John J Gumperz
Biographic Data
| ID | 121374 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John J Gumperz |
| GIVEN NAMES | John J |
| FAMILY NAME | Gumperz |
| SIGNATURE | GUMPERZ J J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Berkeley |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 51 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 3486 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 50 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1956 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
Commentary: Frames and contexts
One of the main challenges resulting from the past two decades of shift toward detailed micro-analytic studies of language and interaction has been the awareness of a need to relate microanalysis to wider social-cultural aspects of interactional situations
Prosody, Linguistic Diffusion and Conversational Inference
Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1980), pp. 44-65
Concluding Remarks
Contextualization Conventions
Language and Social Identity
Studying language, culture, and society: Sociolinguistics or linguistic anthropology?1
Making Space for Bilingual Communicative Practice
This paper argues that bilingual communication should not be conceived of as something distinct from everyday communicative interaction. Monolingual and bilingual children do not differ in what they do with language, but in how they do it. Whereas monolinguals rely on style switching and voicing, bilinguals employ these strategies in addition to their bilingual resources. Code-switching for bilinguals serves as an indexical strategy which functio…
Cross-Cultural Interviewing
Narrative Accounts in Gatekeeping Interviews: Intercultural Differences or Common Misunderstandings
In gatekeeping interviews candidates must rely on narrative strategies to demonstrate their suitability for a position. This includes the ability to project in their accounts 'an institutional self'. In this paper we will compare native with non-native English-speaking candidates and consider how culturally based differences in communicative background affect the conduct of the interaction
On interactional sociolinguistic method
Inference
Narrative Explanations: Accounting for Past Experience in Interviews
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Narrative Explanations: Accounting for Past Experience in Interviews
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Foreword by John J. Gumperz
Scholars in a number of fields have in recent years turned to everyday talk as the principal source from which to gain insights into both linguistic and social processes. The move is motivated by issues rooted in specific academic traditions and each group or school tends to focus on different aspects of verbal signs. Sociologists, for example, look to the sequential organization of conversational exchanges to learn how conversational involvement…
Prosody in Conversation: Interactional Studies
The essays in this volume are all original contributions dealing in one way or another with the analysis of prosody - primarily intonation and rhythm - and the role it plays in everyday conversation. They take as their methodological starting point the contention that the study of prosody must begin with genuine interactional rather than pre fabricated laboratory data. Through close empirical analysis of recorded material from genuine English, Ge…
Children's discourse and inferential practices in cooperative learning
Videotape recordings of classroom discourse in a cooperative learning program are analyzed using interactional sociolinguistic methods to go beyond the surface content of what is said and reveal the inferential processes by which participants assess what is intended at any one point in the interaction. The analysis shows that, contrary to what has sometimes been claimed, children when left to themselves are actively involved in the learning task …
Rethinking Linguistic Relativity
what's going on.I'm not sure you can ever have a Ja vanese response to Javanese art if you're not Javanese maybe you can if you spend ten years there, but you can't do it by watching a wayang show.So then there's the question of annotations, and trying to figure out how to get the real stuff across.There's a lot of concern about that.RH: You've written extensively on other conceptions of selhood, of personhood.A few minutes ago you used the phras…
Conversational Cooperation in Social Perspective
Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1990), pp. 429-441
Multicultural Discourse
Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage
This study is about the principles for constructing polite speeches. The core of it first appeared in Questions and Politeness, edited by Esther N. Goody (now out of print). It is here reissued with a fresh introduction that surveys the considerable literature in linguistics, psychology and the social sciences that the original extended essay stimulated, and suggests distinct directions for research. The authors describe and account for some rema…
Discourse Strategies (Studies in Interactional Sociolinguistics 1)
Discourse Strategies
Discourse Strategies
The World in a Grain of Sand: Studies in Conversational Order
Fact and inference in courtroom testimony
In August 1978, a sixteen-month-old child was brought to the emergency room of a large US Navy hospital in Southern California for treatment of burns. The personnel present were the emergency room nurse, a physiotherapist, a medical corpsman and Dr. A, the Navy physician in charge. Dr. A is one of many medical officers, natives of the Philippines, who are attached to various Navy units currently stationed at the base. Unofficial sources state tha…
Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage
This study is about the principles for constructing polite speeches. The core of it first appeared in Questions and Politeness, edited by Esther N. Goody (now out of print). It is here reissued with a fresh introduction that surveys the considerable literature in linguistics, psychology and the social sciences that the original extended essay stimulated, and suggests distinct directions for research. The authors describe and account for some rema…
Discourse Strategies
To understand the role of language in public life and the social process in general, we need first a closer understanding of how linguistic knowledge and social factors interact in discourse interpretation. This volume is a major advance towards that understanding. Professor Gumperz here synthesizes fundamental research on communication from a wide variety of disciplines - linguistics, sociolinguistics, anthropology and non-verbal communication -…
