David Eitle
Biographic Data
| ID | 108072 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David Eitle |
| GIVEN NAMES | David |
| FAMILY NAME | Eitle |
| SIGNATURE | EITLE D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Montana State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0891-3210 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 547 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 38 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Male High School Sport Participation and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Adulthood
Using data from the Add Health, the authors consider whether male high school sport participation had an association with intimate partner violence perpetration into adulthood, controlling for other known predictors. Results show that sport participation is associated with a reduced risk of perpetrating intimate partner violence in adulthood, which the authors interpret as generally supportive of the deterrence hypothesis, the notion that playing…
School contextual factors and race differences in adolescent sexual behaviors
While there exist a voluminous number of studies examining predictors of adolescent sexual behavior, few studies have explored the role of the school social context in influencing teen sexual activity generally and specifically, the role that school contextual factors play in helping understand race differences in risky sexual behaviors. Using data from a nationally-representative school-based survey of American youth in grades 7-12, we find supp…
Obesity, Overweightness, and Depressive Symptomology Among American Indian Youth
School context and American Indian substance use
The present study extends prior research exploring the role of school contextual factors in predicting individual adolescent substance use by examining how a school's racial composition is associated with American Indian adolescent tobacco and marijuana use. Using a subsample of 523 American Indian students from the restricted use Add Health data, we consider both individual and school contextual factors across 99 schools. Our results suggest tha…
General Strain Theory and Delinquency: Extending a Popular Explanation to American Indian Youth
Despite evidence that American Indian (AI) adolescents are disproportionately involved in crime and delinquent behavior, there exists scant research exploring the correlates of crime among this group. We posit that Agnew's General Strain Theory (GST) is well suited to explain AI delinquent activity. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we examined a subsample of AI students-a study that represents, to the best of our knowle…
Developmental Assets and Risky Sexual Behaviors Among American Indian Youth
This study examined the relationship between developmental assets during early and mid-adolescence and early adult sexual behaviors among American Indians using a subsample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health ( N = 465). Grounded in an assets framework, the authors explored the protective role of personal, family, school, and community assets as well as cumulative assets for sexual behaviors including early sexual debut, num…
Explaining the Association between Gender and Substance Use among American Indian Adolescents: An Application of Power-control Theory
This study evaluates the utility of Hagan's power-control theory for explaining substance use behaviors for a sample of American Indian (AI) adolescent males and females. Consistent with the theory, we found that patriarchal family form and the affective bond between father and daughter were significant predictors of female substance use behaviors. Compared with results from an analysis of non-Hispanic (NH) whites, these results reveal the import…
The Moderating Role of BIS/BAS Personality Tendencies in the Relationship between General Strain and Crime
This article extends general strain theory by examining the role of the behavioral approach systems (BAS) and behavioral inhibition systems (BIS) in moderating the relationship between exposure to social strain and criminal behaviors. Analyses revealed that BIS and BAS operate differently in the prediction of crime. Those low in chronic strains experienced increases in arrests at higher BAS scores. For those exposed to medium and high levels of s…
Factors associated with American Indian and white adolescent drug selling in rural communities
Gender, Race, and Delinquent Behavior: An Extension of Power-Control Theory to American Indian Adolescents
Research testing Hagan's power-control theory has largely been tested with samples of non-Hispanic whites. We extend prior research by testing the theory's merits with a sample of American Indian (AI) adolescents. Overall, we find mixed support for the theory's merits. However, we find that our measure of patriarchy is a robust predictor of AI female delinquent activity. We also find that a grandparent in the household serves to greatly reduce in…
Race and Cumulative Discrimination in the Prosecution of Criminal Defendants
Most research investigates the effect of a defendant's race on severity of imposed legal sanction at only one of several decision points that comprise the criminal justice system. This myopic focus on what can be termed episodic discrimination is problematic because racial discrimination evinced at one decision point may be amplified, negated, or even reversed at other decision points. Here we synthesize estimates of a defendant's race on the sev…
General Strain Theory and Substance Use Among American Indian Adolescents
