John T Scott
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 981805 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | John T Scott |
| NOMBRES | John T |
| APELLIDO | Scott |
| FIRMA | SCOTT J T |
| AFILIACIONES | University of California, Davis |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4260-0090 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 45 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 259 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 45 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1976 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
The paradoxical perfection of perfectibilité
Rousseau coined the term perfectibilité to name what he claimed was the faculty that distinguished human beings from other animals. Although Rousseau himself largely associated perfectibility with the tendency of the human race to become corrupt, later thinkers adopted his term but then transformed it into a concept denoting the human capacity for progress. This article has two goals. The first goal is to analyse Rousseau's discussion of perfecti…
Rousseau and the Development of Identity
Scholars from very different interpretive traditions agree that Rousseau’s conception of human nature and the self constitutes a pivotal point in the history of philosophy. I focus on one important aspect of his investigation into human nature and the self: the development of identity. I reconstruct his understanding of the development of identity as articulated in the Discourse on Inequality and Emile , focusing on the psychological interplay of…
Machiavelli’s Catilinarian Oration
In the Discourses on Livy, Machiavelli claims that writers who are afraid to condemn Caesar instead criticize Catiline. I argue that Machiavelli follows this advice by inverting it. He openly condemns Caesar and the empire he founded while signaling that he has in mind another inimical example: the Church. He signals his intention by echoing Cicero’s fourth Catilinarian oration, imitating Cicero’s image of the ruin of Rome if Catiline’s conspirac…
Introduction
Constitutional Innovation and Imitation in the American States
The widespread adoption of written constitutions is one of the most notable developments in institutional design in politics over the past 250 years. The American states offer a rich place to study constitutional innovation and imitation as being among the first political bodies to adopt constitutions and also given that they often replaced them, in both cases innovating and learning from one another. In this paper, we use quantitative text analy…
Scientific publications at U.S. federal research laboratories
Rousseau’s Observations on Inequality and the Causes of Moral Corruption
Rousseau’s passionate attack on inequalities political, social, and economic, his critique of reigning governments in the name of democracy, and his questioning of the authority of science or philosophy in defense of moral virtue shook the century of Enlightenment and the aftershocks are still felt today. We examine a neglected but important writing in which he first brings together his diverse but interrelated preoccupations: the Observations, h…
Mutual Sympathy and the Moral Economy
Contemporary concerns with the prospects for capitalism and its potentially deleterious effects are an episode in an ongoing debate over commercial society going back nearly three centuries. Adam Smith and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were leading figures on opposed sides in the eighteenth-century debate, and yet scholars have recently highlighted the remarkably similar way Smith and Rousseau both diagnose the potential psychological, moral, and economi…
The Fortune of Machiavelli’s Unarmed Prophet
This article presents a comprehensive examination of the role of Savonarola in The Prince to show how Machiavelli draws on Savonarolan themes and language and adapts them for a new understanding of politics that weds a gimlet-eyed attention to the “effectual truth of the thing” and a prophetic call to action. I examine Machiavelli’s explicit and implicit treatments of Savonarola in The Prince and show how they tie together the most important them…
The Routledge Guidebook to Machiavelli's The Prince
Niccolò Machiavelli’s The Prince is one of the most influential works in the history of political thought and the adjective Machiavellian is well-known and perhaps even over-used. So why does the meaning of the text continue to be debated to the present day? And how does a contemporary reader get to grips with a book full of references to the politics of the early 16th Century? The Routledge Guidebook to Machiavelli’s The Prince provides readers …
Routledge Guidebook to Machiavelli's the Prince
Routledge Guidebook to Machiavelli's the Prince
Routledge Guidebook to Machiavelli's the Prince
Routledge Guidebook to Machiavelli's the Prince
Routledge Guidebook to Machiavelli's the Prince
Spontaneous Disorder in Adam Smith’sTheory of Moral Sentiments
Adam Smith is celebrated for championing spontaneous order, most famously with regard to economic markets but more recently in his moral and political theory. Yet scholars who see an “invisible hand” at work in creating psychological harmony and political order often underestimate the disharmony endemic to moral spectatorship, most importantly with regard to the critical issue of justice. We show that resentment, the inherently discordant passion…
The Illustrative Education of Rousseau'sEmile
Rousseau's mission as an author was to make his readers see what he saw in his philosophical "illumination," yet his task is a paradoxical one, for he must persuade his readers that they are deceived by what they see before their own eyes and must learn to see anew. In order to transform the perspective of his reader, Rousseau throughout his works uses visual imagery and rhetorical devices invoking vision that represents both the correct view of …
