Stanley A Mulaik
Biographic Data
| ID | 1011655 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stanley A Mulaik |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stanley A |
| FAMILY NAME | Mulaik |
| SIGNATURE | MULAIK S A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Georgia Institute of Technology |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 106 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 27 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1966 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2010 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
The Crystallization of Developmental Trajectories
Mumford and Owens claim to have established, based on cluster analysis, clusters of individuals representing groups of homogeneous, stable personality types that follow common developmental trajectories. Mumford et al. claim, based on multiple discriminant analysis, to have identified where these clusters have differentiated into personality types. It is argued here that many of these authors’ conclusions are based on statistical artifacts and an…
Foundations of Factor Analysis
Providing a practical, thorough understanding of how factor analysis works, Foundations of Factor Analysis, Second Edition discusses the assumptions underlying the equations and procedures of this method. It also explains the options in commercial computer programs for performing factor analysis and structural equation modeling. This long-awaited e
The Curve-Fitting Problem
Model simplicity in curve fitting is the fewness of parameters estimated. I use a vector model of least squares estimation to show that degrees of freedom, the difference between the number of observed parameters fit by the model and the number of explanatory parameters estimated, are the number of potential dimensions in which data are free to differ from a model and indicate the disconfirmability of the model. Though often thought to control fo…
Factor Analysis in Not Just a Model in Pure Mathematics
(1996). Factor Analysis in Not Just a Model in Pure Mathematics. Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 655-661
On Maraun's Deconstructing of Factor Indeterminancy with Constructed Factors
(1996). On Maraun's Deconstructing of Factor Indeterminancy with Constructed Factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 579-592
The Metaphoric Origins of Objectivity, Subjectivity, and Consciousness in The Direct Perception of Reality
This paper utilizes the theories of metaphor of George Lakoff, Mark Johnson and Julian Jaynes to extend Jaynes' metaphor theory of consciousness by treating consciousness as an operator that works with ‘covert behavior’ so that humans can integrate temporally discontinuous percepts with concepts based on metaphoric extensions of the embodied schemas of direct and immediate perception and thereby transcend the limitations of direct perception. A t…
Trait Ratings from Descriptions of Behavior As Mediated by Components of Meaning
This study examined the role language plays in mediating the influence of verbal descriptions of persons on trait ratings of those persons. Subjects were given written descriptions of the behavior of fictitious persons in a work situation and were asked to rate them on fifteen trait- adjective scales. In one condition of the experiment, specific information about certain traits was withheld, forcing subjects to rate persons on traits for which th…
Objectivity and Multivariate Statistics
Henry Felix Kaiser 1927-1992
Guttman's "Last Paper"
"Guttman's "Last Paper": A Commentary and Discussion Editor's Introduction." Multivariate Behavioral Research, 27(2), pp. 173–174
Factor Analysis, Information-Transforming Instruments, and Objectivity
Blurring the Distinctions Between Component Analysis and Common Factor Analysis
Evaluation of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models
Evaluation of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models
Discusses how current goodness-of-fit indices fail to assess parsimony and hence disconfirmability of a model and are insensitive to misspecifications of causal relations (a) among latent variables when measurement model with many indicators is correct and (b) when causal relations corresponding to free parameters expected to be nonzero turn out to be zero or near zero. A discussion of philosophy of parsimony elucidates relations of parsimony to …
Saul B. Sells (1913-1988)
Limited Information Parameter Estimates for Latent or Mixed Manifest and Latent Variable Models
We argue for separate analyses of the measurement and structural portions of latent or mixed manifest and latent variable models. We present limited information (single equation) procedures for estimating parameters in the structural portion of these models. These include parameter estimation procedures for recursive or nonrecursive relations, and procedures for testing zero-effect hypotheses. We then compare full and limited information estimate…
A Brief History of the Philosophical Foundations of Exploratory Factor Analysis
