Elizabeth Brainerd
Biographic Data
| ID | 1058153 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Elizabeth Brainerd |
| GIVEN NAMES | Elizabeth |
| FAMILY NAME | Brainerd |
| SIGNATURE | BRAINERD E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Brandeis University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2820-2136 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 12 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 160 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 12 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
The decline of child stunting in 122 countries: A systematic review of child growth studies since the 19th century
INTRODUCTION: Child stunting, a measure of malnutrition, is a major global health challenge affecting 148.1 million children in 2022. Global stunting rates have declined from 47.2% in 1985 to 22.3% in 2022; however, trends before the mid-1980s are unclear, including whether child stunting was previously prevalent in current high-income countries (HICs). We conducted a systematic review of child growth studies before 1990 to reconstruct historical…
Maternity benefits and marital stability after birth: Evidence from the Soviet Baltic republics
The Lasting Effect of Sex Ratio Imbalance on Marriage and Family: Evidence from World War II in Russia
How does a shock to sex ratios affect marriage markets and fertility? I use the drastic change in sex ratios caused by World War II to identify the effects of unbalanced sex ratios on Russian women. Using unique archival data, the results indicate that male scarcity led to lower rates of marriage and fertility, higher nonmarital births, and reduced bargaining power within marriage for women most affected by war deaths. The impact of sex ratio imb…
Fertility Trends in the Formerly Socialist Countries of Europe
Religion and Health in Early Childhood: Evidence from South Asia
This article studies early childhood health in India, Bangladesh, and Nepal, focusing on inequalities in anthropometric outcomes by religious adherence. India and Nepal have Hindu majorities, while Bangladesh is predominantly Muslim. The results suggest that Muslim infants have an advantage over Hindu infants in height-for-age in India (for boys and girls) and in Bangladesh (for boys). However, this advantage disappears beyond 12 months of age, a…
Seasonal effects of water quality: The hidden costs of the Green Revolution to infant and child health in India
Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: An Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data
This article uses anthropometric and archival data to reassess the standard of living in the Soviet Union. In the prewar period, the population was small in stature and sensitive to the political and economic upheavals experienced in the country. Significant improvements in child height, adult stature, and infant mortality were recorded from approximately 1945 to 1970. While this period of physical growth was followed by stagnation in heights, th…
Autopsy on an Empire: Understanding Mortality in Russia and the Former Soviet Union
Male life expectancy at birth fell by over six years in Russia between 1989 and 1994. Many other countries of the former Soviet Union saw similar declines, and female life expectancy fell as well. Using cross-country and Russian household survey data, we assess six possible explanations for this upsurge in mortality. Most find little support in the data: the deterioration of the health care system, changes in diet and obesity, and material depriv…
Importing Equality? The Impact of Globalization on Gender Discrimination
A key dynamic implication of the Becker model of discrimination (1957) is that increased product market competition will drive out costly discrimination in the long run. This paper tests that hypothesis by examining the impact of globalization on gender discrimination in manufacturing industries. Because concentrated industries face little competitive pressure, an increase in competition from trade should reduce the residual gender wage gap more …
Women in Transition: Changes in Gender Wage Differentials in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union
Under state socialism, women fared relatively well in the labor market: female-male wage differentials were similar to those in the West, and female labor force participation rates were among the highest in the world. Have these women maintained their relative positions since the introduction of market reforms? The author investigates this question using household surveys from seven formerly socialist countries. The results indicate a consistent …
The role of social capital in the Russian mortality crisis
Market reform and mortality in transition economies
The role of social capital in the Russian mortality crisis
Women in Transition: Changes in Gender Wage Differentials in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union
Under state socialism, women fared relatively well in the labor market: female-male wage differentials were similar to those in the West, and female labor force participation rates were among the highest in the world. Have these women maintained their relative positions since the introduction of market reforms? The author investigates this question using household surveys from seven formerly socialist countries. The results indicate a consistent …
Autopsy on an Empire: Understanding Mortality in Russia and the Former Soviet Union
Male life expectancy at birth fell by over six years in Russia between 1989 and 1994. Many other countries of the former Soviet Union saw similar declines, and female life expectancy fell as well. Using cross-country and Russian household survey data, we assess six possible explanations for this upsurge in mortality. Most find little support in the data: the deterioration of the health care system, changes in diet and obesity, and material depriv…
Market reform and mortality in transition economies
Importing Equality? The Impact of Globalization on Gender Discrimination