Capitol Mobility
The location of a government's capital can profoundly influence the nature and quality of political representation. Yet scholars know very little about what drives the siting of political capitals. In this article, we examine the location and relocation of political capitals in the United States, including the choice of Washington, DC, as the nation's capital and the location and relocation of capitals in the 48 contiguous American states. We arg…
The Major Political Writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Do You See What I See? The Education of the Reader in Rousseau'sEmile
Rousseau first glimpsed the principle of the natural goodness of man in the so-called “Illumination of Vincennes,” and he made it his mission as an author to persuade his readers of the truth of that vision. Rousseau must persuade his readers that they are deceived by what they see before their own eyes and that they must learn to see anew—through his eyes. In order to educate his reader, Rousseau consistently uses rhetorical and literary techniq…
Sin City
We examine Machiavelli’s critical appropriation of Augustine’s analysis of Rome’s decline and fall in order to understand his own interpretation of Rome and the lessons it offers for a successful republic. If Machiavelli’s departure from Augustine is obvious, as seen for example in his exculpation of Romulus for the fratricide Augustine condemns, equally illuminating is what Machiavelli borrows from him. For Augustine, Romulus’ fratricide disclos…
Courting the Public
Scholars and judges commonly maintain that courts require institutional legitimacy in order to be an effective institution of government and that such legitimacy depends on judges making legally principled, neutral decisions. Two principal ways judges can signal the neutrality of decisions are the size of the majority coalition and the treatment of precedent: opinions with larger majorities or grounded in precedent project to the public that they…
What's Fair in Foul Weather and Fair? Distributive Justice across Different Allocation Contexts and Goods
The Gulf coast hurricanes of a few years ago vividly highlighted important questions concerning the fair distribution of resources that are of continual concern in the more mundane distributive policies of the modern state. We present an experimental study of allocation decisions across two allocation contexts—nonemergency and emergency (flood) conditions—and with regard to qualitatively different goods—money, prescription medicine, and food. Dis…
The Cold War on Ice
We examine judge bias in Olympic figure skating as an exploratory analysis of a leading constructivist approach to identity using quantitative methods more closely associated with non-constructivist social science. While constructivism is a major theoretical orientation in international relations, large-n quantitative studies of the approach are uncommon in large measure due to the principal argument of constructivists: that interests should be t…
Rousseau's Politic Argument in the Discourse on the Sciences and Arts
Courting the Public
Scholars and judges commonly maintain that courts require institutional legitimacy in order to be an effective institution of government and that such legitimacy depends on judges making legally principled, neutral decisions. Two principal ways judges can signal the neutrality of decisions are the size of the majority coalition and the treatment of precedent: opinions with larger majorities or grounded in precedent project to the public that they…
Just Deserts
nderstanding distributive justice norms is important for both normative and empirical research across political science and other disciplines."What is justice?" has been a central question in political and moral theory for over two millennia."Is it just?" is a question politicians, policy makers, and citizens face in deciding how to distribute benefi ts and burdens in society.Finally, the question "What do people believe is just?" interests resea…
Doing Rawls Justice
Distributive justice has been the focus of political theory with the postwar rise of the social welfare state, and Rawls' A Theory of Justice (1971) is arguably the most important work of political philosophy during that period. Parallel to this theoretical literature is a body of empirical research into distributive justice. We offer a synthesis of the theoretical and empirical approaches with an experimental study of how individuals use allocat…
Political Networks
What's Fair in Foul Weather and Fair? Distributive Justice across Different Allocation Contexts and Goods
The Gulf coast hurricanes of a few years ago vividly highlighted important questions concerning the fair distribution of resources that are of continual concern in the more mundane distributive policies of the modern state. We present an experimental study of allocation decisions across two allocation contexts—nonemergency and emergency (flood) conditions—and with regard to qualitatively different goods—money, prescription medicine, and food. Dis…
Rousseau's Anti-Agenda-Setting Agenda and Contemporary Democratic Theory
In his recent article, "Rousseau on Agenda-Setting and Majority Rule" (2003), Ethan Putterman examines how the democratic principle of popular majority rule might be reconciled with agenda-setting by legislative experts through an analysis of Rousseau's political theory. He argues that Rousseau accomplishes this reconciliation through a novel separation of powers between the legislative and the executive powers where the sovereign people delegate…
Rousseau and the Melodious Language of Freedom
