B Diken
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 9674 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | B Diken |
| NOMBRES | B |
| APELLIDO | Diken |
| FIRMA | DIKEN B |
| AFILIACIONES | Lancaster University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2661-8568 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 54 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 257 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 54 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2001 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Enlightened False Consciousness
The article discusses enlightened false consciousness by focusing on the denial of the climate crisis. It approaches this idea by first emphasizing the role of emotions in connection with actions, arguing that a classical rationalist perspective falls short of grasping this. The article is divided into four parts. First, it focuses on the relationship between emotions and knowledge in relation to the climate issue. This leads to a discussion of t…
Neo‐Slavery as Instrumentalization
Despite being perceived as a remnant of the past, slavery persists in today's increasingly economized and biopoliticized world. To thematize the actuality of slavery, we initially return to Aristotle's discussion/justification of slavery as instrumentalization of human beings. Then we revisit Plato's allegory of the cave through three distinct readings. This threefold reading enables us to frame three present‐day cases/examples to reconsider slav…
Flattery and The Misanthrope
Molière's Alceste is often discussed with reference to his misanthropic personality, but what he aspires to doing, truth‐telling, has received relatively less attention. This is curious especially if we consider that Alceste defines flattery, the opposite of truth‐telling, as his main adversary. Indeed, it is Alceste's hatred of flattery that explains his misanthropy, not the other way around. We will first discuss the significance of flattery. T…
Flattery, Truth-telling, and Social Theory
This article deals with the 'problem' of flattery ( kolakeia ) as a specific form of activity, contrasted to parrhesia . Who is the flatterer? In which ethical-political contexts does the flatterer act? With what cultural, social, and political consequences? Discussing such questions, the article revitalizes the concept of flattery, showing its enduring constitutive role in social life. I start with giving an account of flattery in ancient litera…
Feeling Real, Feeling Free
This paper sets Scott’s original film Blade Runner (1982) and Villeneuve’s Blade Runner 2049 (2017) in a ‘disjunctive synthesis’ in order to provide critical analyses of both films with respect to some complex configurations of the body along two axes: bio-politics and the spectacle. We offer a reading of these configurations by focusing on the relationships between the human (organic), the non-human (android) and the immaterial (holographic); th…
Comic Socrates
In the Clouds, Aristophanes apparently ridicules Socratic philosophy as a useless, essentially passive preoccupation, which, “twisted” in the wrong hands, can seriously harm the City. But such an instrumentalist reading of the Clouds (and of philosophy) misses a crucial point regarding the relation between philosophy and comedy. Insofar as philosophy, love of wisdom, is irreducible to wisdom—insofar as, in other words, philosophy is also a matter…
Representations of everyday life in İnci Eviner’s We, Elsewhere
İnci Eviner's installation We, Elsewhere11 http://pavilionofturkey19.iksv.org/colophon.php for the Turkey Pavilion22 http://pavilionofturkey19.iksv.org/theliveperformance.php at the 58th Venice Art Biennial offers a spectacle of the incomplete, in which the objects, videos and their characters, and sounds in the piece, along with the exhibition space itself, consist all of halves, missing something. It is designed as a non-place in the midst of n…
Neo-Despotism as Anti-Despotism
I treat despotism as a virtual concept. Thus it is necessary to expose its actualizations even when it appears as its opposite, refusing to recognize itself as despotism. I define despotism initially as arbitrary rule, in terms of a monstrous transgression of the law. But since the monster is grounded in its very formlessness, it cannot be demonstrated. However, one can always try to de-monstrate it through disagreements. In doing this, I deal wi…
The collector’s world
The article discusses the figure of the collector. We start with positioning the collector in relation to a lack, emphasizing that collecting is not about aesthetic beauty, pleasure or even perfectness, but primarily about filling a gap. The collection itself is merely a by-product of the desire to collect. Discussing how this desire is socially mediated, we move on to contextualizing the collector in relation to the distinction between the usefu…
From Melling’s Harem to Eviner’s Harem
