Keith C Clarke
Biographic Data
| ID | 1340871 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Keith C Clarke |
| GIVEN NAMES | Keith C |
| FAMILY NAME | Clarke |
| SIGNATURE | CLARKE K C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Santa Barbara |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5805-6056 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 50 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 84 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 50 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
A geographical and content-based approach to prioritize relevant and reliable tweets for emergency management
Evacuation choice before and after major debris flows
Too Fine to be Good? Issues of Granularity, Uniformity and Error in Spatial Crime Analysis
Understanding the drivers of sustainable land expansion using a patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model
Development of SLEUTH-Density for the simulation of built-up land density
Mixed-cell cellular automata
Modeling the dynamics and walking accessibility of urban open spaces under various policy scenarios
An area preserving method for improved categorical raster resampling
The raster data structure stores categorical and continuous field data for spatial analysis, environmental modeling, and resource planning. With rapidly advancing sensor networks, the spatial resolution of data is increasing, sometimes outpacing the optimum resolution for applications. Overcoming granularity differences between raw and “analysis ready” data often requires upscaling source data to a desired target map with the goal of maintaining …
Dynamics of spatial relationships among ecosystem services and their determinants
Indigenous youth reconnect with cultural identity
Reconnecting Indigenous youth with their cultural traditions has been identified as an essential part of healing the intergenerational effects of forced assimilation policies. Past work suggests that learning the music of one's culture can foster cultural identity and community bonding, which may serve as protective factors for well‐being. An 8‐week traditional song and dance program was implemented in a school setting for Indigenous youth. An ev…
Calibrating SLEUTH with big data
Integrating spatial nonstationarity into SLEUTH for urban growth modeling
Introduction to the Special Issue Commemorating Professor Waldo Tobler
Linking the Past and Present of the Ancient Maya
Understanding traditional Maya land use is key to interpreting ancient Maya settlement. The authors link the traditional Maya milpa cycle in use today with a predictive model of ancient settlement patterns through a spatial model for the El Pilar area. The model provides the number of residential units, and therefore population, projected based on the geographic variables of soil fertility, drainage, and slope, while the ethnographic records of m…
Contemporary American cartographic research
We review recent developments in cartographic research in North America, in the context of informing the 29th International Cartographic Conference, and 18th General Assembly in 2019. The titles of papers published since 2015 in four leading cartographic journals yielded a corpus of 245 documents containing 1109 unique terms. These terms were analyzed using Latent Dirichlet Allocation and by visual analytics to produce 14 topic groups that mapped…
Land use change and the carbon debt for sugarcane ethanol production in Brazil
How do modern transportation projects impact on development of impervious surfaces via new urban area and urban intensification? Evidence from Hangzhou Bay Bridge, China
Geodesy
Geodesy is the field of knowledge that studies the size and shape of the Earth and its gravitational field, and their changes over time. Increasingly accurate estimates of Earth's size, shape, and gravity field have followed a varied path during the 2000‐year history of their measurement. The geodetic framework forms the basis for cartography, mapping and charting, but is also essential for numerous scientific, engineering, and navigational appli…
Map Projections and Coordinate Systems
Map projections are the means by which data about the 3‐D surface of the Earth and its features are transformed onto a flat plane for the purpose of mapping. All map projections introduce distortion: of scale, distance, shape, and direction, and it is impossible to simultaneously satisfy the goals of conformality (shape preservation) and equivalence (area preservation), although recent new projections have attempted distortion minimization. Many …
On the topology of topography
In the field of terrain analysis, a primary goal is to effectively identify topographic features for a better understanding of their associated processes. The relationships among features are, therefore, of particular importance. The concept of the surface network, involving and defined by such features as peaks, pits, various saddles, ridge lines, and the opposite course lines, can be a beneficial construct for describing and modeling any mathem…
Fertility and urban context
Sub‐Saharan Africa has the highest levels of fertility in the world, despite rapid urban growth in most nations of the region. While there are many reasons for the fact that fertility decline is slow in Africa, we hypothesize that the relationship between fertility and urbanization is obscured by the fact that urbanization takes place along a gradient. In the most urban places (e.g., neighborhoods of the largest cities), fertility is apt to be ve…
Exploring uncertainties in terrain feature extraction across multi-scale, multi-feature, and multi-method approaches for variable terrain
Terrain analysis uses different workflows to extract features from terrain models for the purpose of understanding topographic patterns and processes. However, the results of different workflows often conflict, leading to uncertainties about feature locations. Instead of relying upon a single workflow, we suggest that a fusion of information from multiple workflows better informs terrain analysis. From terrain data with different degrees of varia…
Bonemapping
For the past decade, archaeologists have been using LiDAR or Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS)-based methods to uncover trace signatures of human civilization in the landscape. A new technique called bonemapping involves processing the ALS data to create a map-like representation of the landscape, which aids in the detection and interpretation of traces of human settlement. The technique is a combination of two methods – the Simple Morphological Filt…
Perceptually Shaded Slope Maps for the Visualization of Digital Surface Models