Although known primarily as a political thinker, Rousseau was also a musician and a musical theorist In his writings on music and language, Rousseau develops a theory of the natural basis of culture and cultural variability. This theory centers on humans' ability to recognize the passions communicated by members of their community and explains the variability of those passions and of their expression in different communities Underlying both the c…
The Theodicy of theSecond Discourse
Since Rousseau, and perhaps because of him, political theory has often been characterized by a disjunction between considerations of human nature and questions of justice and law. Yet, reexamining theSecond Discourseas a theodicy forces us to rethink how the essential questions of political theory are related just where they seem to become separated. The core of the theodicy is Rousseau's view that we are, by nature, physical beings embedded unpr…
Spontaneous Disorder in Adam Smith’sTheory of Moral Sentiments
Adam Smith is celebrated for championing spontaneous order, most famously with regard to economic markets but more recently in his moral and political theory. Yet scholars who see an “invisible hand” at work in creating psychological harmony and political order often underestimate the disharmony endemic to moral spectatorship, most importantly with regard to the critical issue of justice. We show that resentment, the inherently discordant passion…
The Sovereignless State and Locke's Language of Obligation
Modern liberal states are founded on individual rights and popular sovereignty. These doctrines are conceptually and historically intertwined but are in theoretical and practical tension. Locke's political theory is a source for proponents of both doctrines, and the same tension that runs through modern liberal thought and practice can be found in his theory. Rather than define the state in terms of a single sovereign authority, Locke constructs …
Patricide and the Plot ofThe Prince
An understanding of Machiavelli's assessment of Cesare Borgia inThe Princeis essential for interpreting his view of politics, but the ambiguity of that assessment has led to vastly different conclusions about Machiavelli's political teaching and Cesare's significance. We approach Machiavelli's ultimate intentions through a consideration of his more immediate concern for Italy. Machiavelli's great interest in Cesare and his criticism of this poten…
The Cold War on Ice
We examine judge bias in Olympic figure skating as an exploratory analysis of a leading constructivist approach to identity using quantitative methods more closely associated with non-constructivist social science. While constructivism is a major theoretical orientation in international relations, large-n quantitative studies of the approach are uncommon in large measure due to the principal argument of constructivists: that interests should be t…
Capitol Mobility
The location of a government's capital can profoundly influence the nature and quality of political representation. Yet scholars know very little about what drives the siting of political capitals. In this article, we examine the location and relocation of political capitals in the United States, including the choice of Washington, DC, as the nation's capital and the location and relocation of capitals in the 48 contiguous American states. We arg…
Sin City
We examine Machiavelli’s critical appropriation of Augustine’s analysis of Rome’s decline and fall in order to understand his own interpretation of Rome and the lessons it offers for a successful republic. If Machiavelli’s departure from Augustine is obvious, as seen for example in his exculpation of Romulus for the fratricide Augustine condemns, equally illuminating is what Machiavelli borrows from him. For Augustine, Romulus’ fratricide disclos…
Do You See What I See? The Education of the Reader in Rousseau'sEmile
Rousseau first glimpsed the principle of the natural goodness of man in the so-called “Illumination of Vincennes,” and he made it his mission as an author to persuade his readers of the truth of that vision. Rousseau must persuade his readers that they are deceived by what they see before their own eyes and that they must learn to see anew—through his eyes. In order to educate his reader, Rousseau consistently uses rhetorical and literary techniq…
"Politics as the Imitation of the Divine in Rousseau's "Social Contract
Rousseau's Social Contract is a staple of western political thought, widely and variously interpreted. This article argues that it is better understood when one sees how Rousseau intends politics to be an imitation of the divine. Treating Rousseau's natural theology as an essential part of his political philisophy, the author explores the character of the State, the nature and functioning of the general will, and the role of the legislator, and c…
Constitutional Innovation and Imitation in the American States
The widespread adoption of written constitutions is one of the most notable developments in institutional design in politics over the past 250 years. The American states offer a rich place to study constitutional innovation and imitation as being among the first political bodies to adopt constitutions and also given that they often replaced them, in both cases innovating and learning from one another. In this paper, we use quantitative text analy…
Rousseau's Politic Argument in the Discourse on the Sciences and Arts
Rousseau's arguments often turn on a correct understanding of the relationship between cause and effect. We argue that the principal cause‐effect argument of the Discourse is actually the opposite of the one Rousseau appears to posit in his work. Whereas he initially seems to argue that the sciences and arts corrupt morals, his ultimate argument is that the corruption of morals is the cause of the advancement of the sciences and arts and of their…
Mutual Sympathy and the Moral Economy