Antoine-Ignace Melling's engraving Inside the Harem of the Sultan (c 1810) depicts women's everyday life and their relationships, rituals and spatial practices in the Ottoman harem. Two centuries later, İnci Eviner, one of the leading contemporary artists internationally acclaimed for her solo and group exhibitions as well as for her contribution to numerous biennials, animates the same anonymous women in her video Harem (2009) by displacing the …
The Despotic Imperative
The article thematizes the actuality of despotism through a double reading of Xenophon’s Hiero and Dave Eggers’s Circle. A key text on despotism, Hiero is interesting to reconsider in a contemporary context because of its explicit focus on the economic element in the nexus of despotism, economy, and voluntary servitude. Discussing this nexus in an ancient context, the article turns to The Circle, a dystopic novel from 2013, which elaborates on ho…
Strangers, Ambivalence and Social Theory
Social Space and the Secret of “Invisibility”
Terror as potentiality – the affective rhythms of the political
The paper addresses the ways in which the cultural, the affective and the political intersect, counter and/or feed upon one another in the context of contemporary terror. Initially, building upon Machiavelli and Hobbes, we deal with the political significance of terror (and the fear it provokes), emphasizing its potentiality, which inscribes future within the present. Then we turn to an analysis of terror in the prism of securitization. Terror, i…
‘Life is a state of mind’ – on fiction, society and Trump
The article undertakes an allegorical double reading of Being There and Trump as instances of what we call socio-fiction. Crucially in this respect, reality and fiction are not two opposed realms. The two realms always interact in subtle ways, which is why cinema can be a resource for diagnostic social analysis. We first articulate a general commentary on the relationship between cinema and society, introducing the concept of ‘socio-fiction’. Sec…
Money, Religion, and Symbolic Exchange in Winter Sleep
Winter Sleep is the latest film from Nuri Bilge Ceylan, a Turkish director and screenwriter who has received international acclaim. For the purpose of social and cultural analysis, this article critically focuses on the film’s key themes and maneuvers that have diagnostic value from a social theoretical viewpoint. These themes are religion, the relationship between religion and capitalism, and symbolic exchange. Organized around these topics, the…
The Map, the Territory, and the Impossibility of Painting a Priest
The article focuses on the relationship between capitalism and religion through an allegorical double reading of social theory and fiction. Theoretically it discusses capitalism as religion. Empirically it analyses Michel Houellebecq's recent novel The Map and the Territory. Houellebecq's is a late modern world in which capital tends to replace, like a map, the actual experience of life, the territory. A world in which everything is modelled on t…
Profanation in Spinoza and Badiou
This article focuses on two different styles of profanation in Spinoza and Badiou. Notwithstanding the significant differences between them, their shared desire for profanation testifies to an interesting convergence. I deal with this convergence in divergence as a case of disjunctive synthesis through a comparison of the different understandings of religion in Spinoza and Badiou's truth procedures. It is commonly held that Spinoza operates with …
Political Spirituality
The article thematizes the difference between superstition and faith through an allegorical double reading of social theory and Ken Russell’s film The Devils. It discusses the political implications of this difference, contrasting the function of “love of God” in mysticism and in the governmental economy of the church. Crucially, love is originally a universal, immanent impulse, which is captured by religion. But if religion is an apparatus of ca…
Critique as Justification - and Beyond
The article discusses the predicament of contemporary critique by focusing on a theoretical case, the 'sociology of critique' as it is formulated by Boltanski and Thévenot (2006) and developed by Boltanski and Chiapello (2007) . This sociology is critical of critical theory and endeavours to supplement critical theory with a 'theory of critique', with a pragmatic analysis of the normative values that inspire intentional action. In order to be cri…
The emancipated city
The article deals with 2013 revolts in Turkey as an attempt at inventing a link between the particular and the universal. To start with, I briefly discuss the history of Turkish republicanism and the transformation of its relation to secularism, economy and the state. Then I turn to the political dimension of the revolts, focusing on the iconic figures of subjectivity that emerged during the events. In this respect, the practical and theoretical …
The War Against Terror, Neo-Medievalism, and The Gyptianr Evolution
