Harriet Friedmann
Biographic Data
| ID | 132665 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Harriet Friedmann |
| GIVEN NAMES | Harriet |
| FAMILY NAME | Friedmann |
| SIGNATURE | FRIEDMANN H |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Toronto |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 40 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 744 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 40 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Farming Futures
Can public universities play a role in fostering seed sovereignty
Across Canada and the United States, public universities were founded with a mission to contribute to broad societal well-being. Yet, the capacity of public research institutions to develop and disseminate flexible and accessible tools for resilient agriculture has been challenged in recent decades. The role of universities in advancing extractive, rather than regenerative, economies has been amplified by the privatization of public agricultural …
Land, territory and commons: Voices and visions from the struggles
All over the world, financial capitalism and extractivism are appropriating land as if it was nothing more than a commodity, a mere ‘factor’ of production that can be exploited to generate financial returns. Movements and activists are organizing, resisting, protecting and promoting life-giving visions against this continuous enclosure of living beings and paces: they use their bodies, laws, educational projects, histories and visions to regain c…
Pandemic reflections from Toronto
Development pathways toward “zero hunger”
Agroecology and Food Sovereignty
We propose that agroecology provides a framework for understanding ‘levels’ for the transition to sustainable food systems. If we agree that agroecology includes social and political dimensions of governing territorial food systems, then it must be linked to movements for food sovereignty. However, the concentration of power in food and farmingsystems locks in industrial logic, posing immense barriers to agroecological and social transition. This…
The Awkward Class: A Foundation for Peasant Studies
Teodor Shanin's The Awkward Class helped to launch two immensely important research directions. First, resistance by Russian peasants to modernizing agricultural policies by both Tsarist and Soviet governments opened new questions about collectivization of agriculture, and made Russian history relevant to the study of 'developing societies.' Second, the idea of cyclical mobility of peasant households challenged the then widely held assumption tha…
Forum: Fifty years of debate on peasantries, 1966-2016
Ben WhiteThe idea for this discussion originated in a wooden cabin in the Dutch polders in the late summer of 2015. Harriet Friedmann responded enthusiastically to my observation that the Internati
Towards a Natural History of Foodgetting
Like all species, humans change our environments to get food.Foodgetting is the dimension of human history that links us directly and indirectly with all other beings. Inescapably and at once both historical and natural, human foodgetting can be understood both as natural history and as historical nature. It implicates our species being in the evolving web of life. In its complex embodied, encultured and social relations, human nature evolves. To…
Paradox of Transition: Two Reports on How to Move Towards Sustainable Food Systems
Commentary: Food regime analysis and agrarian questions: widening the conversation
The central disagreement between McMichael and Bernstein boils down to how each of them analyses food and agriculture in relation to capitalist dynamics. McMichael thinks the main contradictions of capitalism now stem from agriculture, and any positive future will be guided by farmers. Bernstein thinks capitalism has fully absorbed agriculture (including farmers not expelled from the land) into circuits of capital, turning agriculture into simply…
Entries
The Global Food Economy: The Battle for the Future of Farming - By Tony Weis
Whose Rules Rule? Contested Projects to Certify 'Local Production for Distant Consumers'1
As transnational agrifood supply chains undermine local markets and agroecosystems, farmers everywhere must adapt or find alternative connections to customers. Two projects for global agrifood relations are emerging: from above, led by supermarkets, which enforces standard norms; and an alternative from below, presently led by the Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity, which qualifies products specific to diverse cultural/natural regions. We cons…
Scaling up: Bringing public institutions and food service corporations into the project for a local, sustainable food system in Ontario
Focusing on Agriculture: A Comment on Henry Bernstein's ‘Is There an Agrarian Question in the 21st Century?’
