Brian D Taylor
Biographic Data
| ID | 1177244 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Brian D Taylor |
| GIVEN NAMES | Brian D |
| FAMILY NAME | Taylor |
| SIGNATURE | TAYLOR B D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Syracuse University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1037-2751 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 43 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 258 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 43 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Nato Did Not Cause Putin’s Imperial War
Going Nowhere Faster: Did the Covid-19 Pandemic Accelerate the Trend Toward Staying Home
Problem, research strategy, and findingsCovid-19 significantly altered work, out-of-home activity participation, and travel, with much activity time being moved into the home. If these patterns hold, they could imply significant long-term changes for homes, businesses, cities, and transportation. We examined data for 34,000 respondents to the American Time Use Survey from 2019 (the pre-pandemic period), 2021 (the pandemic period), and 2022 and 20…
Pandemic transit: Examining transit use changes and equity implications in Boston, Houston, and Los Angeles
While the COVID-19 pandemic upended many aspects of life as we knew it, its effects on U.S. public transit were especially dramatic. Many former transit commuters began to work from home or switched to traveling via private vehicles. But for those who continued to work outside the home and could not drive—who were more likely low-income and Black or Hispanic—transit remained an important means of mobility. However, most transit agencies reduced s…
Vehicle access and falling transit ridership: Evidence from Southern California
Transit’s Financial Prognosis: Findings from a Survey of U.S. Transit Systems during the Covid-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic occasioned significant financial distress and uncertainty for many U.S. transit operators. In the face of this crisis, the federal government provided substantial supplemental operating support. To understand how this fiscal turmoil and relief have affected U.S. transit systems, we conducted two nationwide surveys of transit agency staff in 2020 and 2021-2022. While pandemic-induced financial shortfalls affected service in 2…
Going nowhere fast: Might changing activity patterns help explain falling travel
The inexorable rise in personal travel in the 20th century has given way to stagnation in the 21st, a phenomenon some call “peak travel.” We use 2003–2019 data from the American Time Use Survey to explore whether and why personal travel per capita has stopped growing. We show that time spent on personal travel has been dropping consistently over these years, and suggest that one important cause is likely a dramatic and ongoing decline in the time…
Tools of the Trade: Assessing the Progress of Accessibility Measures for Planning Practice
Problem, research strategy, and findings A growing number of planning researchers and practitioners argue for a shift from mobility-centered transportation planning to an accessibility-focused one. Accessibility is a compelling concept that has proven more difficult to operationalize than mobility, which helps to explain why so many accessibility metrics have been developed for urban research and planning practice. To assess the state of these me…
Analyzing voter support for California’s local option sales taxes for transportation
Roundtable on Gulnaz Sharafutdinova’s the red mirror: Putin’s leadership and russia’s insecure identity
Timothy Frye1In this roundtable, we bring together a distinguished group of academics to discuss Gulnaz Sharafutdinova’s excellent new book, The Red Mirror: Putin’s Leadership and Russia’s Insecure
Arguing over Transportation Sales Taxes: An Analysis of Equity Debates in Transportation Ballot Measures
What’s a fair way to pay for urban transportation? Local option sales taxes (LOSTs) for transportation are an increasingly common mechanism for locally financing transportation in the context of declining federal and state funding. LOSTs are typically regressive, raising equity concerns. But their fairness also depends on who benefits from them, based on which projects are funded, where projects are located, and when investments occur. We examine…
What Happened to Soviet Security Studies: An Essay on the State of the Field
Security issues were a central part of Soviet studies. This article considers how the study of security issues has changed with respect to Russia and Eurasia since the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union. It highlights a series of positive changes: a broadening of vision beyond Moscow, more engagement with mainstream social science, greater attention to security issues internal to post-Soviet states, and the creation of an ex…
A resurgence in urban living? Trends in residential location patterns of young and older adults since 2000
Some have heralded a resurgence of urban living in the U.S., particularly among young adults. Are Americans abandoning suburbs in favor of more urban lifestyles? What is the scope and scale of this urban resurgence? We develop a typology of neighborhoods to analyze the residential location of young and older U.S. adults from 2000 to 2011–15. Census and national travel survey data reveal that suburban population growth continues to outpace that in…