Linguistic and Social Interaction in Two Communities1
Language and Social Identity
Prosody in Conversation: Interactional Studies
The essays in this volume are all original contributions dealing in one way or another with the analysis of prosody - primarily intonation and rhythm - and the role it plays in everyday conversation. They take as their methodological starting point the contention that the study of prosody must begin with genuine interactional rather than pre fabricated laboratory data. Through close empirical analysis of recorded material from genuine English, Ge…
Rethinking Linguistic Relativity
what's going on.I'm not sure you can ever have a Ja vanese response to Javanese art if you're not Javanese maybe you can if you spend ten years there, but you can't do it by watching a wayang show.So then there's the question of annotations, and trying to figure out how to get the real stuff across.There's a lot of concern about that.RH: You've written extensively on other conceptions of selhood, of personhood.A few minutes ago you used the phras…
Dialect Differences and Social Stratification in a North Indian Village1
Language in social groups: Essays
The Ethnography of Communication
Making Space for Bilingual Communicative Practice
This paper argues that bilingual communication should not be conceived of as something distinct from everyday communicative interaction. Monolingual and bilingual children do not differ in what they do with language, but in how they do it. Whereas monolinguals rely on style switching and voicing, bilinguals employ these strategies in addition to their bilingual resources. Code-switching for bilinguals serves as an indexical strategy which functio…
Speech Variation and the Study of Indian Civilization 1
On the Linguistic Markers of Bilingual Communication
Studying language, culture, and society: Sociolinguistics or linguistic anthropology?1
Dialect and conversational inference in urban communication
Maintenance of dialect differences despite loss of communicative isolation points up the need to analyze the role of dialect-standard alternates in signalling social identity and in contributing to conversational inference. Such analysis should focus on conversational interaction and on the processes by which situated interpretations are arrived at and used as frames for interpreting what follows. An Afro-American sermon and a disputed speech by …
The communicative competence of bilinguals: Some Hypotheses and Suggestions for Research
A model for the description of bilingual speech is proposed which focuses on the linguistic and social constraints governing the speaker's selection of variables within a single complex linguistic repertoire. The model will be tested with field data from bilingual communities in India and Austria and results will be compared with relevant data on American English. The traditional dichotomy between bilingual and monolingual behavior is discarded a…
The Retrieval of Socio-Cultural Knowledge in Conversation
This paper examines how conversationalists retrieve and make use of sociocultural knowledge in conversation. It argues that this knowledge is organized in terms of interpretive frames that speakers activate and use to understand what is going on in a given interaction. These frames are not simply individual constructs but are shared by members of a speech community and are acquired through participation in communicative events. The paper analyzes…
Language Problems in the Rural Development of North India
Most of the discussion regarding the language issue in India so far has revolved about two problems. One of these concerns the spread of Hindi knowledge in those areas or fields of endeavor where other regional languages or English are now used; the other, the enrichment of Hindi vocabulary (or, as is usually stated, the development of the Hindi language), so as to make it possible to use it for dealing with topics related to modern science and t…
Linguistic Anthropology in Society
Communication problems in post-industrial society are seen to arise from two interacting factors: cultural differences and differences between lay and technical languages. They are a necessary consequence of the loosening of social boundaries and increasing technological specialization. Thus, they cannot be attributed to cultural or cognitive deprivation. Linguistic anthropology can contribute to a general theory of communication which may re-ori…
Directions in Sociolinguistics: The Ethnography of Communication
Language and Communication
Phonological Differences in Three Hindi Dialects
There has been a great deal of interest lately in the application of structural techniques to problems of dialect comparison. Studies in this field are rendered difficult, however, by the fact that many of the existing surveys were planned at a time when the phonemic principle was still insufficiently understood and questionnaires lacked examples illustrating points which were later found to be of great importance. As a result, many of the field …
Narrative Accounts in Gatekeeping Interviews: Intercultural Differences or Common Misunderstandings
In gatekeeping interviews candidates must rely on narrative strategies to demonstrate their suitability for a position. This includes the ability to project in their accounts 'an institutional self'. In this paper we will compare native with non-native English-speaking candidates and consider how culturally based differences in communicative background affect the conduct of the interaction
Inference
Children's discourse and inferential practices in cooperative learning
Videotape recordings of classroom discourse in a cooperative learning program are analyzed using interactional sociolinguistic methods to go beyond the surface content of what is said and reveal the inferential processes by which participants assess what is intended at any one point in the interaction. The analysis shows that, contrary to what has sometimes been claimed, children when left to themselves are actively involved in the learning task …
Interethnic discourse
Hindi Exercises and Readings
Language Problems in the Rural Development of North India
Most of the discussion regarding the language issue in India so far has revolved about two problems. One of these concerns the spread of Hindi knowledge in those areas or fields of endeavor where other regional languages or English are now used; the other, the enrichment of Hindi vocabulary (or, as is usually stated, the development of the Hindi language), so as to make it possible to use it for dealing with topics related to modern science and t…
Phonological Differences in Three Hindi Dialects