Contemporary concerns with the prospects for capitalism and its potentially deleterious effects are an episode in an ongoing debate over commercial society going back nearly three centuries. Adam Smith and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were leading figures on opposed sides in the eighteenth-century debate, and yet scholars have recently highlighted the remarkably similar way Smith and Rousseau both diagnose the potential psychological, moral, and economi…
The Illustrative Education of Rousseau'sEmile
Rousseau's mission as an author was to make his readers see what he saw in his philosophical "illumination," yet his task is a paradoxical one, for he must persuade his readers that they are deceived by what they see before their own eyes and must learn to see anew. In order to transform the perspective of his reader, Rousseau throughout his works uses visual imagery and rhetorical devices invoking vision that represents both the correct view of …
The Harmony between Rousseau's Musical Theory and His Philosophy
The Harmony Between Rousseau’s Musical Theory and his Philosophy John T. Scott Rousseau is best known as the author of philosophic works, but he was a musician and musical theorist before he burst onto the European literary scene with his First Discourse. While he earned celebrity as an anti-philosophical philosopher, he continued to consider music as his primary vocation and avocation throughout his life. Rousseau testifies to the harmony betwee…
Paradigms and Fairy Tales
Paradigms and Fairy Tales
Homogenizing Deconcentration
Asch, Peter, and Joseph J. Seneca, Is Collusion Profitable? this REVIEW 58 (Feb. 1976), 1-12. Block, M. K., F. C. Nold and J. G. Sidak, The Deterrent Effect of Antitrust Enforcement: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, Technical Report ISDDE-1-78, Hoover Institution, Dec. 1978. Clabault, James M., and John F. Burton, Jr., Sherman Act Indictments, 1955-1965 (New York: Federal Legal Publications, 1966). Feinberg, Robert M., Structure and Employme…
The Pure Capital-Cost Barrier to Entry
A barrier to entry is a structural trait of a market implying that incumbent sellers can earn more than a normal rate of return without attracting entry (Bain, 1956; 1968, chapter 8). As regards capital costs, incumbents may have an absolute cost advantage because barriers to entry resulting from product differentiation, economies of scale, or impacted technological information increase the uncertainty enveloping the potential entrant's investmen…
Multimarket Contact and Economic Performance
FOR the economy to work well, resources should flow freely from one industry to another in response to changing demands and costs. In textbooks, this process is via the capital market and entry and exit of firms. But entry can be by new firms or existing ones through diversification. Williamson (1970) and Weston (1970) stress advantages of internal capital transfers over the market.' Gort (1962, p. 4) and Rumelt (1974, p. 2) state multimarket ope…
Beyond Firm and Industry Effects on Profitability in Imperfect Markets
The Federal Trade Commission's Line of Business data imply that the effect of an industry's seller concentration on profitability has been misinterpreted because it has not been conditioned on capital intensity. Conclusions that market share rather than seller concentration is the primary structural determinant of profitability, and that mutual dependence recognized among oligopolistic sellers is less important than superiority effects of large-s…
Political Networks
The Theodicy of theSecond Discourse
Since Rousseau, and perhaps because of him, political theory has often been characterized by a disjunction between considerations of human nature and questions of justice and law. Yet, reexamining theSecond Discourseas a theodicy forces us to rethink how the essential questions of political theory are related just where they seem to become separated. The core of the theodicy is Rousseau's view that we are, by nature, physical beings embedded unpr…
"Politics as the Imitation of the Divine in Rousseau's "Social Contract
Rousseau's Social Contract is a staple of western political thought, widely and variously interpreted. This article argues that it is better understood when one sees how Rousseau intends politics to be an imitation of the divine. Treating Rousseau's natural theology as an essential part of his political philisophy, the author explores the character of the State, the nature and functioning of the general will, and the role of the legislator, and c…
Patricide and the Plot ofThe Prince
An understanding of Machiavelli's assessment of Cesare Borgia inThe Princeis essential for interpreting his view of politics, but the ambiguity of that assessment has led to vastly different conclusions about Machiavelli's political teaching and Cesare's significance. We approach Machiavelli's ultimate intentions through a consideration of his more immediate concern for Italy. Machiavelli's great interest in Cesare and his criticism of this poten…
Rousseau and the Melodious Language of Freedom
Although known primarily as a political thinker, Rousseau was also a musician and a musical theorist In his writings on music and language, Rousseau develops a theory of the natural basis of culture and cultural variability. This theory centers on humans' ability to recognize the passions communicated by members of their community and explains the variability of those passions and of their expression in different communities Underlying both the c…
The Harmony between Rousseau's Musical Theory and His Philosophy
The Harmony Between Rousseau’s Musical Theory and his Philosophy John T. Scott Rousseau is best known as the author of philosophic works, but he was a musician and musical theorist before he burst onto the European literary scene with his First Discourse. While he earned celebrity as an anti-philosophical philosopher, he continued to consider music as his primary vocation and avocation throughout his life. Rousseau testifies to the harmony betwee…