Does traffic congestion influence the location of new business establishments? An analysis of the San Francisco Bay Area
Chronic traffic congestion is widely assumed to negatively affect regional economic performance, but this assumption has been only lightly tested. We examine the traffic congestion–economic performance link using data for the San Francisco Bay Area and find that the effect of traffic on the regional economy may be both less significant and more nuanced than is widely assumed. Our analysis examines how traffic congestion affects the location of ne…
Is traffic congestion overrated? Examining the highly variable effects of congestion on travel and accessibility
Tired of Commuting? Relationships among Journeys to School, Sleep, and Exercise among American Teenagers
Public education policies that aim to improve educational outcomes can have the effect of increasing the distance that many students must travel to attend school. In this article, we use American Time Use Survey data to examine whether longer school commutes influence time spent on important health-promoting activities. We find school commute time to be strongly inversely related to time spent sleeping, and negatively related to time spent exerci…
The Russian Siloviki & Political Change
The siloviki – Russian security and military personnel – are a key part of Team Putin. They are not, however, a coherent group, and there are important organizational and factional cleavages among the siloviki. Compared with some security and military forces around the world, Russian military and security forces generally lack the attributes that would make them a proactive and cohesive actor in bringing about fundamental political change in Russ…
The Boy Who Cried Wolf? Media Messaging and Traveler Responses to “Carmageddon” in Los Angeles
One of the most heavily traveled freeways in the United States closed for construction over weekends in 2011 and 2012. Some public officials publicized the closures by appealing to civic pride whereas others threatened nightmarish delays they dubbed “Carmageddon.” In 2011, contrary to many media predictions, traffic flowed freely at volumes far below normal levels. Our analysis finds that travelers did not switch routes, modes, or trip timing, bu…
Public transportation objectives and rider demographics: Are transit’s priorities poor public policy
Fault-y Reasoning: Navigating the Liability Terrain in Intelligent Transportation Systems
Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) hold great promise to improve personal and commercial travel, but intelligently linking vehicles and travelers via increasingly interconnected real-time data systems creates a host of new and largely untested liability questions when things go wrong. In this article, we examine current policies, laws, and administrative codes guiding ITS liability by reviewing the scholarly literature and case law in the U…
What Explains the Gender Gap in Schlepping? Testing Various Explanations for Gender Differences in Household‐Serving Travel
Objectives Many gender differences in travel have begun to converge. Has convergence occurred for household‐serving travel, which constitutes a very large and growing share of all trips? Moreover, what explains the division of household‐serving travel in heterosexual couples? In answering these questions, we test the salience of three theories about the gendered division of household labor: (1) time availability, (2) microeconomic, and (3) gender…
Police reform in Russia: The Policy Process in a Hybrid Regime
Do hybrid regimes have policy processes distinct from other regime types? This article explores this issue through a case study of police reform in Russia, focusing specifically on the adoption of a new Law on the Police from 2009 to 2011. Drawing on concepts from the comparative policymaking literature, the study traces the policy enactment process and shows how the public parts of the process were largely (but not entirely) a façade behind whic…
State Building in Putin’s Russia: Policing and Coercion after Communism
This book argues that Putin's strategy for rebuilding the state was fundamentally flawed. Taylor demonstrates that a disregard for the way state officials behave toward citizens - state quality - had a negative impact on what the state could do - state capacity. Focusing on those organizations that control state coercion, what Russians call the 'power ministries', Taylor shows that many of the weaknesses of the Russian state that existed under Bo…
Robert Brannon: Russian Civil-Military Relations Thomas Gomart: Russian Civil-Military Relations: Putin's Legacy
The Thin Red Line: A Case Study of Political Influence on Transportation Planning Practice
Many critics of the federal transit finance program in the United States have argued that grantsmanship excessively influences the planning process, as local officials pressure transportation planners to produce cost and ridership forecasts that favor locally preferred projects. This article extends this critique from cost and patronage forecasting to other aspects of transit planning, particularly routing and tunneling safety evaluations, throug…
Just pricing: The distributional effects of congestion pricing and sales taxes
