Brian Lambkin
Biographic Data
| ID | 1244859 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Brian Lambkin |
| GIVEN NAMES | Brian |
| FAMILY NAME | Lambkin |
| SIGNATURE | LAMBKIN B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Mellon Centre for Migration Studies |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 26 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
The pre-1969 historiography of the Northern Ireland conflict: A reappraisal
This article contributes to the the mapping of the ‘pathways of transmission’ of the Northern Ireland ‘problem’ by drawing attention to three problematic aspects of John Whyte’s appraisal of the pre-1969 historiography, in Interpreting Northern Ireland (1990): that the work of T. W. Moody and J. C. Beckett and their fellow historians before 1969 was ‘lightweight’ and ‘bland’; that they effectively ignored Ulster’s history of sectarian rioting unt…
Migration as a metaphor for time: ‘Dealing with’ the past and ‘dealing with’ the future
Two previous articles proposed the reframing of metaphors for metaphor and time in terms of migration as a device or tool for promoting public understanding. They addressed the difficulty in the social world of explaining the world of metaphor and the world of time (Lambkin, 2012, 2014). The latter was concerned with a particular difficulty of time: explaining how we access the world of the past and the world of the future from the world of the p…
Migration as a metaphor for time: Past, present and future
A previous article about the use of migration as a metaphor was concerned particularly with migration as a metaphor for metaphor (Lambkin, 2012). Here the concern is with migration as a metaphor for time, particularly as a metaphor for accessing the past and the future from the present. Two related dominant or guiding metaphors are identified: the past/future is a foreign country and the past/future is a lost /undiscovered world. The procedure ad…
Academic Antagonism and the ‘Resetting’ of the Northern Ireland ‘Problem’, 1969–1970: Owen Dudley Edwards vs. Hugh Trevor-Roper
An important intervention has been made in the discourse about the Northern Ireland conflict, demonstrating how the ‘setting’ and ‘resetting’ of the conflict as a ‘problem’ by academics is itself problematic, and calling for more work on the vexed relationship between the production of scholarly work and its impact on the conflict [Zalewski, M. & Barry, J. (Eds). (2006) Special issue, intervening in Northern Ireland: critically rethinking represe…
The historiography of the conflict in Northern Ireland and the reception of Andrew Boyd's Holy war in Belfast (1969)
Brian Lambkin*, The historiography of the conflict in Northern Ireland and the reception of Andrew Boyd's Holy war in Belfast (1969), Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, Vol. 114C (2014), pp. 327-358
Migration as a metaphor for metaphor
This article is concerned with migration as a metaphor for metaphor. Metaphor is generally recognised an essential tool in the promotion of public understanding of difficult subjects and this begs the question of what metaphors are available for promoting the understanding of metaphor itself. A review of metaphors for metaphor is undertaken and they are found to be of three types, based on seeing, travelling and thinking. It is argued that recent…
Within-Out: The Irish Diaspora
As well as immigration having made Ireland at the national level part of the British and other diasporas, many more diasporas have been formed within Ireland, at the multiple levels of province, county, parish, townland and family, by internal migration, mainly from the countryside to the towns. In Part II, for example, we encountered eighteenth- and twentieth-century migrants, from Ulster and Connacht respectively, settling in Munster and Leinst…
A Three-Outcome Process: Segregation, Integration and Modulation
We know now that major outcomes of Irish migration over the last four centuries have been: the conflicting projects of ‘Making Ireland British’ and ‘Making British Ireland Irish’; the urbanisation of a predominantly rural population; the formation of a global Irish diaspora; and the formation of parts of the diasporas of other countries in Ireland. New ways of thinking about Ireland’s diaspora of about 70 million people world-wide, Catholic, Prot…
Irish Migration, 1750–1800
Ireland’s dramatic population growth took off in these decades, but migration was not the main factor driving it. Paradoxically, the increase took place in spite of net emigration. The immigration flows from Britain and Europe were so reduced that the Protestant community was scarcely able to sustain itself, with southern landowners in search of new Protestant tenants instead looking north to Ulster. The main internal migration flow from the coun…
Irish Migration, 1650–1700
The flows of immigration and emigration over our four centuries came closest to equilibrium during this half-century. Ireland’s draw on the population of its neighbouring island remained strong and immigration in these five decades was actually greater than in the previous half-century. Inflows and outflows were particularly strong in the wake of the Cromwellian and Williamite military victories of 1649 and 1690 respectively. As in the first deca…
