A theory of implicit and explicit knowledge
Datos Bibliográficos
| ID | 23355492 |
|---|---|
| Autores | Zoltan Dienes (0000-0001-7454-3161, University of Sussex), Josef Perner (0000-0002-7855-0788, University of Salzburg) |
| Año | 1999 |
| Volumen | 22 |
| Número | 5 |
| Páginas | 735-808 |
| Fecha de publicación | 1999-10-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Sí |
| Open Access | Sí |
| Tipo | ARTICLE |
| Revista | Behavioral and Brain Sciences (JOURNAL) |
| Identificadores de la revista | ISSN: 0140-525X • E-ISSN: 1469-1825 |
| Editorial | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s0140525x99002186 |
| PMID | 11301570 |
| OpenAlex | W2001098248 |
| Idioma | EN |
| Citas recibidas | 93 |
| Referencias citadas | 85 |
The implicit-explicit distinction is applied to knowledge representations. Knowledge is taken to be an attitude towards a proposition which is true. The proposition itself predicates a property to some entity. A number of ways in which knowledge can be implicit or explicit emerge. If a higher aspect is known explicitly then each lower one must also be known explicitly. This partial hierarchy reduces the number of ways in which knowledge can be explicit. In the most important type of implicit knowledge, representations merely reflect the property of objects or events without predicating them of any particular entity. The clearest cases of explicit knowledge of a fact are representations of one's own attitude of knowing that fact. These distinctions are discussed in their relationship to similar distinctions such as procedural-declarative, conscious-unconscious, verbalizable-nonverbalizable, direct-indirect tests, and automatic-voluntary control. This is followed by an outline of how these distinctions can be used to integrate and relate the often divergent uses of the implicit-explicit distinction in different research areas. We illustrate this for visual perception, memory, cognitive development, and artificial grammar learning.
Cognition · Cognitive psychology · Cognitive science · Descriptive knowledge · Epistemology · Explicit knowledge · Hierarchy · Implicit knowledge · Implicit Learning · Implicit memory · Knowledge base · Knowledge management · Perception · Procedural knowledge · Property (philosophy) · Proposition · Unconscious mind · Artificial Intelligence · Child and Animal Learning Development · Cognitive Science and Education Research · Computer Science · Psychology · Reading and Literacy Development
Theorizing the Local
Resolução de conflitos interpessoais e as histórias em quadrinhos
Conhecimento morfológico implícito e explícito na linguagem escrita
Internal and External Mechanisms of Englishization
Biting the Bullet
How can Human Beings Transgress their Biologically Based Views
A framework for the unification of the behavioral sciences
Do humans have two systems to track beliefs and belief-like states?
A review of EEG, ERP, and neuroimaging studies of creativity and insight
Theories of artificial grammar learning
Broad, subjective, relative
On the relative independence of thinking biases and cognitive ability
Children's differentiation between beliefs about matters of fact and matters of opinion
Theorizing the local
Implicit Learning in Second Language Acquisition
Explaining phenomena of first and second language acquisition with the constructs of implicit and explicit learning
Form-focused instruction and the measurement of implicit and explicit L2 knowledge
Artificial grammar learning
The cognitive functions of language
Measuring Implicit and Explicit Knowledge of a Second Language
The Knowledge‐Learning‐Instruction Framework
Perspective—Tacit Knowledge and Knowledge Conversion
What is so special about embodied simulation?
Measuring unconscious knowledge
Knowing your own heart
In two minds
Distinguishing the reflective, algorithmic, and autonomous minds
Dual-Process Theories of Higher Cognition
Chapter 11 Modes of Theorizing in Iranian Khorasan
Chapter 7 Music in Urban Space
Modelling Learning Difficulty and Second Language Proficiency
Explicit and Implicit Learning
Breaking club barriers
Explicity and implicity in the context of the category of evaluativeness (based on British sports discourse)
In-between implicit and explicit
“I like it” and “I need it”
What triggers explicit awareness in implicit sequence learning? Implications from theories of consciousness
Probing the Construct Validity of Llama_d as a Measure of Implicit Learning Aptitude
Influence of biological kinematics on learning the number concepts 6 to 9 in kindergarten
Towards the integrated study of the dialogical self and agency to research personal change in education / Hacia el estudio integrado del yo dialógico y la agencia para investigar el cambio personal en educación
Dynamic development of intuitions and explicit knowledge during implicit learning
Prosody enhances learning of statistical dependencies from continuous speech streams in adults
Online processing and offline judgments of L2-English articles
Architecture of the mind and libertarian paternalism
Defining features versus incidental correlates of Type 1 and Type 2 processing
Subjective measures of unconscious knowledge of concepts
Los sistemas externos de representación como herramientas de la mente
Cómo conciben los niños su desarrollo como dibujantes? Una investigación mediante el dibujo de la figura humana
A Study on Congruence between Classical Nyaya Sutras and Modern Theories of Knowledge
Investigating grammatical difficulty in second language learning
ADHD children outperform normal children in an artificial grammar implicit learning task
Consciousness of the self (COS) and explicit knowledge
Are strategy shifts caused by data-driven processes or by voluntary processes