Spatial Mismatch or Automobile Mismatch? An Examination of Race, Residence and Commuting in US Metropolitan Areas
This paper uses data from the metropolitan samples of the American Housing Survey in 1977-78 and 1985 to examine the commute patterns of whites, blacks and Hispanics in US metropolitan areas, with a particular focus on the commutes of workers living in predominantly minority residential areas. Overall, the commute patterns of white and minority workers appear to be converging rather than diverging over time, even among low-skilled workers. Contra…
Police reform in Russia: The Policy Process in a Hybrid Regime
Do hybrid regimes have policy processes distinct from other regime types? This article explores this issue through a case study of police reform in Russia, focusing specifically on the adoption of a new Law on the Police from 2009 to 2011. Drawing on concepts from the comparative policymaking literature, the study traces the policy enactment process and shows how the public parts of the process were largely (but not entirely) a façade behind whic…
Tilly Tally: War-Making and State-Making in the Contemporary Third World
Does the war-making/state-making thesis, most associated with Charles Tilly, apply in the developing world If so, how? This essay reviews the bellicist literature and offers an explanation for variation in state capacity among the most war-prone states in the developing world. We investigate the influence of war on state strength in two countries, Afghanistan and Vietnam. We examine three hypothesized causal mechanisms about how war contributes t…
The Changing Commute: A Case-study of the Jobs-Housing Relationship over Time
Commuting patterns between home and work were studied among 30 000 employees of Kaiser Permanente, a major health care provider in Southern California. The study tracked the differences between home and work location among employees over 6 years by analysing employee records and responses to a survey of over 1500 of the workers. It was found that work trip lengths had in general not grown over the 6 year period. Growth of the work force had contr…
Gender gaps: Who needs to be explained
The hypothesis that explanations for differences between prototypical and nonprototypical members of categories would focus more on attributes of the latter than on those of the former was examined. Explanations for alleged gender differences in the behavior of voters, elementary school teachers, and college professors were elicited. As predicted, explanations for gender differences within the 3 categories emphasized the qualities of the "deviant…
Law enforcement and civil society in Russia
Many Russian civil society organisations are directly engaging with state law enforcement agencies, particularly the police, in joint efforts to improve the performance and change the norms and values of state officials involved in administering justice. These activities are based upon a model of state–society relations that stresses the possibility of a positive relationship of mutual assistance and partnership between the state and civil societ…
When Finance Leads Planning: Urban Planning, Highway Planning, and Metropolitan Freeways in California
Freeways have profoundly influenced the form and function of U.S. cities, yet urban planners generally played only a peripheral role in their development. This article traces the history of freeway development in California to show how political negotiations between local and state governments over street and highway finance resulted in urban freeways financed, designed, and built by the state highway department. To fund their ambitious transport…
Is traffic congestion overrated? Examining the highly variable effects of congestion on travel and accessibility
The Russian Siloviki & Political Change
The siloviki – Russian security and military personnel – are a key part of Team Putin. They are not, however, a coherent group, and there are important organizational and factional cleavages among the siloviki. Compared with some security and military forces around the world, Russian military and security forces generally lack the attributes that would make them a proactive and cohesive actor in bringing about fundamental political change in Russ…
The Soviet Military and the Disintegration of the USSR
This article uses competing theories of civil-military relations to explain why the Soviet military failed to act in a decisive manner to prevent the collapse of the USSR in 1991. The norms and beliefs held by Soviet military officers—that is, the military's organizational culture—were crucial in shaping officers' behavior. The article tests this explanation against other approaches to civil-military relations and finds that the organizational cu…
Rail Transit Security in an International Context: Lessons from Four Cities
Open, accessible urban public transportation systems have become increasingly frequent targets for terrorists in recent years. This article draws from a series of interviews with transit officials responsible for the security of rail transit systems, as well as architects and engineers responsible for designing and operating these systems in four world cities: London, Paris, Tokyo, and Madrid. The findings show that transit security is, not surpr…
Tired of Commuting? Relationships among Journeys to School, Sleep, and Exercise among American Teenagers