Irish Migration, 1950–2007
There was a dramatic transformation in the second half of the twentieth century when net emigration - dominant since the beginning of the eighteenth century - was reversed to net immigration. In the 1950s the prospect of such a transformation was almost unthinkable: as was reported at the time, if a little over-dramatically, ‘all economists and sociologists are agreed that, if this ominous trend continues, in another century the Irish race will …
Irish Migration, 1800–1845
This was the half-century in which Ireland became truly a country of ‘mass’ emigration. After the Act of Union in 1800, the country was little more attractive as a destination for immigrants than before. Those who did come were mainly from Britain looking for a place of opportunity, but too few to promote much closer integration of the two islands. The population continued to grow dramatically and this, combined with slow economic growth, had the…
A Three-Way Process: Immigration, Internal Migration and Emigration
The overview of migration in Irish history as a three-stage process given in the previous chapter featured emigration more than immigration because over these 400 years it has been the dominant direction of flow. However, it is important to realise that the leavings, crossings and arrivals of Ireland’s emigrants, from Hugh O’Neill to Edna O’Brien, have been paralleled by those of its immigrants. Migration is not simply a one-directional process o…
Irish Migration, 1700–1750
Those whose lifetimes spanned this half-century must have noticed a stark change underway: in 1700 Ireland was a country of net immigration; in 1750 it was a country of net emigration, which would continue for nearly 300 years, until the short-term reversal of the early 1970s. Following the surge in the later 1690s, large-scale immigration from Britain declined fairly sharply. The correspondingly high emigration to Europe stayed at a high level a…
Irish Migration, 1607–1650
The thoughts that occupied the minds of the Earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnell as they prepared to depart from Rathmullan on 14 September 1607 remain a mystery, caught as they were between the forces holding them in Ireland and those drawing them to Europe. Until his death in Rome in 1616, Hugh O’Neill, Earl of Tyrone, like many other ‘exiles’, lived with the ebb and flow of circumstances that altered the likelihood of his return. The power vacuum cr…
Irish Migration, 1845–1855
So cataclysmic was the impact of the Great Famine on Ireland that in a survey like this the decade between 1845 and 1855 requires its own chapter. With the appearance of the potato blight in the autumn of 1845 the strength of the forces driving internal migration and emigration was dramatically increased. Although traumatic in the extreme, this did not mark a complete break with the past because while new migration flows were started in some area…
Irish Migration, 1900–1950
As migration within and between most parts of the world accelerated in the twentieth century, there was a gradual decline in the importance of Europe (Hoerder 2002, 443–583; Castles and Miller 2003; Bayly 2004). Global economic and political forces, already significant in shaping Irish migration patterns in the century before 1900, became all the more powerful in the century ahead (MacLaughlin 1997, 7–10; O’Toole 1997; Kuhling and Keohane 2007, 5…
Migration and Irish Migration Studies
The scale of the shift in Europe’s migration story, driven by the twin engines of industrialisation and urbanisation, is seen most starkly in the growth of its cities in relation to its population. Between 1800 and 1900 London grew by 340 per cent to 6.5 million; Paris by 345 per cent to 2.5 million; Vienna by 490 per cent to about 2 million; and Berlin by a staggering 872 per cent also to about 2 million. In 1800, when Europe’s population was ab…
A Three-Stage Process: Leaving, Crossing, Arriving
All processes can be thought of as a three-stage ‘journey’ — movement that involves leaving a point of departure and crossing to a point of arrival. Defined as movement from one place of residence to another, the migration process therefore has the same basic three-stage structure as the journey: leaving, crossing and arriving. We look now at Irish migration over the last four centuries in terms of each of these three stages. These keywords were …
In: The British and Other Diasporas
Until recently, what has been referred to by Irish nationalists as ‘the British presence in Ireland’ has rarely been thought of as part of the ‘British diaspora’ (Horn 1998; Bridge and Fedorowich 2003). This is because the collective scattering of British migrants world-wide has normally been thought of in the distinctive terms of empire, or ‘settler colonies’ (Manning 2005, 149). Unlike the exiles and emigrants of other non-imperial countries, s…
Irish Migration, 1855–1900
The impact of the Great Famine was felt throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth. Emigration persisted at a level higher than in any other country in Europe and thought of as a chronic haemorrhage, it resulted in steady population decline. The force-field of Irish migration had experienced a massive distortion. As well as the expulsive force of the Famine, the huge numbers of its emigrants now abroad exerted a relentle…