Implicit sequence learning and conscious awareness
Implicit visual learning
Action blindness in response to gradual changes
First- and third-person approaches in implicit learning research
Neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the experience of flow
The complexity of theory of mind
The influence of vertical motor responses on explicit and incidental processing of power words
Gambling on the unconscious
Now or never
Absence of advantageous wagering does not mean that awareness is fully abolished
Implicit visual learning and the expression of learning
Implicit knowledge and motor skill
An old problem
Developmental aspects of consciousness
Word-monitoring reaction time as a measure of implicit and explicit abstract phonological knowledge
Presence
A Review and Critique of Studies Examining Empathy in Infants
Beyond a unidimensional view
The emergence of awareness in uninstructed L2 learning
Spontaneous Transformation and Recovery From Problematic Eating
Natural myside bias is independent of cognitive ability
The interface issue in second language acquisition research
Piano Students’ Conceptions of Musical Scores as External Representations
On the Relationship between Intrinsic Saliency and Implicit Learning of Apologetic Strategies
The Development of Scientific Strategy Knowledge Across Grades
Kindergarten and primary school children’s implicit theories of learning to write
The Trans-textured Tourist
Using emotional cues in a discrimination learning task
In defense of a developmental dogma
A Theory of Aberrant Work-Life Navigation
The repressed and implicit knowledge
Beyond ‘Interaction’
Self-referring as self-directed action
O desenvolvimento da autocompreensão em posturas pedagógicas
Intuition
Analogical Cognition
The Definition and Measurement of L2 Explicit Knowledge
Automaticity
Implicit Learning in Production
Measuring Implicit and Explicit Knowledge in Second Language Research
Language, Thought, and Other Biological Categories
Naturalizing The Mind
The principles of psychology.
Protocol Analysis
The representing brain
Conscious and unconscious perception
Semantic activation without conscious identification in dichotic listening, parafoveal vision, and visual masking
Theory of mind and rule-based reasoning
The mismatch between gesture and speech as an index of transitional knowledge
V.—Knowledge by Acquaintance and Knowledge by Description
An age-related dissociation between knowing rules and using them
From meta-processes to conscious access
Memory and consciousness.
On a confusion about a function of consciousness
Functional aspects of recollective experience
Recognition memory for syntactic and semantic aspects of connected discourse
Implicit learning of artificial grammars
How to build a baby
Pretending and believing
A cognitive theory of pretense
Three‐year‐olds' difficulty with false belief
Distinguishing conscious from unconscious perceptual processes.
Implicit learning
Premotor cortex and the recognition of motor actions
Size-contrast illusions deceive the eye but not the hand
Using direct and indirect measures to study perception without awareness
Conscious and unconscious perception
Separating conscious and unconscious influences of memory
Priming with and without awareness
A solution to Plato's problem
Discrimination and learning without awareness
Memory and the hippocampus
Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems
Quantifiers and Propositional Attitudes
How we know our minds
From simple desires to ordinary beliefs
Attention to Action
Limited conscious monitoring of motor performance in normal subjects
Infants’ Metaphysics
Separate visual pathways for perception and action
Confirmation, disconfirmation, and information in hypothesis testing.
A process dissociation framework
Origins of knowledge.
Implicit memory
Family resemblances
Explaining culture
The Modularity of Mind
A Situated Grandmother? Some Remarks on Proposals by Barwise and Perry
Two concepts of consciousness
Lectures on Government and Binding
A Study of Concepts
Experiences of Remembering, Knowing, and Guessing
A Spatially Oriented Decision Does Not Induce Consciousness in a Motor Task
Attention, Awareness, and the Triangular Circuit
Beyond Consciousness of External Reality
Affective Discrimination and the Implicit Learning Process
Conscious vs Unconscious Processes
Essay on Necessity
The Origins of Complex Language
The logic of social exchange
Finding Structure in Time
Thought without Representation
What do people think they're doing? Action identification and human behavior
The Thinking ApeEvolutionary Origins of Intelligence
Literacy and Children's Conception of Words
On the Development of Mental Representation
New Look 3
What inhibits the mere-exposure effect
The Mind of a Savant
Believing in Language
Frege
The Nature of Mind and Other Essays
Attitudinal effects of mere exposure
Infants' use of object parts in early categorization
Response control and the execution of verbal rules
Why do infants make A not B errors in a search task, yet show memory for the location of hidden objects in a nonsearch task
Cognitivist or behaviourist ‐ Who can tell the difference? The case of implicit and explicit knowledge
The Grasp of Consciousness. Action and Concept in the Young Child
Actions, Reasons, and Causes
Concepts
Implicit and self-attributed dependency strivings
Pretense and representation
The empirical case for two systems of reasoning
Exposure and affect
Tacit Knowledge, Weapons Design, and the Uninvention of Nuclear Weapons
| Obras citantes distintas | 93 |
|---|---|
| Citas por año | 3,88 |
| Intervalo de citas | 2002 - 2026 (25) |
| Velocidad de citación | current |
| Altamente citado | No |
| Tipos de cita | Neutras: 80 |