Christian H Jordan
Biographic Data
| ID | 110770 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Christian H Jordan |
| GIVEN NAMES | Christian H |
| FAMILY NAME | Jordan |
| SIGNATURE | JORDAN C H |
| AFFILIATIONS | Wilfrid Laurier University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8517-439X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 242 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Ego, Elevation, and Exclusion: Bidirectional Prospective Associations Between Narcissism and Status and Inclusion
OBJECTIVE: The current longitudinal study tested whether different expressions of narcissism prospectively predict increased desires for status, perceptions of having attained status, and assertiveness-relative to desires for inclusion, perceptions of being included, and affiliativeness-and vice versa. METHOD: University students (N = 528) completed a three-wave longitudinal study, with waves spaced 2 weeks apart. Narcissism, desires for status a…
Disentangling Counter‐Empathy: Developing a Three‐Dimensional Model and Measure of Dispositional Counter‐Empathy
OBJECTIVES: Counter-empathy involves responding to others' assumed emotions incongruently. Research on dispositional counter-empathy predominantly focuses on specific counter-empathic constructs without clearly mapping its cardinal dimensions. We develop and test a Three-Dimensional Model of Counter-Empathy (3DCE) that includes schadenfreude, gluckschmerz, and affective sadism. METHOD: Across five studies (total N = 1878), we test the 3DCE and de…
The reputational consequences of narcissism in teams: Trajectories of liking and being viewed as narcissistic
We evaluated trajectories of liking and perceived narcissism in teams. • Antagonistic narcissism corresponded to being disliked and seen as narcissistic. • Controlling for antagonistic narcissism, agentic narcissism related to initial liking. • Honesty–humility did not predict liking or perceptions of narcissism. This study examined how narcissism and honesty-humility were associated with the trajectory of being liked and viewed as narcissistic i…
Transparency and Open Science at the Journal of Personality
Will they stay or will they go? Narcissistic admiration and rivalry predict ingroup affiliation and devaluation
OBJECTIVE: Using the narcissistic admiration and rivalry concept (NARC) as a guiding framework, the current research examines how ingroup affiliation and devaluation are connected to the self-enhancing and self-threatening properties of ingroups for narcissists. METHOD: Participants (N = 374) completed a group decision-making task and received feedback that factorially manipulated both individual and group performance. Across the four combination…
Misperceiving grandiose narcissism as self‐esteem: Why narcissists are well liked at zero acquaintance
OBJECTIVE: We examine why people form positive first impressions of grandiose narcissists, even though they can identify others' narcissism. We test whether this occurs because narcissists are perceived to have especially high self-esteem, which is socially valued. METHOD: Across four studies, undergraduate perceivers viewed photographs of targets (for whom narcissism and self-esteem were known) and rated perceptions of their narcissism and self-…
The many faces of narcissism: Phenomenology, antecedents, and consequences
KEYWORDS: Narcissismvulnerable narcissismgrandiose narcissismstate narcissismnarcissistic admiration and rivalrycommunal narcissism
State and trait narcissism predict everyday helping
Though grandiose narcissism may seem incompatible with prosocial behavior, evidence of how they relate is mixed. We extend research on this relation by (1) assessing everyday helping, (2) distinguishing narcissistic admiration and rivalry, and (3) assessing state narcissism. Using daily diary methodology and multilevel modeling (N = 380; total observations = 4292), we assess trait narcissism (grandiose, admiration and rivalry), state narcissism, …
The Wax and Wane of Narcissism: Grandiose Narcissism as a Process or State
Though grandiose narcissism has predominantly been studied in structural terms—focused on individuals' general tendencies to be more or less narcissistic—we tested whether it also has a meaningful process or state component. Using a daily diary study methodology and multilevel modeling ( N = 178 undergraduates, 146 female; M age = 18.86, SD = 2.21), we examine whether there is significant variability in daily state narcissism and whether this var…
How implicit self-esteem influences perceptions of self-esteem at zero and non-zero acquaintance
People’s perceptions of others’ self-esteem correspond with others’ explicit self-esteem. We test whether implicit self-esteem also affects perceptions of self-esteem at zero and non-zero acquaintance. Targets completed measures of implicit and explicit self-esteem, had photographs taken, and completed self-related interviews. Unacquainted perceivers rated targets’ self-esteem after viewing varying degrees of information about targets (Study 1) o…
Self-focused and feeling fine: Assessing state narcissism and its relation to well-being