Exploratory factor analysis derives its key ideas from many sources. From the Greek rationalists and atomists comes the idea that appearance is to be explained by something not observed. From Aristotle comes the idea of induction and seeking common features of things as explanations of them. From Francis Bacon comes the idea of an automatic algorithm for inductively discovering common causes. From Descartes come the ideas of analysis and synthesi…
Toward a Synthesis of Deterministic and Probabilistic Formulations of Causal Relations by the Functional Relation Concept
There have been two principal paradigms for the formulation of the causal relation–logical implication and functional relationship. In this paper, I present a case for preferring the functional relationship formulation and then discuss how the functional relationship formulation may be implemented in the probabilistic case in a manner analogous to the way others have implemented the logical implication formulation in the probabilistic case. I sho…
Exploratory Statistics and Empiricism
Exploratory statistics represents the transformation of a realist theory of statistics held by early nineteenth-century astronomers into an empiricist theory of statistics held by biometricians at the turn of the twentieth century. This paper discusses four key ideas in empiricist thought that influenced the form exploratory statistics took: (1) Baconianism, (2) associationism, (3) the search for cognitive calculi, and (4) phenomenalism. Some lim…
Realism, pragmatism, and the implications of the new philosophy of science for psychology
Realism, pragmatism, and the implications of the new philosophy of science for psychology
Determinacy of common factors
Determinacy of common factors
Single-sample tests for many correlations
On Simple Structure and the Solution to Thurstone's Invariant Box Problem
Thurstone's invariant box problem has 2 features which prevent the finding of the obvious simple structure by any of the usual analytic methods of rotation
Evaluation of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models
Discusses how current goodness-of-fit indices fail to assess parsimony and hence disconfirmability of a model and are insensitive to misspecifications of causal relations (a) among latent variables when measurement model with many indicators is correct and (b) when causal relations corresponding to free parameters expected to be nonzero turn out to be zero or near zero. A discussion of philosophy of parsimony elucidates relations of parsimony to …
Single-sample tests for many correlations
Attitude toward birth control and cognitive consistency
Interviews of 256 (190 black--66 white) females between 15 and 44 years of age in a public housing project revealed significantly consistent family planning attitudes. Users of birth control had significantly more consistent attitude structures than nonusers. To produce attitude change optimal persuasive appeals should emphasize: 1) birth control does work; 2) birth control does not lead to specified detrimental consequences; 3) birth control lea…
Exploratory Statistics and Empiricism
Exploratory statistics represents the transformation of a realist theory of statistics held by early nineteenth-century astronomers into an empiricist theory of statistics held by biometricians at the turn of the twentieth century. This paper discusses four key ideas in empiricist thought that influenced the form exploratory statistics took: (1) Baconianism, (2) associationism, (3) the search for cognitive calculi, and (4) phenomenalism. Some lim…
Factor Analysis, Information-Transforming Instruments, and Objectivity
The Metaphoric Origins of Objectivity, Subjectivity, and Consciousness in The Direct Perception of Reality
This paper utilizes the theories of metaphor of George Lakoff, Mark Johnson and Julian Jaynes to extend Jaynes' metaphor theory of consciousness by treating consciousness as an operator that works with ‘covert behavior’ so that humans can integrate temporally discontinuous percepts with concepts based on metaphoric extensions of the embodied schemas of direct and immediate perception and thereby transcend the limitations of direct perception. A t…
Inferring the communality of a variable in a universe of variables
Attitude toward birth control and cognitive consistency
Interviews of 256 (190 black--66 white) females between 15 and 44 years of age in a public housing project revealed significantly consistent family planning attitudes. Users of birth control had significantly more consistent attitude structures than nonusers. To produce attitude change optimal persuasive appeals should emphasize: 1) birth control does work; 2) birth control does not lead to specified detrimental consequences; 3) birth control lea…
On Simple Structure and the Solution to Thurstone's Invariant Box Problem
Thurstone's invariant box problem has 2 features which prevent the finding of the obvious simple structure by any of the usual analytic methods of rotation
Single-sample tests for many correlations
Determinacy of common factors
Determinacy of common factors
Realism, pragmatism, and the implications of the new philosophy of science for psychology
Realism, pragmatism, and the implications of the new philosophy of science for psychology
Exploratory Statistics and Empiricism