Conclusion: Migration in Irish History
In chapter 1 we noted that, whether we view it from a religious or secular standpoint, much of our thinking about the future is coloured by our own experience of migration, our understanding of historic migration, and the prospect of becoming homeless. One example that we encountered in our survey (chapter 10) was Thomas D’Arcy McGee’s description of the Famine emigrants’ ships as ‘sailing coffins’ that ‘carried them to a new world, indeed; not t…
Migration in Irish History, 1607–2007
Migration - people moving in as immigrants, around as migrants, and out as emigrants - is a major theme of Irish history. This is the first book to offer both a survey of the last four centuries and a
The Emotional Function of the Migrant's "Birthplace" in Transnational Belonging: Thomas Mellon (1813-1908) and Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919)
Two migrant autobiographies (Mellon and Carnegie) are selected for comparison of their detailed descriptions of return to the birthplace. It is of added interest that both birthplaces are now public museums. The narratives are analysed in terms of the sevenfold typology of Booker (2004). Consideration is then given to a theory about the significance of the migrant's birthplace advanced in a third migrant narrative by Edna O'Brien. Finally, it is …
Irish Immigrants in the Land of Canaan: Letters and Memoirs from Colonial and Revolutionary America, 1675-181
Migration in Irish History, 1607–2007
Migration - people moving in as immigrants, around as migrants, and out as emigrants - is a major theme of Irish history. This is the first book to offer both a survey of the last four centuries and a
The Emotional Function of the Migrant's "Birthplace" in Transnational Belonging: Thomas Mellon (1813-1908) and Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919)
Two migrant autobiographies (Mellon and Carnegie) are selected for comparison of their detailed descriptions of return to the birthplace. It is of added interest that both birthplaces are now public museums. The narratives are analysed in terms of the sevenfold typology of Booker (2004). Consideration is then given to a theory about the significance of the migrant's birthplace advanced in a third migrant narrative by Edna O'Brien. Finally, it is …
The pre-1969 historiography of the Northern Ireland conflict: A reappraisal
This article contributes to the the mapping of the ‘pathways of transmission’ of the Northern Ireland ‘problem’ by drawing attention to three problematic aspects of John Whyte’s appraisal of the pre-1969 historiography, in Interpreting Northern Ireland (1990): that the work of T. W. Moody and J. C. Beckett and their fellow historians before 1969 was ‘lightweight’ and ‘bland’; that they effectively ignored Ulster’s history of sectarian rioting unt…
Irish Immigrants in the Land of Canaan: Letters and Memoirs from Colonial and Revolutionary America, 1675-181
The Fabric of Memory, Identity and Diaspora: An Irish Needlework Sampler in Australia with United States and Canadian Connections
Irish emigrants generally brought some material possessions with them from the ‘old world’ of Ireland to the ‘new world’ destinations of the Irish diaspora, but relatively few of them survive in museum collections or in private hands. Considering the modest economic status of most emigrants and the restricted circumstances of their journeys, this is hardly surprising. Typically, their physical baggage was not extensive, as we may see from ship pa…
The Fabric of Memory, Identity and Diaspora: An Irish Needlework Sampler in Australia with United States and Canadian Connections
Irish emigrants generally brought some material possessions with them from the ‘old world’ of Ireland to the ‘new world’ destinations of the Irish diaspora, but relatively few of them survive in museum collections or in private hands. Considering the modest economic status of most emigrants and the restricted circumstances of their journeys, this is hardly surprising. Typically, their physical baggage was not extensive, as we may see from ship pa…
Irish Immigrants in the Land of Canaan: Letters and Memoirs from Colonial and Revolutionary America, 1675-181
Within-Out: The Irish Diaspora
As well as immigration having made Ireland at the national level part of the British and other diasporas, many more diasporas have been formed within Ireland, at the multiple levels of province, county, parish, townland and family, by internal migration, mainly from the countryside to the towns. In Part II, for example, we encountered eighteenth- and twentieth-century migrants, from Ulster and Connacht respectively, settling in Munster and Leinst…
A Three-Outcome Process: Segregation, Integration and Modulation
We know now that major outcomes of Irish migration over the last four centuries have been: the conflicting projects of ‘Making Ireland British’ and ‘Making British Ireland Irish’; the urbanisation of a predominantly rural population; the formation of a global Irish diaspora; and the formation of parts of the diasporas of other countries in Ireland. New ways of thinking about Ireland’s diaspora of about 70 million people world-wide, Catholic, Prot…