(2006). Focusing on Agriculture: A Comment on Henry Bernstein's ‘Is There an Agrarian Question in the 21st Century?’. Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'études du développement: Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 461-465
From Colonialism to Green Capitalism: Social Movements and Emergence of Food Regimes
This paper suggests that a corporate-environmental food regime is emerging as part of a larger restructuring of capitalism. Like past food regimes, it reflects specific social and political compromises, which I interpret through the social movement concept of interpretive frames. The diasporic-colonial food regime of 1870–1914 grew up in response to working class movements in Europe, and created a historically unprecedent class of commercial fami…
Forum: Considering the Quebec Summit The World Social Forum at Porto Alegre and the People’s Summit at Quebec City: A View from the Ground
(2001). Forum: Considering the Quebec Summit The World Social Forum at Porto Alegre and the People’s Summit at Quebec City: A View from the Ground. Studies in Political Economy: Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 85-105
The Globalisation of Poverty: Impacts of IMF and World Bank Reforms
Free Markets and Food Riots: The Politics of Global Adjustment
Prometheus Rebounds
Premature rigour: Or, can Ben Fine have his contingency and eat it, too
(1994). Premature rigour: Or, can Ben Fine have his contingency and eat it, too? Review of International Political Economy: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 553-561
The Politics of Food in Mexico: State Power and Social Mobilization
The Regulation of International Markets: The Unresolved Tension Between National States and Transnational Accumulation
Writing near the middle of the twentieth century, and near the end of World War II, Karl Polanyi (1957(1944)) interpreted the history of capitalism as the tension between two movements. The dominant movement, which originated with the capitalist epoch, was the utopian project to create a self-regulating market. Because it was utopian, that project could have devastating consequences. The counter movement consisted of the multitude of survival str…
The Political Economy of Food: A Global Crisis
International conflict over agricultural regulation continues after more than six years to threaten to destroy the whole Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (gatt), and with it an agreement that greatly extends corporate power relative to national (and public) power. Paradoxically, the deadlock
Household production and the national economy: Concepts for the analysis of Agrarian formations
This essay argues that the central concept for analysis of agrarian social relations is the form of production. This is conceived through a double specification of the unit of production and the social formation. The approach allows for the analytical specification of simple commodity production and capitalist relations of production in a manner consistent with the development of new concepts within political economy for agrarian structures which…
World Market, State, and Family Farm: Social Bases of Household Production in the Era of Wage Labor
Between 1873 and 1935 dramatic changes took place in the character of production in the industrial nations of the world. Longstanding and newly formed states in Europe and America engaged in vigorous campaigns of territorial expansion, so that virtually all the globe came to be incorporated within the sphere of world markets. During the same period, the expansion in industrial countries of new techniques of mass production coincided with growth a…
Simple commodity production and wage labour in the American plains∗
Households which exclusively produce a single commodity have a dual character as enterprises and as families. Competition establishes a constant requirement for labour, while demographic variation prevents its continuous supply within the household. Using data from a county in the heart of the American wheat plains to illustrate the analysis, this paper applies a modified version of Marx's theory to the circuits of reproduction of simple commodit…
The Political Economy of Food: The Rise and Fall of the Postwar International Food Order
The widespread perception of a "food crisis" since the early 1970s reflects a real turning point in the global structure of production and distribution of food grains. Scarcity is always an aspect of capitalist relations, but its specific form is determined historically through the international food order. The latter is a stable set of complementary state policies whose implicit coordination creates specific prices relative to other prices, a sp…
Commentary: Food regime analysis and agrarian questions: widening the conversation
The central disagreement between McMichael and Bernstein boils down to how each of them analyses food and agriculture in relation to capitalist dynamics. McMichael thinks the main contradictions of capitalism now stem from agriculture, and any positive future will be guided by farmers. Bernstein thinks capitalism has fully absorbed agriculture (including farmers not expelled from the land) into circuits of capital, turning agriculture into simply…
Scaling up: Bringing public institutions and food service corporations into the project for a local, sustainable food system in Ontario
Forum: Fifty years of debate on peasantries, 1966-2016
Ben WhiteThe idea for this discussion originated in a wooden cabin in the Dutch polders in the late summer of 2015. Harriet Friedmann responded enthusiastically to my observation that the Internati
Distance and durability: Shaky foundations of the world food economy
(1992). Distance and durability: Shaky foundations of the world food economy. Third World Quarterly: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 371-383
Patriarchy and Property: A Reply to Goodman and Redclift
Whose Rules Rule? Contested Projects to Certify 'Local Production for Distant Consumers'1
As transnational agrifood supply chains undermine local markets and agroecosystems, farmers everywhere must adapt or find alternative connections to customers. Two projects for global agrifood relations are emerging: from above, led by supermarkets, which enforces standard norms; and an alternative from below, presently led by the Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity, which qualifies products specific to diverse cultural/natural regions. We cons…
Focusing on Agriculture: A Comment on Henry Bernstein's ‘Is There an Agrarian Question in the 21st Century?’
