Charles S Bullock
Biographic Data
| ID | 116592 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Charles S Bullock |
| GIVEN NAMES | Charles S |
| FAMILY NAME | Bullock |
| SIGNATURE | BULLOCK C S |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Georgia |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4123-3834 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 112 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 767 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 110 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1952 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 18 |
Jim Crow North and Fair Housing Enforcement
This article investigates how the federal Fair Housing Act of 1968 (commonly referred to as Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968) has been enforced in northeastern states. Using data obtained from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) under the Freedom of Information Act, it measures the extent to which the thirteen northeastern states—from Maine to Virginia—decided Fair Housing Act complaints in favor of Black and Lati…
The diffusion of American fair housing law and policy
Objective We investigate the contributions of state and local governments to the diffusion of American fair housing law and policy, focusing on the period from 1919 to 1968, prior to similar legal requirements and policies being approved at the federal level. Methods Relying on archival data obtained at two presidential libraries, our findings provide insights into diffusion's political effects. Results Myriad state and local laws, constituting b…
The Abolition of the Right to Trial by Jury in Civil Cases in England
Prior to 1854, jury trial was the exclusive mode of resolving cases involving disputed facts at common law. By 1935, the civil jury trial had been virtually eliminated in all but a few obscure types of tort action. This article consists of a detailed examination, based primarily on legislative sources and contemporary legal periodicals, of how the right to trial by jury in civil cases was abolished. The first concrete step towards jury abolition …
The Politics of Interim Judicial Appointments
We evaluate the politics of interim judicial appointments at the state level. Although nominating commissions have been established to promote merit-based selection, we argue that governor-applicant ideological concordance and financial support for a governor’s campaigns increase one’s odds of being appointed. We focus on the impact of political factors, as well as the qualifications of prospective judges. We analyze over 4,000 applications to fi…
African American Statewide Candidates in the New South
African American candidates for statewide office in the United States face unique challenges given the nation’s complicated racial dynamics. At the dawn of the twenty-first century, the United States had elected only one African American as governor in its history—L. Douglas Wilder, a grandson of slaves who achieved this historic goal in 1989 in Virginia, once the capital of the Confederacy. Numerous media accounts at the time declared a major br…
From the American South to South America: Testing whether patterns of competition in two‐round elections travel from the United States to Latin America
Objective In this paper, we seek to update and expand the understanding of whether the patterns of competition in two‐round elections in the United States exist in other countries. Methods Using insights from the well‐developed literature on two‐round elections in the U.S. South, we analyze an original data set covering two‐round presidential systems in Latin America. We focus on the likelihood that elections will go to a second round, and, once …
African American and Latino discrimination complaints: Comparing volume and outcomes
Objective Research has investigatedracial and ethnic discrimination in America without examining discrimination complaints or focusing on housing. To help fill this void, we explore volume and outcomes in Fair Housing Act complaints filed by African Americans and Latinos between 1989 and 2010 in order to compare enforcement by federal, state, and local civil rights agencies. Methods Relying on data obtained from the Department of Housing and Urba…
Tracking Hispanic Political Emergence in Georgia: An Update
Objective This short note traces the political presence of Hispanics in Georgia over the last decade and a half. Our analysis examines Hispanics as a group, as well as comparisons to whites and blacks. Methods We rely on official records from the Georgia Secretary of State to produce over time inferences concerning Hispanic voter registration and turnout. Results Our findings indicate that Hispanics in Georgia have registered steady gains in regi…
Response to David A. Bateman, Ira Katznelson, and John S. Lapinski’s Review of The South and the Transformation of U.S. Politics
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David Duke and the Politics of Race in the South
The Election of African American State Legislators in the Modern South