Irish Migration, 1750–1800
Ireland’s dramatic population growth took off in these decades, but migration was not the main factor driving it. Paradoxically, the increase took place in spite of net emigration. The immigration flows from Britain and Europe were so reduced that the Protestant community was scarcely able to sustain itself, with southern landowners in search of new Protestant tenants instead looking north to Ulster. The main internal migration flow from the coun…
Irish Migration, 1650–1700
The flows of immigration and emigration over our four centuries came closest to equilibrium during this half-century. Ireland’s draw on the population of its neighbouring island remained strong and immigration in these five decades was actually greater than in the previous half-century. Inflows and outflows were particularly strong in the wake of the Cromwellian and Williamite military victories of 1649 and 1690 respectively. As in the first deca…
Irish Migration, 1950–2007
There was a dramatic transformation in the second half of the twentieth century when net emigration - dominant since the beginning of the eighteenth century - was reversed to net immigration. In the 1950s the prospect of such a transformation was almost unthinkable: as was reported at the time, if a little over-dramatically, ‘all economists and sociologists are agreed that, if this ominous trend continues, in another century the Irish race will …
Irish Migration, 1800–1845
This was the half-century in which Ireland became truly a country of ‘mass’ emigration. After the Act of Union in 1800, the country was little more attractive as a destination for immigrants than before. Those who did come were mainly from Britain looking for a place of opportunity, but too few to promote much closer integration of the two islands. The population continued to grow dramatically and this, combined with slow economic growth, had the…
A Three-Way Process: Immigration, Internal Migration and Emigration
The overview of migration in Irish history as a three-stage process given in the previous chapter featured emigration more than immigration because over these 400 years it has been the dominant direction of flow. However, it is important to realise that the leavings, crossings and arrivals of Ireland’s emigrants, from Hugh O’Neill to Edna O’Brien, have been paralleled by those of its immigrants. Migration is not simply a one-directional process o…
Irish Migration, 1700–1750
Those whose lifetimes spanned this half-century must have noticed a stark change underway: in 1700 Ireland was a country of net immigration; in 1750 it was a country of net emigration, which would continue for nearly 300 years, until the short-term reversal of the early 1970s. Following the surge in the later 1690s, large-scale immigration from Britain declined fairly sharply. The correspondingly high emigration to Europe stayed at a high level a…
Irish Migration, 1607–1650
The thoughts that occupied the minds of the Earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnell as they prepared to depart from Rathmullan on 14 September 1607 remain a mystery, caught as they were between the forces holding them in Ireland and those drawing them to Europe. Until his death in Rome in 1616, Hugh O’Neill, Earl of Tyrone, like many other ‘exiles’, lived with the ebb and flow of circumstances that altered the likelihood of his return. The power vacuum cr…
Irish Migration, 1845–1855
So cataclysmic was the impact of the Great Famine on Ireland that in a survey like this the decade between 1845 and 1855 requires its own chapter. With the appearance of the potato blight in the autumn of 1845 the strength of the forces driving internal migration and emigration was dramatically increased. Although traumatic in the extreme, this did not mark a complete break with the past because while new migration flows were started in some area…
Irish Migration, 1900–1950
As migration within and between most parts of the world accelerated in the twentieth century, there was a gradual decline in the importance of Europe (Hoerder 2002, 443–583; Castles and Miller 2003; Bayly 2004). Global economic and political forces, already significant in shaping Irish migration patterns in the century before 1900, became all the more powerful in the century ahead (MacLaughlin 1997, 7–10; O’Toole 1997; Kuhling and Keohane 2007, 5…
Migration and Irish Migration Studies
The scale of the shift in Europe’s migration story, driven by the twin engines of industrialisation and urbanisation, is seen most starkly in the growth of its cities in relation to its population. Between 1800 and 1900 London grew by 340 per cent to 6.5 million; Paris by 345 per cent to 2.5 million; Vienna by 490 per cent to about 2 million; and Berlin by a staggering 872 per cent also to about 2 million. In 1800, when Europe’s population was ab…
A Three-Stage Process: Leaving, Crossing, Arriving