Despite the well-established finding that American Indian adolescents are at a greater risk of illicit substance use and abuse than the general population, few generalist explanations of deviance have been extended to American Indian substance use. Using a popular generalist explanation of deviance, General Strain Theory (GST), we explore the predictive utility of this model with a subsample of American Indian adolescents from Waves I and II of t…
Family structure and adolescent alcohol use problems: Extending popular explanations to American Indians
Religion and Gambling Among Young Adults in the United States: Moral Communities and the Deterrence Hypothesis
Despite voluminous research examining religion as an integrative force and a mechanism of social control, relatively few studies have examined the association between religion and proscribed or morally ambiguous behaviors beyond crime and drug use. The present exploratory study examines the role of religion, at both the individual and county levels, in predicting self-reported gambling problems. Hierarchical linear models are employed to examine …
General strain theory, persistence, and desistance among young adult males
Extending the Life-Course Interdependence Model: Life Transitions and the Enduring Consequences of Early Self-Derogation for Young Adult Crime
Few studies exploring the association between adolescent self-esteem and crime have considered whether the early adolescent self-esteem has any enduring consequences for young adult crime. Inspired by the life course and developmental criminology approaches, Arnett's notion of emerging adulthood, and Kaplan's self-derogation theory, this article examines whether self-derogation predicts young adult crime, controlling for early adolescent behavior…
Public School Segregation and Juvenile Violent Crime Arrests in Metropolitan Areas
Previous research has established an association between residential segregation and violent crime in urban America. Our study examines whether school-based segregation is predictive of arrests of juveniles for violent crimes in U.S. metro areas. Using Census, Uniform Crime Report, and Common Core data for 204 metro areas, a measure of school-based racial segregation, Theil's entropy index, is decomposed into two components: between- and within-d…
General Strain Theory, BIS/BAS Levels, and Gambling Behavior
This article extends Agnew's General Strain Theory (GST) in two ways: (a) by testing the model's utility in explaining gambling behavior and (b) by considering the role of BIS/BAS sensitivities as a potential moderator of the strain–gambling association. Drawing on Agnew and colleagues' (Citation2002) call for considering personality traits as potential conditional variables for testing GST, we evaluate these extensions using data from a represen…
Dimensions of racial segregation, hypersegregation, and Black homicide rates
Racial/Ethnic Variation in the Relationship Between Physical Limitation and Fear of Crime: An Examination of Mediating and Moderating Factors
This study has four objectives. First, we confirm the previously observed association between physical limitations and fear of crime. Second, we assess the role of age in this relationship. Third, we identify factors that mediate this relationship. Fourth, we assess whether this relationship is observed across racial/ethnic groups. Adjusting for perceptions of personal control and disability-related stigma reduces the magnitude of this relationsh…
Are Hispanics the new 'Threat'? Minority group threat and fear of crime in Miami-Dade County
Race, economic inequality, and violent crime
Economic Segregation, Race, and Homicide
Objective. Prior research assessing the association between structured inequality and homicides has produced inconsistent findings, particularly in regard to establishing an association between economic disadvantage and black homicide rates. In this study, we employ a measure of the spatial distribution of income, Jargowksy's (1996) economic segregation measure, to assess overall and race‐specific homicide rates. Methods. Using cross‐sectional Ce…
Parental gender, single-parent families, and delinquency: Exploring the moderating influence of race/ethnicity
The impact of serious crime, racial threat, and economic inequality on private police size
Racial Threat and Social Control: A Test of The Political, Economic, and Threat of Black Crime Hypotheses
The often observed association between the size of the black population and the amount of social control imposed on blacks has been interpreted as consistent with one of three conceptually distinct perspectives: (1) the political threat hypothesis, (2) the economic threat hypothesis, and (3) the threat of black crime hypothesis. Although these three hypotheses advance differing conceptualizations of threat, adjudicating between them has proven di…
A Multilevel Test of Racial Threat Theory
We develop a conceptual model articulating the mechanisms by which racial threat is theorized to affect social control, focusing specifically on the influence of the relative size of the black population on the likelihood that the police will arrest a black citizen suspected of a violent criminal offense. A multilevel analysis of 145, 255 violent crimes reported to police in 182 cities during 2000 shows only qualified support for racial threat th…
Race, Cultural Capital, and the Educational Effects of Participation in Sports
The relationship between participation in sports and academic achievement is examined by exploring both the factors that predict participation in different sports and the influence that participation in specific sports has on academic achievement. While previous studies analyzed the effects of participation in sports on achievement, little research has explored whether students who have fewer academic resources are more likely to play sports. Usi…