This study is the most comprehensive analysis of the election of black state legislators in the American South. We start with the election of Leroy Johnson to the Georgia Senate in 1962, the first African American to win a state legislative seat in the modern South. We also document the election of all subsequent African Americans who were the first to enter their southern state legislative chambers. Next, we assess the factors influencing the el…
The South and the Transformation of U.S. Politics
Analyzing and explaining the transformation of U.S. politics since the explosive events of 1968 requires particular attention to the South—the states of the former Confederacy. Indeed, a strong case can be made that the South has had the greatest impact on the transformation of U.S politics and government. Since 1968 we have seen the demise of the “sold (Democratic) South” and the rise of the Republican-dominated South, the rise of the largely so…
Topic: Voting Rights and Political Participation
Citizen participation is a hallmark of democracy. It depends on the belief—supported by reality—that each citizen is entitled to vote, and that votes will be counted accurately and weighted equally
Cooperative Federalism and Fair Housing Enforcement
Objective We investigate how three levels of government have enforced the Fair Housing Act as a cooperative federalism program. Methods Based on data obtained from the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), we test a multivariate fixed effects logistic regression model. Results First, the Fair Housing Act's substantial equivalency requirement and HUD's Fair Housing Assistance Program have enabled state and local civil rights agencies …
Dow, Jay K. Electing the House: The Adoption and Performance of the U.S. Single-Member District Electoral System
The subtitle for Jay K. Dow's new book Electing the House could easily have been The History of Single-Member Districts in America. Beginning with the debates between the Federalists and the Anti-F
African Americans and Contemporary Southern Politics
This article describes and analyzes the evolution of African American political participation in the states of the former Confederacy since the time of V.O. Key’s classic study of southern politics (1949). Expanded voting and electoral success for African Americans in the south have dramatically transformed the politics of the region and portenddeeper and longer-lasting change in the future, unless the Republican Party can begin to appeal to more…
Glenn Feldman, The Irony of the Solid South: Democrats, Republicans, and Race, 1865–1944, Reviewed by: Charles S Bullock III
The Damnedest Mess: An Empirical Evaluation of the 1966 Georgia Gubernatorial Election
Objective The 1966 gubernatorial campaign provides an interesting retrospective examination of Georgia politics during a period of seismic change that included the dawn of two‐party competition, black enfranchisement, and legislative determination of the chief executive. Method This article provides an empirical evaluation of the 1966 gubernatorial election in Georgia, including action that occurred in the General Assembly following the election.…
Fair Housing Enforcement in the South and Non‐South
Objective We compare outcomes in racial discrimination fair housing complaints processed by southern state and local civil rights agencies to those handled by state and local agencies outside the South and the federal agency, HUD (Department of Housing and Urban Development). Methods Based on data obtained directly from HUD, we rely on a fixed effects logistic regression model with cluster‐correlated standard errors. Results First, southern local…
Your Honor” is a Female: A Multistage Electoral Analysis of Women's Successes at Securing State Trial Court Judgeships
Objectives Using a multistage gender‐focused analysis of candidates for trial court judgeships, we seek answers to these leading questions: (1) Are women as strategic as men in choosing the conditions under which they run for an open seat or against an incumbent and against a male opponent or against another female? (2) Are women winning at the same rates as men under the same conditions at the primary election stage and at the runoff stage? (3) …
Georgia politics in a state of change
When the Letter Betrays the Spirit: Voting Rights Enforcement and African American Participation from Lyndon Johnson to Barack Obama
The Oxford Handbook of Southern Politics
The unique political history of the Southern United States is rooted in the fact that it is the only region to have ever taken up arms against the national government. While the resources of the North prevailed after the four bloody years of the Civil War, the consequences of the practice of slavery and the bitter loss experienced by the South continue to shape southern politics a century and a half later. The twenty-three articles included in th…
Buenas Dias, Y’all: Latinos in the South
The 23 essays included in this book present a definitive view of the factors that contribute to the South's distinctive politics examining these factors in the context of the region's political development since World War II.