The key image of thought in the war against terror is 'clash', of civilizations and of religions. Islamic fundamentalism becomes, in this context, a synonym for chiliastic fanaticism. To problematize this framework, the article contrasts the contemporary katechontic take on the apocalypse, which legitimizes the war on terror, with Taubes's revolutionary eschatology, which seeks a total deligitimization of power. Locating Islamic fundamentalism in…
Huxley's Brave New World — and Ours
The article discusses the continuing relevance of Huxley's dystopic novel in a contemporary, post‐political context in which a passive nihilist version of “happiness” is elevated to the level of a political and ethical ideal and “freedom” is taken for granted. Significantly, although Huxley's target was Stalinism when he wrote the novel, revisiting Brave New World forces one to reflect on contemporary, “democratic” versions of totalitarianism as …
Od obozów dla uchodźców do osiedli grodzonych. Biopolityka i koniec miasta
Artykuł opisuje sytuację osób ubiegających się o azyl, będących materializacją zaproponowanej przez Giorgia Agambena kategorii homo sacer – ostatecznego przedmiotu biopolityki, którego życie odarte jest z kulturowych i politycznych form. Uwaga autora skupia się na społeczno-przestrzennych mechanizmach unieruchamiających potencjalnych azylantów w ramach „nie-miejsc” takich jak ośrodki dla uchodźców, w których wiodą oni życie wpisane w permanentny …
The ghost of Spartacus
The spirits are, insists Derrida. Humanity is a 'series of ghosts' (Derrida 1994: 138). Since every identity has, beyond its actual existence, a virtual continuity with the past and the future, becoming 'can only maintain itself with some ghosts', certain others, who are no longer or not yet present but nevertheless real (1994: xvii). Indeed, any event, any occurrence of the new, carries with it an injunction to remember, to keep up the 'conversa…
Becoming Abject
Organized rape has been an integral aspect of warfare for a long time even though classics on warfare have predominantly focused on theorizing 'regular' warfare, that is, the situations in which one army encounters another in a battle to conquer or defend a territory. Recently, however, much attention has been paid to asymmetric warfare and, accordingly, to phenomena such as guerrilla tactics, terrorism, hostage taking and a range of identity-rel…
From refugee camps to gated communities
The article addresses the situation of the asylum seeker as an instantiation of the ‘homo sacer’, the ultimate biopolitical subject whose life is stripped of cultural and political forms. The focus is on the socio‐spatial mechanisms that immobilize asylum seekers in ‘non‐places’ such as accommodation centers in which they lead a life in a permanent state of exception and detention centers into which they are forced without trial. To offer a syste…
The camp
Walter Benjamin has famously pointed out that we are living in a society in which the exception has become a norm. Giorgio Agamben adds to this claim another one, that the spatial ordering principle for this new order is the camp. This article focuses on this diagnosis. We do not, however, discuss its validity but rather unpack what is meant when the concept of camp is used. The camp is, we argue, given by three structuring principles that might …
Sea, sun, sex and the discontents of pleasure
This article focuses on party tourism as a kind of hedonism enjoyed on a massive scale in which the citizen is transformed into a ‘party animal’, a reduction which is experienced as a liberation from the daily routine of the ‘city’ or civilization, and in which the pursuit of unlimited enjoyment creates an exceptional zone where the body as an object of desire and as abject become indistinguishable. In this process, sociality tends to be reformed…
Zones of Indistinction
Since the late 1970s, the focus on the “urban question” has shifted from the question of social movements to the question of social control and violence, from political struggle to “postpolitical” risk management. In this context, the city is increasingly transformed into a “network city”: fragmented space held together by technologies of mobility and flexible forms of power. The transition from “disciplinary society” to “societies of control” is…
And Postpolitics
The immanence of terror, regardless of its source, is evident not only in the protagonists' behaviour, but also in their choice of methods, pathological copies of the enemy like those made by a retrovirus of the attacked cell
Artworks' Networks
Focusing on the connections between the artwork and its internal and external network, the article presents four different approaches to the sociology of art developed by Lyotard, Bourdieu, Luhmann, and Hennion and Latour. While Lyotard, from a phiosophical point of view, emphasizes the transcendence of the artwork in relation to its network, for Bourdieu the work of art is part of a network and the 'social genesis' grounds the artwork as an artw…
City of God
Well over a millennium and a half ago, Augustine distinguished between two cities: the Heavenly City and the Earthly City. While one was the site of all that was holy and spiritual, the place of faith, the other was foul and wicked, the realm of the flesh. Such dichotomies, expanded into a full‐fledged binary logic, persist in the way that we think about cities today. But as Bülent Diken shows in these reflections on João Fernando Meirelles' film…