Are Hispanics the new 'Threat'? Minority group threat and fear of crime in Miami-Dade County
Inequality, Segregation, and the Overrepresentation of African Americans in School Suspensions
Using school, district, and county data from the State of Florida Department of Education and the U.S. Census, we examine the relationship between school segregation and the overrepresentation of black students among those suspended. We explore two competing hypotheses about the nature of this relationship: (1) an overall racial inequality hypothesis that suggests schools located in districts with relatively high levels of segregation among stude…
Race and Cumulative Discrimination in the Prosecution of Criminal Defendants
Most research investigates the effect of a defendant's race on severity of imposed legal sanction at only one of several decision points that comprise the criminal justice system. This myopic focus on what can be termed episodic discrimination is problematic because racial discrimination evinced at one decision point may be amplified, negated, or even reversed at other decision points. Here we synthesize estimates of a defendant's race on the sev…
Exploring a source of deviance-producing strain for females
Stress Exposure, Race, and Young Adult Male Crime
A recent revision of strain theory, Robert Agnew's (1992) general strain theory (GST), has stimulated research testing its principles, central of which is the notion that exposure to stressors is positively associated with criminal behavior. The present research extends prior scholarship in three important ways: (1) assessing the role that race and ethnicity play in understanding the stress-crime relationship, (2) testing GST principles on an und…
Accountability in a Postdesegregation Era: The Continuing Significance of Racial Segregation in Florida’s Schools
In the wake of both the end of court-ordered school desegregation and the growing popularity of accountability as a mechanism to maximize student achievement, the authors explore the association between racial segregation and the percentage of students passing high-stakes tests in Florida’s schools. Results suggest that segregation matters in predicting school-level performance on the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test after control for other …
Cumulative exposure to stressful life events and male gang membership
The effect of racial threat on interracial and intraracial crimes
The impact of serious crime, racial threat, and economic inequality on private police size
General Strain Theory and Substance Use Among American Indian Adolescents
Despite the well-established finding that American Indian adolescents are at a greater risk of illicit substance use and abuse than the general population, few generalist explanations of deviance have been extended to American Indian substance use. Using a popular generalist explanation of deviance, General Strain Theory (GST), we explore the predictive utility of this model with a subsample of American Indian adolescents from Waves I and II of t…
Religion and Gambling Among Young Adults in the United States: Moral Communities and the Deterrence Hypothesis
Despite voluminous research examining religion as an integrative force and a mechanism of social control, relatively few studies have examined the association between religion and proscribed or morally ambiguous behaviors beyond crime and drug use. The present exploratory study examines the role of religion, at both the individual and county levels, in predicting self-reported gambling problems. Hierarchical linear models are employed to examine …
Dimensions of racial segregation, hypersegregation, and Black homicide rates
Public School Segregation and Juvenile Violent Crime Arrests in Metropolitan Areas
Previous research has established an association between residential segregation and violent crime in urban America. Our study examines whether school-based segregation is predictive of arrests of juveniles for violent crimes in U.S. metro areas. Using Census, Uniform Crime Report, and Common Core data for 204 metro areas, a measure of school-based racial segregation, Theil's entropy index, is decomposed into two components: between- and within-d…
Race, economic inequality, and violent crime
School and County Characteristics as Predictors of School Rates of Drug, Alcohol, and Tobacco Offenses
Despite evidence that school factors are associated with differences in various types of student behavior, little research has explored the predictive utility of school factors for school-level substance offense rates. Using data from the State of Florida Department of Education and the Census, we explore the associations between school climate and school substance offense rates, controlling for county level characteristics. Results from a multil…
Segregation and School Violence
While research exploring the consequences of desegregation and resegregation for academic achievement and intergroup attitudes and behavior has been prolific, scant attention has been paid to the impact that school segregation differences has had on school violence. Using data from the state of Florida Department of Education and the U.S. Bureau of the Census, we attempt to adjudicate between competing hypotheses about the nature of a relationshi…
General strain theory, persistence, and desistance among young adult males
General Strain Theory, BIS/BAS Levels, and Gambling Behavior
This article extends Agnew's General Strain Theory (GST) in two ways: (a) by testing the model's utility in explaining gambling behavior and (b) by considering the role of BIS/BAS sensitivities as a potential moderator of the strain–gambling association. Drawing on Agnew and colleagues' (Citation2002) call for considering personality traits as potential conditional variables for testing GST, we evaluate these extensions using data from a represen…