Self-Esteem
“I know you're kidding”: Relationship closeness enhances positive perceptions of teasing
Feeling close in a relationship may enhance perceptions of teasing within that relationship. In Study 1, participants recalled instances of teasing—as both teaser and target—in close and nonclose relationships. Participants perceived teases in close relationships more positively and better intentioned than those in nonclose relationships, as both teaser and target. The discrepancy between teasers and targets in perceptions of intent was also redu…
Validating Power Makes Communal Narcissists Less Communal
What motivates communal self-enhancement? Paulhus and John [1998. Egoistic and moralistic biases in self-perception: The interplay of self-deceptive styles with basic traits and motives. Journal of Personality, 66, 1025–1060] posit that agentic and communal self-enhancement biases are independently motivated by needs for power and approval, respectively. In contrast, the agency-communion model of narcissism [Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C., Verplan…
Implicit Attitudes Toward the Self Over Time
Three studies examined whether people hold meaningful implicit attitudes toward future selves. Two approaches to measuring implicit future self-esteem were developed (individualized and generic Implicit Association Tests) and attitudes toward the self in ten (Studies 1 and 2) or one years' time (Study 3) were assessed. We predicted that implicit future self-esteem would be less strongly influenced by self-enhancement and wishful thinking than exp…
Mutual influence of implicit and explicit attitudes
Untangling the Links between Narcissism and Self‐esteem: A Theoretical and Empirical Review
The links among narcissism, explicit (deliberate, controllable) self‐esteem, and implicit (automatic, uncontrollable) self‐esteem are unclear despite numerous attempts to illuminate these links. Some investigations suggest that narcissism reflects high explicit self‐esteem that masks low implicit self‐esteem, but other investigations fail to replicate this pattern. Here, we place the ‘mask’ model of narcissism in historical context and review the…
The mask of zeal: Low implicit self-esteem, threat, and defensive extremism
Theorists have long proposed that vulnerable people turn to zeal in the face of perceived self-threats because doing so somehow masks the threats. The present study supports this idea, and suggests that low implicit self-esteem may be a key vulnerability that predisposes individuals toward defensive zeal. Undergraduate participants with low implicit self-esteem, as assessed by an Internet version of the Implicit Association Test, reacted to an ex…
Intuition and the correspondence between implicit and explicit self-esteem
Four studies tested whether the perceived validity of intuition increases the correspondence between implicit and explicit self-esteem. Studies 1 and 2 found, with 2 different measures of implicit self-esteem, that people who chronically view their intuition as valid have more consistent implicit and explicit self-esteem. In contrast, people with relatively low faith in their intuition had a negative relation between implicit and explicit self-es…
Secure and Defensive High Self-Esteem
Long-standing theories have suggested high self-esteem (SE) can assume qualitatively different forms that are related to defensiveness. The authors explored whether some high-SE individuals are particularly defensive because they harbor negative self-feelings at less conscious levels, indicated by low implicit SE. In Study 1, participants high in explicit SE but low in implicit SE showed the highest levels of narcissism--an indicator of defensive…
Motivation by positive or negative role models: Regulatory focus determines who will best inspire us
In 3 studies, the authors demonstrated that individuals are motivated by role models who encourage strategies that fit their regulatory concerns: Promotion-focused individuals, who favor a strategy of pursuing desirable outcomes, are most inspired by positive role models, who highlight strategies for achieving success; prevention-focused individuals, who favor a strategy of avoiding undesirable outcomes, are most motivated by negative role models…
Motivation by positive or negative role models: Regulatory focus determines who will best inspire us
In 3 studies, the authors demonstrated that individuals are motivated by role models who encourage strategies that fit their regulatory concerns: Promotion-focused individuals, who favor a strategy of pursuing desirable outcomes, are most inspired by positive role models, who highlight strategies for achieving success; prevention-focused individuals, who favor a strategy of avoiding undesirable outcomes, are most motivated by negative role models…
Secure and Defensive High Self-Esteem
Long-standing theories have suggested high self-esteem (SE) can assume qualitatively different forms that are related to defensiveness. The authors explored whether some high-SE individuals are particularly defensive because they harbor negative self-feelings at less conscious levels, indicated by low implicit SE. In Study 1, participants high in explicit SE but low in implicit SE showed the highest levels of narcissism--an indicator of defensive…