(2006). Focusing on Agriculture: A Comment on Henry Bernstein's ‘Is There an Agrarian Question in the 21st Century?’. Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'études du développement: Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 461-465
Development pathways toward “zero hunger”
The Awkward Class: A Foundation for Peasant Studies
Teodor Shanin's The Awkward Class helped to launch two immensely important research directions. First, resistance by Russian peasants to modernizing agricultural policies by both Tsarist and Soviet governments opened new questions about collectivization of agriculture, and made Russian history relevant to the study of 'developing societies.' Second, the idea of cyclical mobility of peasant households challenged the then widely held assumption tha…
Land, territory and commons: Voices and visions from the struggles
All over the world, financial capitalism and extractivism are appropriating land as if it was nothing more than a commodity, a mere ‘factor’ of production that can be exploited to generate financial returns. Movements and activists are organizing, resisting, protecting and promoting life-giving visions against this continuous enclosure of living beings and paces: they use their bodies, laws, educational projects, histories and visions to regain c…
The Political Economy of Food: A Global Crisis
International conflict over agricultural regulation continues after more than six years to threaten to destroy the whole Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (gatt), and with it an agreement that greatly extends corporate power relative to national (and public) power. Paradoxically, the deadlock
Economic Analysis of the Postbellum South: Regional Economies and World Markets. A Review Article
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Dependency Theory: A Critique
Although dependency theory represents an advance over evolutionary theories of development and underdevelopment, it has confronted serious difficulties in attempting to analyze social relationships based on geographical observations and in attempting to construct a model of the world capitalist system. It is argued that these difficulties are rooted in four basic aspects of dependency theory: (1) the basic unit of the world system is seen as a dy…
Paradox of Transition: Two Reports on How to Move Towards Sustainable Food Systems
Premature rigour: Or, can Ben Fine have his contingency and eat it, too
(1994). Premature rigour: Or, can Ben Fine have his contingency and eat it, too? Review of International Political Economy: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 553-561
The Regulation of International Markets: The Unresolved Tension Between National States and Transnational Accumulation
Writing near the middle of the twentieth century, and near the end of World War II, Karl Polanyi (1957(1944)) interpreted the history of capitalism as the tension between two movements. The dominant movement, which originated with the capitalist epoch, was the utopian project to create a self-regulating market. Because it was utopian, that project could have devastating consequences. The counter movement consisted of the multitude of survival str…
New Wines, New Bottles: The Regulation of Capital on a World Scale
Present restructuring in Canada, Europe, the Soviet Union, and elsewhere challenges political strategies based on the national state and national economy. Capitalist restructuring is taking two different directions. One is global accumulation centred on transnational financial institutions, and the other is the formation of continental economic spaces in North America, Europe and Asia. At the same time, post-fordist decentralization has created s…
The Capitalist World-Economy
Pandemic reflections from Toronto
Agroecology and Food Sovereignty
We propose that agroecology provides a framework for understanding ‘levels’ for the transition to sustainable food systems. If we agree that agroecology includes social and political dimensions of governing territorial food systems, then it must be linked to movements for food sovereignty. However, the concentration of power in food and farmingsystems locks in industrial logic, posing immense barriers to agroecological and social transition. This…
Towards a Natural History of Foodgetting
Like all species, humans change our environments to get food.Foodgetting is the dimension of human history that links us directly and indirectly with all other beings. Inescapably and at once both historical and natural, human foodgetting can be understood both as natural history and as historical nature. It implicates our species being in the evolving web of life. In its complex embodied, encultured and social relations, human nature evolves. To…
Dependency Theory: A Critique
Although dependency theory represents an advance over evolutionary theories of development and underdevelopment, it has confronted serious difficulties in attempting to analyze social relationships based on geographical observations and in attempting to construct a model of the world capitalist system. It is argued that these difficulties are rooted in four basic aspects of dependency theory: (1) the basic unit of the world system is seen as a dy…
Simple commodity production and wage labour in the American plains∗
Households which exclusively produce a single commodity have a dual character as enterprises and as families. Competition establishes a constant requirement for labour, while demographic variation prevents its continuous supply within the household. Using data from a county in the heart of the American wheat plains to illustrate the analysis, this paper applies a modified version of Marx's theory to the circuits of reproduction of simple commodit…
World Market, State, and Family Farm: Social Bases of Household Production in the Era of Wage Labor