Racial/Ethnic Variation in the Relationship Between Physical Limitation and Fear of Crime: An Examination of Mediating and Moderating Factors
This study has four objectives. First, we confirm the previously observed association between physical limitations and fear of crime. Second, we assess the role of age in this relationship. Third, we identify factors that mediate this relationship. Fourth, we assess whether this relationship is observed across racial/ethnic groups. Adjusting for perceptions of personal control and disability-related stigma reduces the magnitude of this relationsh…
Parental gender, single-parent families, and delinquency: Exploring the moderating influence of race/ethnicity
Just Don’t Do It: High School Sports Participation and Young Female Adult Sexual Behavior
Recent research has explored the relationship between sports participation in high school and the sexual and reproductive behavior of females. Evidence has accumulated that playing sports is associated with a lowered risk of pregnancy among adolescents and positively associated with the use of contraceptives, but little evidence has been uncovered as to whether such associations endure into young adulthood. Using data from a representative commun…
General Strain Theory and Delinquency: Extending a Popular Explanation to American Indian Youth
Despite evidence that American Indian (AI) adolescents are disproportionately involved in crime and delinquent behavior, there exists scant research exploring the correlates of crime among this group. We posit that Agnew's General Strain Theory (GST) is well suited to explain AI delinquent activity. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we examined a subsample of AI students-a study that represents, to the best of our knowle…
Exposure to Community Violence and Young Adult Crime: The Effects of Witnessing Violence, Traumatic Victimization, and Other Stressful Life Events
Evidence has accumulated that young people in America are witnesses to considerable violence at home and in the community. This study is the first to examine the association between witnessing community violence and criminal behavior in a representative sample of young adults. In addition, the authors consider whether receiving traumatic news, witnessing domestic violence, experiencing accidents, and being the direct victim of domestic and commun…
Just Don’t Do It: High School Sports Participation and Young Female Adult Sexual Behavior
Recent research has explored the relationship between sports participation in high school and the sexual and reproductive behavior of females. Evidence has accumulated that playing sports is associated with a lowered risk of pregnancy among adolescents and positively associated with the use of contraceptives, but little evidence has been uncovered as to whether such associations endure into young adulthood. Using data from a representative commun…
Exploring a source of deviance-producing strain for females
Race, Cultural Capital, and the Educational Effects of Participation in Sports
The relationship between participation in sports and academic achievement is examined by exploring both the factors that predict participation in different sports and the influence that participation in specific sports has on academic achievement. While previous studies analyzed the effects of participation in sports on achievement, little research has explored whether students who have fewer academic resources are more likely to play sports. Usi…
Racial Threat and Social Control: A Test of The Political, Economic, and Threat of Black Crime Hypotheses
The often observed association between the size of the black population and the amount of social control imposed on blacks has been interpreted as consistent with one of three conceptually distinct perspectives: (1) the political threat hypothesis, (2) the economic threat hypothesis, and (3) the threat of black crime hypothesis. Although these three hypotheses advance differing conceptualizations of threat, adjudicating between them has proven di…
The effect of racial threat on interracial and intraracial crimes
Segregation and School Violence
While research exploring the consequences of desegregation and resegregation for academic achievement and intergroup attitudes and behavior has been prolific, scant attention has been paid to the impact that school segregation differences has had on school violence. Using data from the state of Florida Department of Education and the U.S. Bureau of the Census, we attempt to adjudicate between competing hypotheses about the nature of a relationshi…
Stress Exposure, Race, and Young Adult Male Crime
A recent revision of strain theory, Robert Agnew's (1992) general strain theory (GST), has stimulated research testing its principles, central of which is the notion that exposure to stressors is positively associated with criminal behavior. The present research extends prior scholarship in three important ways: (1) assessing the role that race and ethnicity play in understanding the stress-crime relationship, (2) testing GST principles on an und…
Cumulative exposure to stressful life events and male gang membership
A Multilevel Test of Racial Threat Theory
We develop a conceptual model articulating the mechanisms by which racial threat is theorized to affect social control, focusing specifically on the influence of the relative size of the black population on the likelihood that the police will arrest a black citizen suspected of a violent criminal offense. A multilevel analysis of 145, 255 violent crimes reported to police in 182 cities during 2000 shows only qualified support for racial threat th…