Intuition and the correspondence between implicit and explicit self-esteem
Four studies tested whether the perceived validity of intuition increases the correspondence between implicit and explicit self-esteem. Studies 1 and 2 found, with 2 different measures of implicit self-esteem, that people who chronically view their intuition as valid have more consistent implicit and explicit self-esteem. In contrast, people with relatively low faith in their intuition had a negative relation between implicit and explicit self-es…
Mutual influence of implicit and explicit attitudes
Self-focused and feeling fine: Assessing state narcissism and its relation to well-being
Motivation by positive or negative role models: Regulatory focus determines who will best inspire us
In 3 studies, the authors demonstrated that individuals are motivated by role models who encourage strategies that fit their regulatory concerns: Promotion-focused individuals, who favor a strategy of pursuing desirable outcomes, are most inspired by positive role models, who highlight strategies for achieving success; prevention-focused individuals, who favor a strategy of avoiding undesirable outcomes, are most motivated by negative role models…
Secure and Defensive High Self-Esteem
Long-standing theories have suggested high self-esteem (SE) can assume qualitatively different forms that are related to defensiveness. The authors explored whether some high-SE individuals are particularly defensive because they harbor negative self-feelings at less conscious levels, indicated by low implicit SE. In Study 1, participants high in explicit SE but low in implicit SE showed the highest levels of narcissism--an indicator of defensive…
The mask of zeal: Low implicit self-esteem, threat, and defensive extremism
Theorists have long proposed that vulnerable people turn to zeal in the face of perceived self-threats because doing so somehow masks the threats. The present study supports this idea, and suggests that low implicit self-esteem may be a key vulnerability that predisposes individuals toward defensive zeal. Undergraduate participants with low implicit self-esteem, as assessed by an Internet version of the Implicit Association Test, reacted to an ex…
Intuition and the correspondence between implicit and explicit self-esteem
Four studies tested whether the perceived validity of intuition increases the correspondence between implicit and explicit self-esteem. Studies 1 and 2 found, with 2 different measures of implicit self-esteem, that people who chronically view their intuition as valid have more consistent implicit and explicit self-esteem. In contrast, people with relatively low faith in their intuition had a negative relation between implicit and explicit self-es…
Untangling the Links between Narcissism and Self‐esteem: A Theoretical and Empirical Review
The links among narcissism, explicit (deliberate, controllable) self‐esteem, and implicit (automatic, uncontrollable) self‐esteem are unclear despite numerous attempts to illuminate these links. Some investigations suggest that narcissism reflects high explicit self‐esteem that masks low implicit self‐esteem, but other investigations fail to replicate this pattern. Here, we place the ‘mask’ model of narcissism in historical context and review the…
Mutual influence of implicit and explicit attitudes
Implicit Attitudes Toward the Self Over Time
Three studies examined whether people hold meaningful implicit attitudes toward future selves. Two approaches to measuring implicit future self-esteem were developed (individualized and generic Implicit Association Tests) and attitudes toward the self in ten (Studies 1 and 2) or one years' time (Study 3) were assessed. We predicted that implicit future self-esteem would be less strongly influenced by self-enhancement and wishful thinking than exp…
Self-Esteem
“I know you're kidding”: Relationship closeness enhances positive perceptions of teasing
Feeling close in a relationship may enhance perceptions of teasing within that relationship. In Study 1, participants recalled instances of teasing—as both teaser and target—in close and nonclose relationships. Participants perceived teases in close relationships more positively and better intentioned than those in nonclose relationships, as both teaser and target. The discrepancy between teasers and targets in perceptions of intent was also redu…
Validating Power Makes Communal Narcissists Less Communal
What motivates communal self-enhancement? Paulhus and John [1998. Egoistic and moralistic biases in self-perception: The interplay of self-deceptive styles with basic traits and motives. Journal of Personality, 66, 1025–1060] posit that agentic and communal self-enhancement biases are independently motivated by needs for power and approval, respectively. In contrast, the agency-communion model of narcissism [Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C., Verplan…