There has been a great deal of interest lately in the application of structural techniques to problems of dialect comparison. Studies in this field are rendered difficult, however, by the fact that many of the existing surveys were planned at a time when the phonemic principle was still insufficiently understood and questionnaires lacked examples illustrating points which were later found to be of great importance. As a result, many of the field …
Dialect Differences and Social Stratification in a North Indian Village1
Linguistic Diversity in South Asia: Studies in Regional, Social and Functional Variation
The Language Problem in South Asian Studies
Research Article| April 01 1961 The Language Problem in South Asian Studies John J. Gumperz John J. Gumperz Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Memorandum (Institute of Pacific Relations, American Council) (1932) 1 (2): 28–31. https://doi.org/10.2307/3023571 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Perm…
Speech Variation and the Study of Indian Civilization 1
Religion and Social Communication in Village North India
Although India presents a scene of great local cultural diversity, in the study of religion the subcontinent may be viewed as a single large field of social action. Within this field new movements are constantly arising, whose practices and ideas interact with others and penetrate from one section of the subcontinent to the other, filtering across deep political and social barriers. Thus in ancient times Brahminical Hinduism spread south from the…
Linguistic and Social Interaction in Two Communities1
The Ethnography of Communication
On the Linguistic Markers of Bilingual Communication
Language and Communication
Types of Linguistic Communities
Comparisons of linguistic and social behavior have been impeded by the fact that linguistic and anthropological studies are rarely based upon comparable sets of data. While the anthropologist's description refers to specific communities, the universe of linguistic analysis is a single language or dialect, a body of verbal signs abstracted from the totality of communicative behavior on the basis of certain structural or genetic similarities. To be…
Language in social groups: Essays
The communicative competence of bilinguals: Some Hypotheses and Suggestions for Research
A model for the description of bilingual speech is proposed which focuses on the linguistic and social constraints governing the speaker's selection of variables within a single complex linguistic repertoire. The model will be tested with field data from bilingual communities in India and Austria and results will be compared with relevant data on American English. The traditional dichotomy between bilingual and monolingual behavior is discarded a…
On Language in Society: Part II
Linguistic Anthropology in Society
Communication problems in post-industrial society are seen to arise from two interacting factors: cultural differences and differences between lay and technical languages. They are a necessary consequence of the loosening of social boundaries and increasing technological specialization. Thus, they cannot be attributed to cultural or cognitive deprivation. Linguistic anthropology can contribute to a general theory of communication which may re-ori…
Directions in Sociolinguistics: The Ethnography of Communication
The Sociolinguistic Significance of Conversational Code-Switching
Dialect and conversational inference in urban communication
Maintenance of dialect differences despite loss of communicative isolation points up the need to analyze the role of dialect-standard alternates in signalling social identity and in contributing to conversational inference. Such analysis should focus on conversational interaction and on the processes by which situated interpretations are arrived at and used as frames for interpreting what follows. An Afro-American sermon and a disputed speech by …
The Retrieval of Socio-Cultural Knowledge in Conversation
This paper examines how conversationalists retrieve and make use of sociocultural knowledge in conversation. It argues that this knowledge is organized in terms of interpretive frames that speakers activate and use to understand what is going on in a given interaction. These frames are not simply individual constructs but are shared by members of a speech community and are acquired through participation in communicative events. The paper analyzes…
Discourse Strategies
To understand the role of language in public life and the social process in general, we need first a closer understanding of how linguistic knowledge and social factors interact in discourse interpretation. This volume is a major advance towards that understanding. Professor Gumperz here synthesizes fundamental research on communication from a wide variety of disciplines - linguistics, sociolinguistics, anthropology and non-verbal communication -…
Fact and inference in courtroom testimony
In August 1978, a sixteen-month-old child was brought to the emergency room of a large US Navy hospital in Southern California for treatment of burns. The personnel present were the emergency room nurse, a physiotherapist, a medical corpsman and Dr. A, the Navy physician in charge. Dr. A is one of many medical officers, natives of the Philippines, who are attached to various Navy units currently stationed at the base. Unofficial sources state tha…
Thematic structure and progression in discourse
It has been customary to deal with cross-cultural differences in language behavior either in terms of correlations between interference (i.e., the mapping of grammatical and phonological patterns from one system to the other) and independently determined cultural presuppositions or in terms of social norms. The aim of this chapter is to show how these phenomena interact at the level of discourse so that, in spite of surface similarities, some sty…
Introduction: Language and the communication of social identity
In this volume we present a series of case studies exploring situations of intergroup communication in modern industrial society. These studies are instances out of which we seek to develop interpretive sociolinguistic approaches to human interaction which account for the role that communicative phenomena play in the exercise of power and control and in the production and reproduction of social identity. Our basic premise is that social processes…
Sociology (31 works) · Linguistics (30 works) · Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies (23 works) · Psychology (21 works) · Philosophy (20 works) · Computer Science (16 works) · Multilingual Education and Policy (16 works) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (11 works) · Philosophy (11 works) · Political science (10 works)