Between 1873 and 1935 dramatic changes took place in the character of production in the industrial nations of the world. Longstanding and newly formed states in Europe and America engaged in vigorous campaigns of territorial expansion, so that virtually all the globe came to be incorporated within the sphere of world markets. During the same period, the expansion in industrial countries of new techniques of mass production coincided with growth a…
Economic Analysis of the Postbellum South: Regional Economies and World Markets. A Review Article
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The Capitalist World-Economy
Household production and the national economy: Concepts for the analysis of Agrarian formations
This essay argues that the central concept for analysis of agrarian social relations is the form of production. This is conceived through a double specification of the unit of production and the social formation. The approach allows for the analytical specification of simple commodity production and capitalist relations of production in a manner consistent with the development of new concepts within political economy for agrarian structures which…
The Political Economy of Food: The Rise and Fall of the Postwar International Food Order
The widespread perception of a "food crisis" since the early 1970s reflects a real turning point in the global structure of production and distribution of food grains. Scarcity is always an aspect of capitalist relations, but its specific form is determined historically through the international food order. The latter is a stable set of complementary state policies whose implicit coordination creates specific prices relative to other prices, a sp…
Practical Populism
Patriarchy and Property: A Reply to Goodman and Redclift
The Food Revolution in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe
Breadlines Knee-Deep in Wheat: Food Assistance in the Great Depression
New Wines, New Bottles: The Regulation of Capital on a World Scale
Present restructuring in Canada, Europe, the Soviet Union, and elsewhere challenges political strategies based on the national state and national economy. Capitalist restructuring is taking two different directions. One is global accumulation centred on transnational financial institutions, and the other is the formation of continental economic spaces in North America, Europe and Asia. At the same time, post-fordist decentralization has created s…
Non‐fiction reviews
Development Theory and the Three Worlds. by Bjorn Hittne, London: Longman. 1990. 296pp. Eurocentrism. by Samir Amin, London: Zed Books. 1989. 157pp. Communist Agriculture: farming in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. edited by Karl‐Eugen Wädekin, London: Routledge. 1990. 131pp. £25.00hb The Informal Economy: studies in advanced and less developed countries. edited by Alejandro Portes, Manual Castells and Lauren A Benton, Baltimore, MD: Johns H…
Distance and durability: Shaky foundations of the world food economy
(1992). Distance and durability: Shaky foundations of the world food economy. Third World Quarterly: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 371-383
Hunger and Public Action
The Regulation of International Markets: The Unresolved Tension Between National States and Transnational Accumulation
Writing near the middle of the twentieth century, and near the end of World War II, Karl Polanyi (1957(1944)) interpreted the history of capitalism as the tension between two movements. The dominant movement, which originated with the capitalist epoch, was the utopian project to create a self-regulating market. Because it was utopian, that project could have devastating consequences. The counter movement consisted of the multitude of survival str…
The Political Economy of Food: A Global Crisis
International conflict over agricultural regulation continues after more than six years to threaten to destroy the whole Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (gatt), and with it an agreement that greatly extends corporate power relative to national (and public) power. Paradoxically, the deadlock
Premature rigour: Or, can Ben Fine have his contingency and eat it, too
(1994). Premature rigour: Or, can Ben Fine have his contingency and eat it, too? Review of International Political Economy: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 553-561
The Politics of Food in Mexico: State Power and Social Mobilization
Free Markets and Food Riots: The Politics of Global Adjustment
Prometheus Rebounds
The Globalisation of Poverty: Impacts of IMF and World Bank Reforms
Forum: Considering the Quebec Summit The World Social Forum at Porto Alegre and the People’s Summit at Quebec City: A View from the Ground
(2001). Forum: Considering the Quebec Summit The World Social Forum at Porto Alegre and the People’s Summit at Quebec City: A View from the Ground. Studies in Political Economy: Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 85-105
From Colonialism to Green Capitalism: Social Movements and Emergence of Food Regimes
This paper suggests that a corporate-environmental food regime is emerging as part of a larger restructuring of capitalism. Like past food regimes, it reflects specific social and political compromises, which I interpret through the social movement concept of interpretive frames. The diasporic-colonial food regime of 1870–1914 grew up in response to working class movements in Europe, and created a historically unprecedent class of commercial fami…
Focusing on Agriculture: A Comment on Henry Bernstein's ‘Is There an Agrarian Question in the 21st Century?’
(2006). Focusing on Agriculture: A Comment on Henry Bernstein's ‘Is There an Agrarian Question in the 21st Century?’. Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'études du développement: Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 461-465
Political science (29 works) · Economics (21 works) · Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development (19 works) · Sociology (18 works) · Law (16 works) · Politics (16 works) · Agriculture (12 works) · History (11 works) · Law (11 works) · Geography (10 works)