Exploratory statistics represents the transformation of a realist theory of statistics held by early nineteenth-century astronomers into an empiricist theory of statistics held by biometricians at the turn of the twentieth century. This paper discusses four key ideas in empiricist thought that influenced the form exploratory statistics took: (1) Baconianism, (2) associationism, (3) the search for cognitive calculi, and (4) phenomenalism. Some lim…
Toward a Synthesis of Deterministic and Probabilistic Formulations of Causal Relations by the Functional Relation Concept
There have been two principal paradigms for the formulation of the causal relation–logical implication and functional relationship. In this paper, I present a case for preferring the functional relationship formulation and then discuss how the functional relationship formulation may be implemented in the probabilistic case in a manner analogous to the way others have implemented the logical implication formulation in the probabilistic case. I sho…
A Brief History of the Philosophical Foundations of Exploratory Factor Analysis
Exploratory factor analysis derives its key ideas from many sources. From the Greek rationalists and atomists comes the idea that appearance is to be explained by something not observed. From Aristotle comes the idea of induction and seeking common features of things as explanations of them. From Francis Bacon comes the idea of an automatic algorithm for inductively discovering common causes. From Descartes come the ideas of analysis and synthesi…
Saul B. Sells (1913-1988)
Limited Information Parameter Estimates for Latent or Mixed Manifest and Latent Variable Models
We argue for separate analyses of the measurement and structural portions of latent or mixed manifest and latent variable models. We present limited information (single equation) procedures for estimating parameters in the structural portion of these models. These include parameter estimation procedures for recursive or nonrecursive relations, and procedures for testing zero-effect hypotheses. We then compare full and limited information estimate…
Evaluation of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models
Evaluation of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models
Discusses how current goodness-of-fit indices fail to assess parsimony and hence disconfirmability of a model and are insensitive to misspecifications of causal relations (a) among latent variables when measurement model with many indicators is correct and (b) when causal relations corresponding to free parameters expected to be nonzero turn out to be zero or near zero. A discussion of philosophy of parsimony elucidates relations of parsimony to …
Blurring the Distinctions Between Component Analysis and Common Factor Analysis
Factor Analysis, Information-Transforming Instruments, and Objectivity
Henry Felix Kaiser 1927-1992
Guttman's "Last Paper"
"Guttman's "Last Paper": A Commentary and Discussion Editor's Introduction." Multivariate Behavioral Research, 27(2), pp. 173–174
Trait Ratings from Descriptions of Behavior As Mediated by Components of Meaning
This study examined the role language plays in mediating the influence of verbal descriptions of persons on trait ratings of those persons. Subjects were given written descriptions of the behavior of fictitious persons in a work situation and were asked to rate them on fifteen trait- adjective scales. In one condition of the experiment, specific information about certain traits was withheld, forcing subjects to rate persons on traits for which th…
Objectivity and Multivariate Statistics
The Metaphoric Origins of Objectivity, Subjectivity, and Consciousness in The Direct Perception of Reality
This paper utilizes the theories of metaphor of George Lakoff, Mark Johnson and Julian Jaynes to extend Jaynes' metaphor theory of consciousness by treating consciousness as an operator that works with ‘covert behavior’ so that humans can integrate temporally discontinuous percepts with concepts based on metaphoric extensions of the embodied schemas of direct and immediate perception and thereby transcend the limitations of direct perception. A t…
Factor Analysis in Not Just a Model in Pure Mathematics
(1996). Factor Analysis in Not Just a Model in Pure Mathematics. Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 655-661
On Maraun's Deconstructing of Factor Indeterminancy with Constructed Factors
(1996). On Maraun's Deconstructing of Factor Indeterminancy with Constructed Factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 579-592
The Curve-Fitting Problem
Model simplicity in curve fitting is the fewness of parameters estimated. I use a vector model of least squares estimation to show that degrees of freedom, the difference between the number of observed parameters fit by the model and the number of explanatory parameters estimated, are the number of potential dimensions in which data are free to differ from a model and indicate the disconfirmability of the model. Though often thought to control fo…
Psychology (19 works) · Mathematics (16 works) · Statistics (15 works) · Computer Science (14 works) · Epistemology (10 works) · Econometrics (9 works) · Philosophy (8 works) · Philosophy and History of Science (5 works) · Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology (4 works) · Artificial Intelligence (4 works)