A key dynamic implication of the Becker model of discrimination (1957) is that increased product market competition will drive out costly discrimination in the long run. This paper tests that hypothesis by examining the impact of globalization on gender discrimination in manufacturing industries. Because concentrated industries face little competitive pressure, an increase in competition from trade should reduce the residual gender wage gap more …
Seasonal effects of water quality: The hidden costs of the Green Revolution to infant and child health in India
Religion and Health in Early Childhood: Evidence from South Asia
This article studies early childhood health in India, Bangladesh, and Nepal, focusing on inequalities in anthropometric outcomes by religious adherence. India and Nepal have Hindu majorities, while Bangladesh is predominantly Muslim. The results suggest that Muslim infants have an advantage over Hindu infants in height-for-age in India (for boys and girls) and in Bangladesh (for boys). However, this advantage disappears beyond 12 months of age, a…
Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: An Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data
This article uses anthropometric and archival data to reassess the standard of living in the Soviet Union. In the prewar period, the population was small in stature and sensitive to the political and economic upheavals experienced in the country. Significant improvements in child height, adult stature, and infant mortality were recorded from approximately 1945 to 1970. While this period of physical growth was followed by stagnation in heights, th…
The role of social capital in the Russian mortality crisis
Market reform and mortality in transition economies
Women in Transition: Changes in Gender Wage Differentials in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union
Under state socialism, women fared relatively well in the labor market: female-male wage differentials were similar to those in the West, and female labor force participation rates were among the highest in the world. Have these women maintained their relative positions since the introduction of market reforms? The author investigates this question using household surveys from seven formerly socialist countries. The results indicate a consistent …
Importing Equality? The Impact of Globalization on Gender Discrimination
A key dynamic implication of the Becker model of discrimination (1957) is that increased product market competition will drive out costly discrimination in the long run. This paper tests that hypothesis by examining the impact of globalization on gender discrimination in manufacturing industries. Because concentrated industries face little competitive pressure, an increase in competition from trade should reduce the residual gender wage gap more …
Autopsy on an Empire: Understanding Mortality in Russia and the Former Soviet Union
Male life expectancy at birth fell by over six years in Russia between 1989 and 1994. Many other countries of the former Soviet Union saw similar declines, and female life expectancy fell as well. Using cross-country and Russian household survey data, we assess six possible explanations for this upsurge in mortality. Most find little support in the data: the deterioration of the health care system, changes in diet and obesity, and material depriv…
Reassessing the Standard of Living in the Soviet Union: An Analysis Using Archival and Anthropometric Data
This article uses anthropometric and archival data to reassess the standard of living in the Soviet Union. In the prewar period, the population was small in stature and sensitive to the political and economic upheavals experienced in the country. Significant improvements in child height, adult stature, and infant mortality were recorded from approximately 1945 to 1970. While this period of physical growth was followed by stagnation in heights, th…
Seasonal effects of water quality: The hidden costs of the Green Revolution to infant and child health in India
Fertility Trends in the Formerly Socialist Countries of Europe
Religion and Health in Early Childhood: Evidence from South Asia
This article studies early childhood health in India, Bangladesh, and Nepal, focusing on inequalities in anthropometric outcomes by religious adherence. India and Nepal have Hindu majorities, while Bangladesh is predominantly Muslim. The results suggest that Muslim infants have an advantage over Hindu infants in height-for-age in India (for boys and girls) and in Bangladesh (for boys). However, this advantage disappears beyond 12 months of age, a…
The Lasting Effect of Sex Ratio Imbalance on Marriage and Family: Evidence from World War II in Russia
How does a shock to sex ratios affect marriage markets and fertility? I use the drastic change in sex ratios caused by World War II to identify the effects of unbalanced sex ratios on Russian women. Using unique archival data, the results indicate that male scarcity led to lower rates of marriage and fertility, higher nonmarital births, and reduced bargaining power within marriage for women most affected by war deaths. The impact of sex ratio imb…
Maternity benefits and marital stability after birth: Evidence from the Soviet Baltic republics
The decline of child stunting in 122 countries: A systematic review of child growth studies since the 19th century
INTRODUCTION: Child stunting, a measure of malnutrition, is a major global health challenge affecting 148.1 million children in 2022. Global stunting rates have declined from 47.2% in 1985 to 22.3% in 2022; however, trends before the mid-1980s are unclear, including whether child stunting was previously prevalent in current high-income countries (HICs). We conducted a systematic review of child growth studies before 1990 to reconstruct historical…
Economics (9 works) · Political science (8 works) · Demography (7 works) · Demographic economics (6 works) · Population (6 works) · Sociology (6 works) · Development economics (4 works) · Geography (4 works) · Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management (4 works) · Law (4 works)