The Sovereignless State and Locke's Language of Obligation
Modern liberal states are founded on individual rights and popular sovereignty. These doctrines are conceptually and historically intertwined but are in theoretical and practical tension. Locke's political theory is a source for proponents of both doctrines, and the same tension that runs through modern liberal thought and practice can be found in his theory. Rather than define the state in terms of a single sovereign authority, Locke constructs …
Just Deserts
nderstanding distributive justice norms is important for both normative and empirical research across political science and other disciplines."What is justice?" has been a central question in political and moral theory for over two millennia."Is it just?" is a question politicians, policy makers, and citizens face in deciding how to distribute benefi ts and burdens in society.Finally, the question "What do people believe is just?" interests resea…
Land and Allegiance in Revolutionary Georgia
Doing Rawls Justice
Distributive justice has been the focus of political theory with the postwar rise of the social welfare state, and Rawls' A Theory of Justice (1971) is arguably the most important work of political philosophy during that period. Parallel to this theoretical literature is a body of empirical research into distributive justice. We offer a synthesis of the theoretical and empirical approaches with an experimental study of how individuals use allocat…
Universities as Research Partners
Universities are a key institution in the U.S. innovation system, and an important aspect of their involvement is the role they play in public-private partnerships. This note offers insights into the performance of industry-university research partnerships, using a survey of precommercial research projects funded by the Advanced Technology Program. Although results must be interpreted cautiously because of the small size of the sample, the study …
The Growth of Research Triangle Park
Doing Rawls Justice
Distributive justice has been the focus of political theory with the postwar rise of the social welfare state, and Rawls' A Theory of Justice (1971) is arguably the most important work of political philosophy during that period. Parallel to this theoretical literature is a body of empirical research into distributive justice. We offer a synthesis of the theoretical and empirical approaches with an experimental study of how individuals use allocat…
Rousseau's Politic Argument in the Discourse on the Sciences and Arts
Rousseau's Politic Argument in the Discourse on the Sciences and Arts
Rousseau's arguments often turn on a correct understanding of the relationship between cause and effect. We argue that the principal cause‐effect argument of the Discourse is actually the opposite of the one Rousseau appears to posit in his work. Whereas he initially seems to argue that the sciences and arts corrupt morals, his ultimate argument is that the corruption of morals is the cause of the advancement of the sciences and arts and of their…
Rousseau's Anti-Agenda-Setting Agenda and Contemporary Democratic Theory
In his recent article, "Rousseau on Agenda-Setting and Majority Rule" (2003), Ethan Putterman examines how the democratic principle of popular majority rule might be reconciled with agenda-setting by legislative experts through an analysis of Rousseau's political theory. He argues that Rousseau accomplishes this reconciliation through a novel separation of powers between the legislative and the executive powers where the sovereign people delegate…
The Cold War on Ice
We examine judge bias in Olympic figure skating as an exploratory analysis of a leading constructivist approach to identity using quantitative methods more closely associated with non-constructivist social science. While constructivism is a major theoretical orientation in international relations, large-n quantitative studies of the approach are uncommon in large measure due to the principal argument of constructivists: that interests should be t…
Courting the Public
Scholars and judges commonly maintain that courts require institutional legitimacy in order to be an effective institution of government and that such legitimacy depends on judges making legally principled, neutral decisions. Two principal ways judges can signal the neutrality of decisions are the size of the majority coalition and the treatment of precedent: opinions with larger majorities or grounded in precedent project to the public that they…
What's Fair in Foul Weather and Fair? Distributive Justice across Different Allocation Contexts and Goods
The Gulf coast hurricanes of a few years ago vividly highlighted important questions concerning the fair distribution of resources that are of continual concern in the more mundane distributive policies of the modern state. We present an experimental study of allocation decisions across two allocation contexts—nonemergency and emergency (flood) conditions—and with regard to qualitatively different goods—money, prescription medicine, and food. Dis…
Sin City
We examine Machiavelli’s critical appropriation of Augustine’s analysis of Rome’s decline and fall in order to understand his own interpretation of Rome and the lessons it offers for a successful republic. If Machiavelli’s departure from Augustine is obvious, as seen for example in his exculpation of Romulus for the fratricide Augustine condemns, equally illuminating is what Machiavelli borrows from him. For Augustine, Romulus’ fratricide disclos…
Political science (29 obras) · Law (27 obras) · Law (25 obras) · Politics (25 obras) · Philosophy (22 obras) · Philosophy (20 obras) · Sociology (20 obras) · Epistemology (19 obras) · Economics (14 obras) · Rousseau and Enlightenment Thought (13 obras)