Accountability in a Postdesegregation Era: The Continuing Significance of Racial Segregation in Florida’s Schools
In the wake of both the end of court-ordered school desegregation and the growing popularity of accountability as a mechanism to maximize student achievement, the authors explore the association between racial segregation and the percentage of students passing high-stakes tests in Florida’s schools. Results suggest that segregation matters in predicting school-level performance on the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test after control for other …
Inequality, Segregation, and the Overrepresentation of African Americans in School Suspensions
Using school, district, and county data from the State of Florida Department of Education and the U.S. Census, we examine the relationship between school segregation and the overrepresentation of black students among those suspended. We explore two competing hypotheses about the nature of this relationship: (1) an overall racial inequality hypothesis that suggests schools located in districts with relatively high levels of segregation among stude…
School and County Characteristics as Predictors of School Rates of Drug, Alcohol, and Tobacco Offenses
Despite evidence that school factors are associated with differences in various types of student behavior, little research has explored the predictive utility of school factors for school-level substance offense rates. Using data from the State of Florida Department of Education and the Census, we explore the associations between school climate and school substance offense rates, controlling for county level characteristics. Results from a multil…
The impact of serious crime, racial threat, and economic inequality on private police size
Race, economic inequality, and violent crime
Economic Segregation, Race, and Homicide
Objective. Prior research assessing the association between structured inequality and homicides has produced inconsistent findings, particularly in regard to establishing an association between economic disadvantage and black homicide rates. In this study, we employ a measure of the spatial distribution of income, Jargowksy's (1996) economic segregation measure, to assess overall and race‐specific homicide rates. Methods. Using cross‐sectional Ce…
Parental gender, single-parent families, and delinquency: Exploring the moderating influence of race/ethnicity
Are Hispanics the new 'Threat'? Minority group threat and fear of crime in Miami-Dade County
Dimensions of racial segregation, hypersegregation, and Black homicide rates
Racial/Ethnic Variation in the Relationship Between Physical Limitation and Fear of Crime: An Examination of Mediating and Moderating Factors
This study has four objectives. First, we confirm the previously observed association between physical limitations and fear of crime. Second, we assess the role of age in this relationship. Third, we identify factors that mediate this relationship. Fourth, we assess whether this relationship is observed across racial/ethnic groups. Adjusting for perceptions of personal control and disability-related stigma reduces the magnitude of this relationsh…
General strain theory, persistence, and desistance among young adult males
Extending the Life-Course Interdependence Model: Life Transitions and the Enduring Consequences of Early Self-Derogation for Young Adult Crime
Few studies exploring the association between adolescent self-esteem and crime have considered whether the early adolescent self-esteem has any enduring consequences for young adult crime. Inspired by the life course and developmental criminology approaches, Arnett's notion of emerging adulthood, and Kaplan's self-derogation theory, this article examines whether self-derogation predicts young adult crime, controlling for early adolescent behavior…
Public School Segregation and Juvenile Violent Crime Arrests in Metropolitan Areas
Previous research has established an association between residential segregation and violent crime in urban America. Our study examines whether school-based segregation is predictive of arrests of juveniles for violent crimes in U.S. metro areas. Using Census, Uniform Crime Report, and Common Core data for 204 metro areas, a measure of school-based racial segregation, Theil's entropy index, is decomposed into two components: between- and within-d…
General Strain Theory, BIS/BAS Levels, and Gambling Behavior
This article extends Agnew's General Strain Theory (GST) in two ways: (a) by testing the model's utility in explaining gambling behavior and (b) by considering the role of BIS/BAS sensitivities as a potential moderator of the strain–gambling association. Drawing on Agnew and colleagues' (Citation2002) call for considering personality traits as potential conditional variables for testing GST, we evaluate these extensions using data from a represen…
Religion and Gambling Among Young Adults in the United States: Moral Communities and the Deterrence Hypothesis
Despite voluminous research examining religion as an integrative force and a mechanism of social control, relatively few studies have examined the association between religion and proscribed or morally ambiguous behaviors beyond crime and drug use. The present exploratory study examines the role of religion, at both the individual and county levels, in predicting self-reported gambling problems. Hierarchical linear models are employed to examine …
Psychology (32 works) · Sociology (27 works) · Social Psychology (21 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (20 works) · Criminology (18 works) · Developmental psychology (15 works) · Medicine (15 works) · Demography (14 works) · Clinical Psychology (13 works) · Political science (13 works)