Public education policies that aim to improve educational outcomes can have the effect of increasing the distance that many students must travel to attend school. In this article, we use American Time Use Survey data to examine whether longer school commutes influence time spent on important health-promoting activities. We find school commute time to be strongly inversely related to time spent sleeping, and negatively related to time spent exerci…
The Thin Red Line: A Case Study of Political Influence on Transportation Planning Practice
Many critics of the federal transit finance program in the United States have argued that grantsmanship excessively influences the planning process, as local officials pressure transportation planners to produce cost and ridership forecasts that favor locally preferred projects. This article extends this critique from cost and patronage forecasting to other aspects of transit planning, particularly routing and tunneling safety evaluations, throug…
Politics and the Russian Army: Civil-Military Relations, 1689-2000
1. Explaining military intervention 2. Cultural change in the Imperial Russian Army, 1689-1914 3. The army and revolution, 1917 4. From revolution to war, 1917-41 5. From victory to stagnation, 1945-85 6. Gorbachev, Perestroika, and the collapse of the Soviet Union, 1985-91 7. Yeltsin and the New Russia, 1992-2000 8. Organizational culture and the future of Russian civil-military relations
Jobs, Jobs, Jobs: Political Perceptions, Economic Reality, and Capital Bias in U.S. Transit Subsidy Policy
The most recent federal surface transportation legislation significantly increased the emphasis in U.S. public transit subsidy policy on capital projects, especially rail transit. This emphasis on capital investments arises largely from perceptions by electedof ficials that transit capital investments bring significant local economic (and, hence, political) benefit. While analyses of the economic effects of transit investments shouldpr operly emp…
A resurgence in urban living? Trends in residential location patterns of young and older adults since 2000
Some have heralded a resurgence of urban living in the U.S., particularly among young adults. Are Americans abandoning suburbs in favor of more urban lifestyles? What is the scope and scale of this urban resurgence? We develop a typology of neighborhoods to analyze the residential location of young and older U.S. adults from 2000 to 2011–15. Census and national travel survey data reveal that suburban population growth continues to outpace that in…
Putin's "Historic Mission" State-Building and the Power Ministries in the North Caucasus
Putin has restored order in Russia, but fulfillment of his self-imposed mission depends on whether he can translate order into long-term improvements in state capacity
Russian civil‐military relations after the October uprising
Going nowhere fast: Might changing activity patterns help explain falling travel
The inexorable rise in personal travel in the 20th century has given way to stagnation in the 21st, a phenomenon some call “peak travel.” We use 2003–2019 data from the American Time Use Survey to explore whether and why personal travel per capita has stopped growing. We show that time spent on personal travel has been dropping consistently over these years, and suggest that one important cause is likely a dramatic and ongoing decline in the time…
Arguing over Transportation Sales Taxes: An Analysis of Equity Debates in Transportation Ballot Measures
What’s a fair way to pay for urban transportation? Local option sales taxes (LOSTs) for transportation are an increasingly common mechanism for locally financing transportation in the context of declining federal and state funding. LOSTs are typically regressive, raising equity concerns. But their fairness also depends on who benefits from them, based on which projects are funded, where projects are located, and when investments occur. We examine…
Does traffic congestion influence the location of new business establishments? An analysis of the San Francisco Bay Area
Chronic traffic congestion is widely assumed to negatively affect regional economic performance, but this assumption has been only lightly tested. We examine the traffic congestion–economic performance link using data for the San Francisco Bay Area and find that the effect of traffic on the regional economy may be both less significant and more nuanced than is widely assumed. Our analysis examines how traffic congestion affects the location of ne…
Russia's Passive Army: Rethinking Military Coups
Military coups are considered most likely when state political capacity is low and the army's corporate interests are threatened. However, these conditions are also frequently present in situations in which the military remains politically passive, weakening the explanatory power of these propositions. In Russia, an extremely weak state coexists with an army whose corporate interests have been threatened over the past decade, yet the military has…
Going Nowhere Faster: Did the Covid-19 Pandemic Accelerate the Trend Toward Staying Home
Problem, research strategy, and findingsCovid-19 significantly altered work, out-of-home activity participation, and travel, with much activity time being moved into the home. If these patterns hold, they could imply significant long-term changes for homes, businesses, cities, and transportation. We examined data for 34,000 respondents to the American Time Use Survey from 2019 (the pre-pandemic period), 2021 (the pandemic period), and 2022 and 20…