The T ea P arty, S arah P alin, and the 2010 Congressional Elections: The Aftermath of the Election of B arack O bama
Objective S arah P alin and the T ea P arty played active roles in endorsing candidates for the U . S . H ouse in 2010; we explore whether they followed different strategies. P alin proved more careful in backing candidates while the decentralized T ea P arty movement often became involved in hopeless causes. Method We analyze the endorsements made by P alin and the T ea P arty in contests involving H ouse seats held by D emocrats going into the …
Congressional Voting and the Mobilization of a Black Electorate in the South
Election Roll-Off: A Test of Three Explanations
The authors use the 1993 municipal election in Atlanta, Georgia, and a special election to fill two vacancies on the Fulton County (Georgia) Commission to test ballot-confusion, saliency-of-the-contest, and voter-fatigue explanations for roll-off (ballot noncompletion). No evidence of the ballot-confusion explanation is found, but some evidence of voter fatigue and contest visibility is apparent. Racial differences in roll-off have implications f…
Racial Crossover Voting and the Election of Black Officials
Little is known about the voting behavior of blacks aside from the observation that they are likely to vote in blocs for black candidates. In this study, we analyze fifty-two Atlanta area elections in which black and white candidates opposed each other. While Atlanta voters usually vote for candidates of their own race, this practice is more varied and less extensive than in the rural southern communities which others have analyzed. The extent to…
Municipal Electoral Structure and the Election of Councilwomen
A survey of the 946 American cities having populations in excess of 25,000 in 1980 reveals very little relationship between election structures and the presence of women on their councils. These results hold for the full data set as well as for four regional subsets. The evidence does not sustain the desirability hypothesis that suggests women will less often be elected in cities where the position is more valued. Women serve somewhat more freque…
Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America's Struggle for Equality, by Richard Kluger
House Careerists: Changing Patterns of Longevity and Attrition
During the last 60 years, the proportion of careerists (congressmen elected ten or more times) has risen from 2.8 per cent to 20.0 per cent. The greatest increase occurred in the mid-1950s. The proportion of Southern Democrats numbered among the careerists has consistently been disproportionately large, with the number of Northern Democrats increasing, while Republican careerists have become relatively fewer. Fluctuations in the number of senior …
Regional Realignment from an Officeholding Perspective
Most of the scholarship on realignment has relied on information about party identification and much of it has concentrated on national patterns. An analysis of partisan victories in five types of offices for each of six regions reveals variation in the fortunes of the parties over the last thirty years. For all offices, Republican strength has grown appreciably in the Mountain West and the South. Generally, GOP gains came first in statewide cont…
Much Ado About Nothing? An Empirical Assessment of the Georgia Voter Identification Statute
Voter identification (ID) policies, especially those of the photo ID variety, have been hotly contested over the last few years. The primary concern surrounding these statutes amounts to lower turnout, especially among certain groups in the electorate, such as racial/ethnic minorities. In 2007, the way was cleared for Georgia to implement a new statute requiring registrants to present a government-issued photo ID to vote. Using population data on…
Motivations for U. S. Congressional Committee Preferences: Freshmen of the 92nd Congress
Is There a Conservative Coalition in the House
Coercion to Compliance: Southern School Districts and School Desegregation Guidelines
The Election of Blacks in the South: Preconditions and Consequences
Freshman Committee Assignments and Re-election in the United States House of Representatives
Two students of the committee assignment process, Nicholas Masters and Charles Clapp, as well as some congressmen, assert that the most crucial factor in filling committee vacancies is whether the appointment will enhance the recipient's chance of re-election. This statement is tested using data for Republican and Northern Democratic freshmen elected to the House between 1947 and 1967.The freshmen are grouped on the basis of assumptions about whi…
Worth a Thousand Words: An Analysis of Georgia's Voter Identification Statute
Georgia has joined the states seeking to require the presentation of a picture identification (ID) card, such as a Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV)—issued ID, before a person can vote. Opponents charge that this requirement makes it more difficult for minorities, the elderly, the poor, and those living in rural areas to participate. We examine these claims by determining which registered voters lack a DMV-issued photo ID. Multivariate models sh…
U.S. Senate Committee Assignments: Preferences, Motivations, and Success
Research into congressional committee preferences and assignments has been notably one-sided, with little attention given to the Senate. Using information from senators' letters and memos, this paper analyzes 290 committee requests made by Democrats from 1953 to 1971. The relative attractiveness of committees for freshmen and more senior members is reported along with information on the reasons behind committee desirability. The materials on memb…
One Person—No Vote; One Vote; Two Votes: Voting Methods, Ballot Types, and Undervote Frequency in the 2000 Presidential Election
Objectives . Political science long ignored the actual mechanics of voting—until the 2000 presidential contest. This research note offers a systematic empirical inquiry into the potential effects of various voting methods and electorate–specific variables on the rate at which citizens register a preference via the act of voting. Methods . Voting methods were analyzed in relation to the rate of undervotes recorded in Georgia’s 159 counties during …
Redistricting and Congressional Stability, 1962–72
Committee Transfers in the United States House of Representatives
Punch Cards, Jim Crow, and Al Gore: Explaining Voter Trust in the Electoral System in Georgia, 2000
