing time. It was hypothesized that players belonging to categories other than the stereotypical game player (e.g. younger, less educated, male) would be likely to underreport playing time. It was also hypothesized that those players who held less positive attitudes toward the game would be more lik…
Effects of intergroup orientation on group attitudes and proxemic behavior
Cooperation and optimal responding in the Prisoner's Dilemma game
Does Gender Affect the Link Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Performance Evaluation
The Justice Process
While research has documented the existence of equity and equality as allocation norms, no research has examined the process by which these norms are achieved. Using data collected by Kahn, Nelson, and Gaeddert (1980: Study 2), group discussions of 24 triads, which had been videotaped, were analyzed. The choice of allocation norm appeared to be determined by who spoke first, who spoke the most, and what norm that person suggested. When equity was…
Determinants of Toughness in Dyadic Bargaining
Carolyn Sherif Award Address
College women who did ( n = 33) and did not ( n = 56) label their sexual assault experience as rape provided written descriptions of their sexual assaults. From these descriptions we identified eight different sexual assault situations. Women who labeled their experience as rape were most likely to have been assaulted forcefully by an acquaintance, awakened to an acquaintance performing sexual acts on them, or experienced the assault as a child. …
The Power War
As many authors have pointed out, the relationship between the sexes is based on power, males having greater power than females. The continuing demand by women for equality is actually a demand for equal power, and if these strivings are successful, they will mean a loss of power for men. The male response to this anticipated power loss is the focus of this analysis. First, the scope of male power is described. Second, the importance of power to …
Returning a favor and retaliating harm
The Role of Personal Spirituality and Religious Social Activity on the Life Satisfaction of Older Widowed Women
Sex and achievement domain
Sex of subject and sex composition of the group as determinants of reward allocations
Diffusion of responsibility and extreme behavior
Victims of crime
Distance and Liking
Characteristics of Accepted Versus Rejected Manuscripts
The purpose of this research was to determine characteristics that differentiated potentially publishable from nonpublishable manuscripts submitted for publication. We examined 128 manuscripts sent as initial submissions to Psychology of Women Quarterly and forwarded to one of its Associate Editors between April 1981 and September 1985. Each manuscript was independently evaluated by two raters and characterized on a number of dimensions. In addit…
Effects of Social Status and Attitude Similarity on Behavior in Dyads
This study attempted to (1) incorporate social status into Newcomb's theory of dyadic behavior, (2) replicate in the dyad the differences due to status found in larger groups, and (3) see if results due to actual differences in social status could be obtained when status differences were perceived rather than real. Social status and attitude similarity were varied in a 2 × 2 design with attraction, communication, attitude change, perceived attitu…
Cooperation and optimal responding in the Prisoner's Dilemma game
Determinants of Toughness in Dyadic Bargaining
Reactions to generosity or stinginess from an intelligent or stupid work partner
Ingratiation in a Free Social Situation
Returning a favor and retaliating harm
Sex differences in a mixed-motive conflict situation
Rewards, Costs, and Sex Differences in Helping Behavior
20 males and 20 females were given the opportunity to volunteer their time to help a graduate student in a research project entailing either high or low rewards and high or low costs. Rewards and costs significantly affected females' helping as predicted by exchange theory but had no effect on males' helping. Whether males or females are more helpful depended on the sex-characteristics of the task and can be understood in terms of differential pe…
Diffusion of responsibility and extreme behavior
Effects of intergroup orientation on group attitudes and proxemic behavior
Distance and Liking
Preferences for an equal or equitable allocator
Sex of subject and sex composition of the group as determinants of reward allocations
Reactions of profeminist and antifeminist men to an expert woman
Critique [of Ethical Problems in Evaluation Research]
Johnson’s paper contains four assumptions which deserve further attention, especially in the context of ethnic minorities. These four assumptions are both obvious and at the root of the ethical problems: 1) Minorities need services; 2) services are to be provided by the dominant group; 3) the providing of services must be evaluated for cost-effectiveness; and 4) the evaluators are more likely to come from the dominant group than the minority grou…
Conservative Policies and Women's Power
The recent setbacks imposed on the feminist movement by the forces of the New Right have led women to an increased understanding of the importance of power in maintaining male dominance. Although men exercise power over women in a variety of ways, a review of the findings of social psychology indicates that almosL all types of power derive from men's activities in the public sphere. The exercise of power has become a part of the male gender role …
The Justice Process
While research has documented the existence of equity and equality as allocation norms, no research has examined the process by which these norms are achieved. Using data collected by Kahn, Nelson, and Gaeddert (1980: Study 2), group discussions of 24 triads, which had been videotaped, were analyzed. The choice of allocation norm appeared to be determined by who spoke first, who spoke the most, and what norm that person suggested. When equity was…
Preferences for Rape Reduction Strategies
The present study examined the effects of two subject variables (sex of subject and feminist attitudes) and two strategy variables (strategy aggressiveness and locus of responsibility for change) on the perceived effectiveness and desirability of four rape reduction strategies. Fifty-three females and 36 males served as subjects in a 2 4 factorial design. Although women rated all strategies as more effective and desirable than did men, attitude t…
Integration and Elimination or Separation and Redefinition
Psychology in the Public Forum
Psychology in the Public Forum
The Power War
As many authors have pointed out, the relationship between the sexes is based on power, males having greater power than females. The continuing demand by women for equality is actually a demand for equal power, and if these strivings are successful, they will mean a loss of power for men. The male response to this anticipated power loss is the focus of this analysis. First, the scope of male power is described. Second, the importance of power to …
Victims of crime and violence
Victims of crime
Sex and achievement domain
Psychology (50 obras) · Social Psychology (37 obras) · Social Psychology (31 obras) · Developmental psychology (15 obras) · Sociology (10 obras) · Political science (8 obras) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (8 obras) · Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology (7 obras) · Psychoanalysis (7 obras) · Computer Science (6 obras)