Robert Brannon: Russian Civil-Military Relations Thomas Gomart: Russian Civil-Military Relations: Putin's Legacy
Innovations in Road Finance: Examining the Growth in Electronic Tolling
This research examines the policy objectives, technical approaches, and political reactions associated with the current upsurge in electronic road pricing (ERP). The authors recently examined more than 90 implemented or proposed ERP projects around the globe, falling into four general categories: (a) facility congestion tolls, (b) cordon congestion tolls, (c) automated weight-distance truck tolls, and (d) distance-based user fees spanning entire …
Interview with Tom Bottomore
Perestroika and Soviet Foreign Policy Research: Rethinking The Theory of State-Monopoly Capitalism
Gender gaps: Who needs to be explained
The hypothesis that explanations for differences between prototypical and nonprototypical members of categories would focus more on attributes of the latter than on those of the former was examined. Explanations for alleged gender differences in the behavior of voters, elementary school teachers, and college professors were elicited. As predicted, explanations for gender differences within the 3 categories emphasized the qualities of the "deviant…
The Changing Commute: A Case-study of the Jobs-Housing Relationship over Time
Commuting patterns between home and work were studied among 30 000 employees of Kaiser Permanente, a major health care provider in Southern California. The study tracked the differences between home and work location among employees over 6 years by analysing employee records and responses to a survey of over 1500 of the workers. It was found that work trip lengths had in general not grown over the 6 year period. Growth of the work force had contr…
Russian civil‐military relations after the October uprising
Spatial Mismatch or Automobile Mismatch? An Examination of Race, Residence and Commuting in US Metropolitan Areas
This paper uses data from the metropolitan samples of the American Housing Survey in 1977-78 and 1985 to examine the commute patterns of whites, blacks and Hispanics in US metropolitan areas, with a particular focus on the commutes of workers living in predominantly minority residential areas. Overall, the commute patterns of white and minority workers appear to be converging rather than diverging over time, even among low-skilled workers. Contra…
When Finance Leads Planning: Urban Planning, Highway Planning, and Metropolitan Freeways in California
Freeways have profoundly influenced the form and function of U.S. cities, yet urban planners generally played only a peripheral role in their development. This article traces the history of freeway development in California to show how political negotiations between local and state governments over street and highway finance resulted in urban freeways financed, designed, and built by the state highway department. To fund their ambitious transport…
Russia's Passive Army: Rethinking Military Coups
Military coups are considered most likely when state political capacity is low and the army's corporate interests are threatened. However, these conditions are also frequently present in situations in which the military remains politically passive, weakening the explanatory power of these propositions. In Russia, an extremely weak state coexists with an army whose corporate interests have been threatened over the past decade, yet the military has…
Jobs, Jobs, Jobs: Political Perceptions, Economic Reality, and Capital Bias in U.S. Transit Subsidy Policy
The most recent federal surface transportation legislation significantly increased the emphasis in U.S. public transit subsidy policy on capital projects, especially rail transit. This emphasis on capital investments arises largely from perceptions by electedof ficials that transit capital investments bring significant local economic (and, hence, political) benefit. While analyses of the economic effects of transit investments shouldpr operly emp…
The Soviet Military and the Disintegration of the USSR
This article uses competing theories of civil-military relations to explain why the Soviet military failed to act in a decisive manner to prevent the collapse of the USSR in 1991. The norms and beliefs held by Soviet military officers—that is, the military's organizational culture—were crucial in shaping officers' behavior. The article tests this explanation against other approaches to civil-military relations and finds that the organizational cu…
Politics and the Russian Army: Civil-Military Relations, 1689-2000
1. Explaining military intervention 2. Cultural change in the Imperial Russian Army, 1689-1914 3. The army and revolution, 1917 4. From revolution to war, 1917-41 5. From victory to stagnation, 1945-85 6. Gorbachev, Perestroika, and the collapse of the Soviet Union, 1985-91 7. Yeltsin and the New Russia, 1992-2000 8. Organizational culture and the future of Russian civil-military relations
Inside Putin's Russia: Can there Be Reform Without Democracy
Innovations in Road Finance: Examining the Growth in Electronic Tolling