Following the problems with presidential voting in Florida in 2000, voters and political scientists became interested in election administration. While empirical studies have shown that different election equipment can produce different tabulation error rates, little is known about the factors that affect voters' perceptions of good election administration. Using a survey of voters in Georgia, we examine these perceptions of the voting process. W…
The Consolidation of the White Southern Congressional Vote
This article explores the initial desertion and continued realignment of about one-sixth of the white voters in the South who, until 1994, stood by Democratic congressional candidates even as they voted for Republican presidential nominees. Prior to 1994, a sizable share of the white electorate distinguished between Democratic congressional and presidential candidates; since 1994 that distinction has been swept away. In 1992, a majority of white …
Redistricting and Congressional Stability, 1962-72
A Research Note on the Committee Reassignments of Southern Democratic Congressmen
Staggered Terms and Black Representation
Courts, the Justice Department, and civil rights groups have charged that staggered terms dilute minority political influence. This assertion is examined in the dual contexts of state senates and city councils. Neither bivariate nor multivariate analyses find use of overlapping terms to be associated with less representation of blacks in senates or southern municipalities. The percent black in the polity translates into black representation at ab…
Regional Variations in the Realignment of American Politics, 1944–2004
Objective. Perennial questions in electoral studies are what constitutes realignment, and when and where do realignments occur? Using the concepts of critical and secular realignments as a framework, we model change in the end product of realignment, election outcomes. We test for secular and critical changes in partisan strength across six geographic regions of the United States, focusing on office‐holding data at both the federal and state legi…
Recruitment of Women for Congress: A Research Note
Employment Statistics and Manpower
Discusses the program of the U.S. Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics and Bureau of Employment Security to provide statistical and related information as to specific needs and availability of workers. Agreement between the two agencies to participate jointly in financing the program; Cooperation in providing leadership at the federal level in program development; Primary responsibilities of each agency. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
A Research Note on the Committee Reassignments of Southern Democratic Congressmen
Public Housing: The Politics of Poverty. Leonard Freedman
Apprenticeship and Committee Assignments in the House of Representatives
School Desegregation: A Policy Analysis
Freshman Committee Assignments and Re-election in the United States House of Representatives
Two students of the committee assignment process, Nicholas Masters and Charles Clapp, as well as some congressmen, assert that the most crucial factor in filling committee vacancies is whether the appointment will enhance the recipient's chance of re-election. This statement is tested using data for Republican and Northern Democratic freshmen elected to the House between 1947 and 1967.The freshmen are grouped on the basis of assumptions about whi…
Recruitment of Women for Congress: A Research Note
House Careerists: Changing Patterns of Longevity and Attrition
During the last 60 years, the proportion of careerists (congressmen elected ten or more times) has risen from 2.8 per cent to 20.0 per cent. The greatest increase occurred in the mid-1950s. The proportion of Southern Democrats numbered among the careerists has consistently been disproportionately large, with the number of Northern Democrats increasing, while Republican careerists have become relatively fewer. Fluctuations in the number of senior …
Committee Transfers in the United States House of Representatives
The Politics of the Black "Nation". Matthew Holden, Jr. The White Man's Burden. Matthew Holden, Jr
Political and Racial Attitudes: Black Versus White
Efforts to alleviate the conditions of racial inequality in the last fifteen years have produced some considerable progress, especially in voting and public accommodations. In education, employment, and particularly housing, progress has been more modest. While many black Americans have gained substantially from civil rights efforts, the lives of millions of blacks-particularly those living in urban ghettos and rural areas-have probably been affe…
Black Political Attitudes: Implications for Political Support
School Desegregation: Successes and Failures
It is too early to determine if current efforts at racial integration of the public schools have yielded results sufficiently positive to justify the hope that the process can lead to racial tolerance, the elimination of discrimination, and better academic achievement for some children. Yet the frequently vengeful, and sometimes plaintive, cries that school desegregation has been a bust, necessitates an evaluation. Thus, this paper will seek to i…
Redistricting and Congressional Stability, 1962-72
Redistricting and Congressional Stability, 1962–72
The Election of Blacks in the South: Preconditions and Consequences
Institutional Racism: Prerequisites, Freezing, and Mapping
Motivations for U. S. Congressional Committee Preferences: Freshmen of the 92nd Congress
Defiance of the Law: School Discrimination before and after Desegregation
A statistical examination of the persistence of racial bias and its correlates. The limits, until now, in enforcement
Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America's Struggle for Equality, by Richard Kluger
Coercion to Compliance: Southern School Districts and School Desegregation Guidelines
Interracial Contact and Student Prejudice: The Impact of Southern School Desegregation
Maturation and Changes in the Correlates of Racial Attitudes
Black Ballots: Voting Rights in the South, 1944-1969, by Steven F. Lawson
The Justice Department and School Desegregation: The Importance of Developing Trust
Political science (104 works) · Law (90 works) · Politics (63 works) · Sociology (60 works) · Law (59 works) · Electoral Systems and Political Participation (54 works) · Public Administration (46 works) · Economics (34 works) · Public Administration (33 works) · Psychology (24 works)