Radical Critique as the Paradox of Post‐Political Society
This article focuses on the intimate relationship between two concepts, revolution and critique, arguing that the understanding of radical critique within social and aesthetic theory was directly inspired by the concept of revolution – revolution as a libertarian utopia that links critical thought with its epoch. However, despite its previous role as the most important concept of modern social life, politics and critical thought, in today’s post‐…
Fire as a Metaphor of (Im)Mobility
The article deals with fire as a metaphor of radical socio‐political change, focusing on the paradoxical relationship between mobility and immobility. It opens with a topological discussion where fire signifies an instance of ‘absolute immobility’, or, politically speaking, the ‘emergency break’ of the empty, chronological time. There is, however, a pharmakon‐like, aporetic dimension to fire. The article articulates this dimension in the context …
The (Impossible) Society of Spite
In the primordial scene, which Girard has described, society is constituted on the basis of the lynching mob, whose mimetic desire, envy and egotism culminate in sacrificing the scapegoat. With spite, though, we confront the opposite situation, in which the mimetic desire does not establish but rather destroys 'society'. Here everybody, and not only the scapegoat, is threatened with destruction. Regarding the genealogy of spite, the article elabo…
The ghost of Auschwitz
The article deals with the “riddle” of testimony in the context of Auschwitz. Trying to move beyond the reliance on “experience” on the one hand and the danger of “trivializing” the Holocaust on the other, we focus on the intermediary space in between the two approaches to the Holocaust, and discuss the possibility of an ethics that takes point of departure in Muselmann’s naked body. In this context we read Giorgio Agamben’s Remnants of Auschwitz…
Neo-Despotism as Anti-Despotism
I treat despotism as a virtual concept. Thus it is necessary to expose its actualizations even when it appears as its opposite, refusing to recognize itself as despotism. I define despotism initially as arbitrary rule, in terms of a monstrous transgression of the law. But since the monster is grounded in its very formlessness, it cannot be demonstrated. However, one can always try to de-monstrate it through disagreements. In doing this, I deal wi…
Critique as Justification - and Beyond
The article discusses the predicament of contemporary critique by focusing on a theoretical case, the 'sociology of critique' as it is formulated by Boltanski and Thévenot (2006) and developed by Boltanski and Chiapello (2007) . This sociology is critical of critical theory and endeavours to supplement critical theory with a 'theory of critique', with a pragmatic analysis of the normative values that inspire intentional action. In order to be cri…
Acts of Genocide
Postal Economies of the Orient
Neo‐Slavery as Instrumentalization
Despite being perceived as a remnant of the past, slavery persists in today's increasingly economized and biopoliticized world. To thematize the actuality of slavery, we initially return to Aristotle's discussion/justification of slavery as instrumentalization of human beings. Then we revisit Plato's allegory of the cave through three distinct readings. This threefold reading enables us to frame three present‐day cases/examples to reconsider slav…
Flattery, Truth-telling, and Social Theory
This article deals with the 'problem' of flattery ( kolakeia ) as a specific form of activity, contrasted to parrhesia . Who is the flatterer? In which ethical-political contexts does the flatterer act? With what cultural, social, and political consequences? Discussing such questions, the article revitalizes the concept of flattery, showing its enduring constitutive role in social life. I start with giving an account of flattery in ancient litera…
Profanation in Spinoza and Badiou
This article focuses on two different styles of profanation in Spinoza and Badiou. Notwithstanding the significant differences between them, their shared desire for profanation testifies to an interesting convergence. I deal with this convergence in divergence as a case of disjunctive synthesis through a comparison of the different understandings of religion in Spinoza and Badiou's truth procedures. It is commonly held that Spinoza operates with …
Political Spirituality
The article thematizes the difference between superstition and faith through an allegorical double reading of social theory and Ken Russell’s film The Devils. It discusses the political implications of this difference, contrasting the function of “love of God” in mysticism and in the governmental economy of the church. Crucially, love is originally a universal, immanent impulse, which is captured by religion. But if religion is an apparatus of ca…