All processes can be thought of as a three-stage ‘journey’ — movement that involves leaving a point of departure and crossing to a point of arrival. Defined as movement from one place of residence to another, the migration process therefore has the same basic three-stage structure as the journey: leaving, crossing and arriving. We look now at Irish migration over the last four centuries in terms of each of these three stages. These keywords were …
In: The British and Other Diasporas
Until recently, what has been referred to by Irish nationalists as ‘the British presence in Ireland’ has rarely been thought of as part of the ‘British diaspora’ (Horn 1998; Bridge and Fedorowich 2003). This is because the collective scattering of British migrants world-wide has normally been thought of in the distinctive terms of empire, or ‘settler colonies’ (Manning 2005, 149). Unlike the exiles and emigrants of other non-imperial countries, s…
Irish Migration, 1855–1900
The impact of the Great Famine was felt throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth. Emigration persisted at a level higher than in any other country in Europe and thought of as a chronic haemorrhage, it resulted in steady population decline. The force-field of Irish migration had experienced a massive distortion. As well as the expulsive force of the Famine, the huge numbers of its emigrants now abroad exerted a relentle…
Conclusion: Migration in Irish History
In chapter 1 we noted that, whether we view it from a religious or secular standpoint, much of our thinking about the future is coloured by our own experience of migration, our understanding of historic migration, and the prospect of becoming homeless. One example that we encountered in our survey (chapter 10) was Thomas D’Arcy McGee’s description of the Famine emigrants’ ships as ‘sailing coffins’ that ‘carried them to a new world, indeed; not t…
Migration in Irish History, 1607–2007
Migration - people moving in as immigrants, around as migrants, and out as emigrants - is a major theme of Irish history. This is the first book to offer both a survey of the last four centuries and a
The Emotional Function of the Migrant's "Birthplace" in Transnational Belonging: Thomas Mellon (1813-1908) and Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919)
Two migrant autobiographies (Mellon and Carnegie) are selected for comparison of their detailed descriptions of return to the birthplace. It is of added interest that both birthplaces are now public museums. The narratives are analysed in terms of the sevenfold typology of Booker (2004). Consideration is then given to a theory about the significance of the migrant's birthplace advanced in a third migrant narrative by Edna O'Brien. Finally, it is …
Migration as a metaphor for metaphor
This article is concerned with migration as a metaphor for metaphor. Metaphor is generally recognised an essential tool in the promotion of public understanding of difficult subjects and this begs the question of what metaphors are available for promoting the understanding of metaphor itself. A review of metaphors for metaphor is undertaken and they are found to be of three types, based on seeing, travelling and thinking. It is argued that recent…
Migration as a metaphor for time: ‘Dealing with’ the past and ‘dealing with’ the future
Two previous articles proposed the reframing of metaphors for metaphor and time in terms of migration as a device or tool for promoting public understanding. They addressed the difficulty in the social world of explaining the world of metaphor and the world of time (Lambkin, 2012, 2014). The latter was concerned with a particular difficulty of time: explaining how we access the world of the past and the world of the future from the world of the p…
Migration as a metaphor for time: Past, present and future
A previous article about the use of migration as a metaphor was concerned particularly with migration as a metaphor for metaphor (Lambkin, 2012). Here the concern is with migration as a metaphor for time, particularly as a metaphor for accessing the past and the future from the present. Two related dominant or guiding metaphors are identified: the past/future is a foreign country and the past/future is a lost /undiscovered world. The procedure ad…
Academic Antagonism and the ‘Resetting’ of the Northern Ireland ‘Problem’, 1969–1970: Owen Dudley Edwards vs. Hugh Trevor-Roper
An important intervention has been made in the discourse about the Northern Ireland conflict, demonstrating how the ‘setting’ and ‘resetting’ of the conflict as a ‘problem’ by academics is itself problematic, and calling for more work on the vexed relationship between the production of scholarly work and its impact on the conflict [Zalewski, M. & Barry, J. (Eds). (2006) Special issue, intervening in Northern Ireland: critically rethinking represe…
The historiography of the conflict in Northern Ireland and the reception of Andrew Boyd's Holy war in Belfast (1969)
Brian Lambkin*, The historiography of the conflict in Northern Ireland and the reception of Andrew Boyd's Holy war in Belfast (1969), Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, Vol. 114C (2014), pp. 327-358
History (24 works) · Irish and British Studies (20 works) · Irish (19 works) · Sociology (19 works) · Archaeology (17 works) · Emigration (16 works) · Geography (16 works) · Political science (13 works) · Immigration (12 works) · Demography (11 works)