The Wax and Wane of Narcissism: Grandiose Narcissism as a Process or State
Though grandiose narcissism has predominantly been studied in structural terms—focused on individuals' general tendencies to be more or less narcissistic—we tested whether it also has a meaningful process or state component. Using a daily diary study methodology and multilevel modeling ( N = 178 undergraduates, 146 female; M age = 18.86, SD = 2.21), we examine whether there is significant variability in daily state narcissism and whether this var…
How implicit self-esteem influences perceptions of self-esteem at zero and non-zero acquaintance
People’s perceptions of others’ self-esteem correspond with others’ explicit self-esteem. We test whether implicit self-esteem also affects perceptions of self-esteem at zero and non-zero acquaintance. Targets completed measures of implicit and explicit self-esteem, had photographs taken, and completed self-related interviews. Unacquainted perceivers rated targets’ self-esteem after viewing varying degrees of information about targets (Study 1) o…
Self-focused and feeling fine: Assessing state narcissism and its relation to well-being
Will they stay or will they go? Narcissistic admiration and rivalry predict ingroup affiliation and devaluation
OBJECTIVE: Using the narcissistic admiration and rivalry concept (NARC) as a guiding framework, the current research examines how ingroup affiliation and devaluation are connected to the self-enhancing and self-threatening properties of ingroups for narcissists. METHOD: Participants (N = 374) completed a group decision-making task and received feedback that factorially manipulated both individual and group performance. Across the four combination…
Misperceiving grandiose narcissism as self‐esteem: Why narcissists are well liked at zero acquaintance
OBJECTIVE: We examine why people form positive first impressions of grandiose narcissists, even though they can identify others' narcissism. We test whether this occurs because narcissists are perceived to have especially high self-esteem, which is socially valued. METHOD: Across four studies, undergraduate perceivers viewed photographs of targets (for whom narcissism and self-esteem were known) and rated perceptions of their narcissism and self-…
The many faces of narcissism: Phenomenology, antecedents, and consequences
KEYWORDS: Narcissismvulnerable narcissismgrandiose narcissismstate narcissismnarcissistic admiration and rivalrycommunal narcissism
State and trait narcissism predict everyday helping
Though grandiose narcissism may seem incompatible with prosocial behavior, evidence of how they relate is mixed. We extend research on this relation by (1) assessing everyday helping, (2) distinguishing narcissistic admiration and rivalry, and (3) assessing state narcissism. Using daily diary methodology and multilevel modeling (N = 380; total observations = 4292), we assess trait narcissism (grandiose, admiration and rivalry), state narcissism, …
Transparency and Open Science at the Journal of Personality
Disentangling Counter‐Empathy: Developing a Three‐Dimensional Model and Measure of Dispositional Counter‐Empathy
OBJECTIVES: Counter-empathy involves responding to others' assumed emotions incongruently. Research on dispositional counter-empathy predominantly focuses on specific counter-empathic constructs without clearly mapping its cardinal dimensions. We develop and test a Three-Dimensional Model of Counter-Empathy (3DCE) that includes schadenfreude, gluckschmerz, and affective sadism. METHOD: Across five studies (total N = 1878), we test the 3DCE and de…
The reputational consequences of narcissism in teams: Trajectories of liking and being viewed as narcissistic
We evaluated trajectories of liking and perceived narcissism in teams. • Antagonistic narcissism corresponded to being disliked and seen as narcissistic. • Controlling for antagonistic narcissism, agentic narcissism related to initial liking. • Honesty–humility did not predict liking or perceptions of narcissism. This study examined how narcissism and honesty-humility were associated with the trajectory of being liked and viewed as narcissistic i…
Ego, Elevation, and Exclusion: Bidirectional Prospective Associations Between Narcissism and Status and Inclusion
OBJECTIVE: The current longitudinal study tested whether different expressions of narcissism prospectively predict increased desires for status, perceptions of having attained status, and assertiveness-relative to desires for inclusion, perceptions of being included, and affiliativeness-and vice versa. METHOD: University students (N = 528) completed a three-wave longitudinal study, with waves spaced 2 weeks apart. Narcissism, desires for status a…
Psychology (19 works) · Social Psychology (19 works) · Personality Traits and Psychology (11 works) · Narcissism (10 works) · Personality (9 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (9 works) · Social Psychology (9 works) · Self-esteem (8 works) · Developmental psychology (6 works) · Emotional Intelligence and Performance (5 works)