The emancipated city
The article deals with 2013 revolts in Turkey as an attempt at inventing a link between the particular and the universal. To start with, I briefly discuss the history of Turkish republicanism and the transformation of its relation to secularism, economy and the state. Then I turn to the political dimension of the revolts, focusing on the iconic figures of subjectivity that emerged during the events. In this respect, the practical and theoretical …
The ghost of Spartacus
The spirits are, insists Derrida. Humanity is a 'series of ghosts' (Derrida 1994: 138). Since every identity has, beyond its actual existence, a virtual continuity with the past and the future, becoming 'can only maintain itself with some ghosts', certain others, who are no longer or not yet present but nevertheless real (1994: xvii). Indeed, any event, any occurrence of the new, carries with it an injunction to remember, to keep up the 'conversa…
The Hurt Locker
The article approaches The Hurt Locker, an enthusiastically received “critical” film, as a symptom of today's prevailing cultural and political codes. First we dwell on the homologies between the state of exception and the narrative logic of the film, including its reflection on the banalization of exception. This is followed by a parallel between the biopolitical optic of the film and today's dominant ideology, which Badiou calls “democratic mat…
Climates of Nihilism
We two will never twin”
Tell me your enemy and I will tell you who you are. This article takes issue with the significant but often disavowed symbiotic relation between two contemporary enemies: fundamentalism and the politics of security. We start with a metaphorical twinning, showing how these two enemies create, provoke, mimic and ultimately support each other. Then, by way of a discourse analysis, we show the way religion functions in Bush's and Bin Laden's discours…
Immigration, multiculturalism and post politics after ‘nine eleven’
Postal Economies of the Orient
Indistinktion
Fokuset på det urbane spørgsmål er siden slutningen af 1970erne forskudt fra spørgsmålet om sociale bevægelser til spørgsmålet om social kontrol og vold, fra politisk kamp til ‘postpolitisk’ risikohåndtering. Byen transformeres dermed i stigende grad til en netværksby: til et fragmenteret rum holdt sammen af mobilitetsbaserede teknologier og fleksible former for magtudøvelse. Inden for denne kontekst er skiftet fra et ‘disciplinsamfund’ til et ‘k…
Zones of Indistinction
Since the late 1970s, the focus on the “urban question” has shifted from the question of social movements to the question of social control and violence, from political struggle to “postpolitical” risk management. In this context, the city is increasingly transformed into a “network city”: fragmented space held together by technologies of mobility and flexible forms of power. The transition from “disciplinary society” to “societies of control” is…
Fra 7-eleven til 9.11—terror i netværkssamfundet
I det vi anlægger en “sociologiserende” tilgang til de politiske og kulturelle approprieringer af 11. september, er det artiklens overordnede mål at forbinde 9.11 med globalisering (7-eleven). Vi åbner med at sondre mellem den klassiske og den nye terror og forholder herefter denne sondring til diskussionen af sikkerhedspolitikkens form. Dette giver anledning til en diskussion af, i hvilken forstand globalisering og terror deler netværkets logik …
Sea, sun, sex and the discontents of pleasure
This article focuses on party tourism as a kind of hedonism enjoyed on a massive scale in which the citizen is transformed into a ‘party animal’, a reduction which is experienced as a liberation from the daily routine of the ‘city’ or civilization, and in which the pursuit of unlimited enjoyment creates an exceptional zone where the body as an object of desire and as abject become indistinguishable. In this process, sociality tends to be reformed…
And Postpolitics
The immanence of terror, regardless of its source, is evident not only in the protagonists' behaviour, but also in their choice of methods, pathological copies of the enemy like those made by a retrovirus of the attacked cell
From refugee camps to gated communities
The article addresses the situation of the asylum seeker as an instantiation of the ‘homo sacer’, the ultimate biopolitical subject whose life is stripped of cultural and political forms. The focus is on the socio‐spatial mechanisms that immobilize asylum seekers in ‘non‐places’ such as accommodation centers in which they lead a life in a permanent state of exception and detention centers into which they are forced without trial. To offer a syste…
Artworks' Networks
Focusing on the connections between the artwork and its internal and external network, the article presents four different approaches to the sociology of art developed by Lyotard, Bourdieu, Luhmann, and Hennion and Latour. While Lyotard, from a phiosophical point of view, emphasizes the transcendence of the artwork in relation to its network, for Bourdieu the work of art is part of a network and the 'social genesis' grounds the artwork as an artw…