This research examines the policy objectives, technical approaches, and political reactions associated with the current upsurge in electronic road pricing (ERP). The authors recently examined more than 90 implemented or proposed ERP projects around the globe, falling into four general categories: (a) facility congestion tolls, (b) cordon congestion tolls, (c) automated weight-distance truck tolls, and (d) distance-based user fees spanning entire …
Responding to Security Threats in the Post-9/11 Era: A Portrait of U.S. Urban Public Transit
The 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States, and subsequent public transit system attacks in Madrid in 2004 and London in 2005, dramatically elevated concerns about the security of open, accessible transit systems. Accordingly, the authors report on a survey of 113 U.S. transit systems regarding their post-9/11 policies and practices. Sixteen of the 80 surveyed systems with rail service and/or enclosed bus or ferry terminals reported receivin…
Rail Transit Security in an International Context: Lessons from Four Cities
Open, accessible urban public transportation systems have become increasingly frequent targets for terrorists in recent years. This article draws from a series of interviews with transit officials responsible for the security of rail transit systems, as well as architects and engineers responsible for designing and operating these systems in four world cities: London, Paris, Tokyo, and Madrid. The findings show that transit security is, not surpr…
Law enforcement and civil society in Russia
Many Russian civil society organisations are directly engaging with state law enforcement agencies, particularly the police, in joint efforts to improve the performance and change the norms and values of state officials involved in administering justice. These activities are based upon a model of state–society relations that stresses the possibility of a positive relationship of mutual assistance and partnership between the state and civil societ…
Putin's "Historic Mission" State-Building and the Power Ministries in the North Caucasus
Putin has restored order in Russia, but fulfillment of his self-imposed mission depends on whether he can translate order into long-term improvements in state capacity
Just pricing: The distributional effects of congestion pricing and sales taxes
Tilly Tally: War-Making and State-Making in the Contemporary Third World
Does the war-making/state-making thesis, most associated with Charles Tilly, apply in the developing world If so, how? This essay reviews the bellicist literature and offers an explanation for variation in state capacity among the most war-prone states in the developing world. We investigate the influence of war on state strength in two countries, Afghanistan and Vietnam. We examine three hypothesized causal mechanisms about how war contributes t…
Robert Brannon: Russian Civil-Military Relations Thomas Gomart: Russian Civil-Military Relations: Putin's Legacy
The Thin Red Line: A Case Study of Political Influence on Transportation Planning Practice
Many critics of the federal transit finance program in the United States have argued that grantsmanship excessively influences the planning process, as local officials pressure transportation planners to produce cost and ridership forecasts that favor locally preferred projects. This article extends this critique from cost and patronage forecasting to other aspects of transit planning, particularly routing and tunneling safety evaluations, throug…
State Building in Putin’s Russia: Policing and Coercion after Communism
This book argues that Putin's strategy for rebuilding the state was fundamentally flawed. Taylor demonstrates that a disregard for the way state officials behave toward citizens - state quality - had a negative impact on what the state could do - state capacity. Focusing on those organizations that control state coercion, what Russians call the 'power ministries', Taylor shows that many of the weaknesses of the Russian state that existed under Bo…
Police reform in Russia: The Policy Process in a Hybrid Regime
Do hybrid regimes have policy processes distinct from other regime types? This article explores this issue through a case study of police reform in Russia, focusing specifically on the adoption of a new Law on the Police from 2009 to 2011. Drawing on concepts from the comparative policymaking literature, the study traces the policy enactment process and shows how the public parts of the process were largely (but not entirely) a façade behind whic…
Public transportation objectives and rider demographics: Are transit’s priorities poor public policy
Fault-y Reasoning: Navigating the Liability Terrain in Intelligent Transportation Systems
Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) hold great promise to improve personal and commercial travel, but intelligently linking vehicles and travelers via increasingly interconnected real-time data systems creates a host of new and largely untested liability questions when things go wrong. In this article, we examine current policies, laws, and administrative codes guiding ITS liability by reviewing the scholarly literature and case law in the U…
Political science (28 works) · Economics (23 works) · Law (21 works) · Law (20 works) · Politics (20 works) · Business (19 works) · Engineering (17 works) · Sociology (16 works) · Urban Transport and Accessibility (16 works) · Transport engineering (15 works)