The Culture of Exception
We live in an ever-fragmenting society, in which distinctions between culture and nature, biology and politics, law and transgression, mobility and immobility, reality and representation, seem to be disappearing. This book demonstrates the hidden logic beneath this process, which is also the logic of 'the camp'. Social theory has traditionally interpreted the camp as an anomaly, as an exceptional site situated on the margins of society, aiming to…
At jagte sin egen skygge
Bülent Diken og Carsten Bagge Laustsen: Stalking your own shadow Tell me your enemy and I will tell you who you are. This article takes issue with the significant but often disavowed symbiotic relation between two contemporary enemies: fundamentalism and the politics of security. We start with a metaphorical twinning, showing how these two enemies create, provoke, mimic and ultimately support each other. Then, by way of a discourse analysis, we s…
City of God
Well over a millennium and a half ago, Augustine distinguished between two cities: the Heavenly City and the Earthly City. While one was the site of all that was holy and spiritual, the place of faith, the other was foul and wicked, the realm of the flesh. Such dichotomies, expanded into a full‐fledged binary logic, persist in the way that we think about cities today. But as Bülent Diken shows in these reflections on João Fernando Meirelles' film…
Becoming Abject
Organized rape has been an integral aspect of warfare for a long time even though classics on warfare have predominantly focused on theorizing 'regular' warfare, that is, the situations in which one army encounters another in a battle to conquer or defend a territory. Recently, however, much attention has been paid to asymmetric warfare and, accordingly, to phenomena such as guerrilla tactics, terrorism, hostage taking and a range of identity-rel…
The ghost of Auschwitz
The article deals with the “riddle” of testimony in the context of Auschwitz. Trying to move beyond the reliance on “experience” on the one hand and the danger of “trivializing” the Holocaust on the other, we focus on the intermediary space in between the two approaches to the Holocaust, and discuss the possibility of an ethics that takes point of departure in Muselmann’s naked body. In this context we read Giorgio Agamben’s Remnants of Auschwitz…
From Exception to Rule
Sol, sommer, strand… og biopolitik
We two will never twin”
Tell me your enemy and I will tell you who you are. This article takes issue with the significant but often disavowed symbiotic relation between two contemporary enemies: fundamentalism and the politics of security. We start with a metaphorical twinning, showing how these two enemies create, provoke, mimic and ultimately support each other. Then, by way of a discourse analysis, we show the way religion functions in Bush's and Bin Laden's discours…
The camp
Walter Benjamin has famously pointed out that we are living in a society in which the exception has become a norm. Giorgio Agamben adds to this claim another one, that the spatial ordering principle for this new order is the camp. This article focuses on this diagnosis. We do not, however, discuss its validity but rather unpack what is meant when the concept of camp is used. The camp is, we argue, given by three structuring principles that might …
From War to War
A reading of Golding's Lord of the Flies as an allegory of a biopolitical or postpolitical society that elevates “security” to the most sacred principle of organization as a permanent state of exception and attempts to combine it with consumerism. It is in this context that spite, an impotent and self-sacrificial violence, reemerges as a postpolitical strategy
Houellebecq, or, the Carnival of Spite
Despite their significance in social reality and in fiction, ressentiment and especially spite are surprisingly under‐researched topics. As the repressed other of the contemporary post‐political society, they often combine political impotence and enjoyment in passivity, two experiences that are closely related to the increasing transformation of the “city” into the state of nature, of politics to bio‐politics (or post‐politics) and of the “social…
Sociofiktion
Ved det nittende rhundredes slutning s to
Climates of Nihilism
Acts of Genocide
Sacrifice as Gothic Romance
Radical Critique as the Paradox of Post‐Political Society
This article focuses on the intimate relationship between two concepts, revolution and critique, arguing that the understanding of radical critique within social and aesthetic theory was directly inspired by the concept of revolution – revolution as a libertarian utopia that links critical thought with its epoch. However, despite its previous role as the most important concept of modern social life, politics and critical thought, in today’s post‐…
Philosophy (32 obras) · Sociology (31 obras) · Political science (30 obras) · Law (28 obras) · Philosophy (24 obras) · Aesthetics (22 obras) · Politics (21 obras) · Epistemology (20 obras) · Law (18 obras) · History (16 obras)