Although shaded relief, or hillshaded, images are a widely used method to represent high-resolution (~1-m) digital surfaces derived from airborne laser (or LiDAR) scans, such displays may become difficult to interpret when they include surface features like buildings, roadways, and natural vegetation. One possible alternative as a visualization of such surface models is a representation based on slope shading – the steeper, the darker – but atten…
The space oblique conic projection
The problem of determining a suitable map projection for side-looking synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite imagery is examined. Using a foundation in dynamic mathematics, a new Space Oblique Conic (SOC) projection is proposed that is specifically designed for a side-looking radar imagery. The geometric model of SOC is formalized, and the projection of the central line of a side-looking field of view is established based on this model. The for…
The Use of Remote Sensing and Landscape Metrics to Describe Structures and Changes in Urban Land Uses
Remote sensing technology has great potential for acquisition of detailed and accurate land-use information for management and planning of urban regions. However, the determination of land-use data with high geometric and thematic accuracy is generally limited by the availability of adequate remote sensing data, in terms of spatial and temporal resolution, and digital image analysis techniques. This study introduces a methodology using informatio…
Testing Popular Visualization Techniques for Representing Model Uncertainty
Many land allocation issues, such as land-use planning, require input from extensive spatial databases and involve complex decision-making. Spatial decision support systems (SDSS) are designed to make these issues more transparent and to support the design and evaluation of land allocation alternatives. In this paper we analyze techniques for visualizing uncertainty of an urban growth model called SLEUTH, which is designed to aid decision-makers …
Bonemapping
For the past decade, archaeologists have been using LiDAR or Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS)-based methods to uncover trace signatures of human civilization in the landscape. A new technique called bonemapping involves processing the ALS data to create a map-like representation of the landscape, which aids in the detection and interpretation of traces of human settlement. The technique is a combination of two methods – the Simple Morphological Filt…
On the Origins of Analytical Cartography
This paper examines the development of analytical cartography and the contributions Waldo Tobler has made to it, starting well before his definition of the subject in 1976. Analytical cartography's roots in World War II and the Cold War are examined, and the influences and precedents for the academic course that Tobler described are discussed. The systems of knowledge production developed for analytical cartography in its social context are summa…
Dynamics of spatial relationships among ecosystem services and their determinants
Modeling Settlement Patterns of the Late Classic Maya Civilization with Bayesian Methods and Geographic Information Systems
The ancient Maya occupied tropical lowland Mesoamerica and farmed successfully to support an elaborate settlement pattern that developed over many centuries. There has been debate as to the foundation of the settlement patterns. We show that Maya settlement locations were strongly influenced by environmental factors, primarily topographic slope, soil fertility, and soil drainage properties. Maps of these characteristics were created at the local …
Measuring and modeling the speed of human navigation
Navigation, the goal-related movement through space and time to reach a destination, is a fundamental human activity. Geographers, physiologists, anthropologists, and psychologists have long been interested in the spatial and temporal aspects of navigation speed. Hikers, search and rescue teams, firefighters, the military, and others navigate on foot, and their success depends on understanding how the dynamics of foot-based navigation affect indi…
An agent-based procedure with an embedded agent learning model for residential land growth simulation
Please Enter Your Home Location
Location masking, or geomasking, is a practice typically undertaken by data stewards who wish to release a georeferenced data set without infringing on the privacy of those whose data are involved. With numerous opportunities to transmit our personal locations through electronic devices, individuals have the agency through masking to stem the flow of their location data or otherwise engage in obscuring their locations. Relatively little is known …
Flattening the Earth
An Artificial-Neural-Network-based, Constrained CA Model for Simulating Urban Growth
Insufficient research has been done on integrating artificial-neural-network-based cel-lular automata (CA) models and constrained CA models, even though both types have been studied for several years. In this paper, a constrained CA model based on an artificial neural network (ANN) was developed to simulate and forecast urban growth. Neural networks can learn from available urban land-use geospatial data and thus deal with redundancy, inaccuracy,…
How do modern transportation projects impact on development of impervious surfaces via new urban area and urban intensification? Evidence from Hangzhou Bay Bridge, China
Why simulate cities
Geometric Rectification of Satellite Imagery with Minimal Ground Control Using Space Oblique Mercator Projection Theory
Precise geometric rectification of satellite imagery normally requires knowing the geodetic location of features identifiable in the image, called ground control points (GCPs). In many cases, however, it is difficult to compute a precise geometric rectification because too few GCPs are available due to the lack of ground data or the nature of the terrain (lakes or oceans, deserts, continuous forest, etc). When too few GCPs are available, Space Ob…
An area preserving method for improved categorical raster resampling
The raster data structure stores categorical and continuous field data for spatial analysis, environmental modeling, and resource planning. With rapidly advancing sensor networks, the spatial resolution of data is increasing, sometimes outpacing the optimum resolution for applications. Overcoming granularity differences between raw and “analysis ready” data often requires upscaling source data to a desired target map with the goal of maintaining …
Land use change and the carbon debt for sugarcane ethanol production in Brazil
Outdoor Webcams as Geospatial Sensor Networks
Study of the proliferation of spatially referenced webcams and their attendant infrastructure, technology, and societal implications lies at the convergence of numerous geographical sub-disciplines. These now ubiquitous devices, accessible via the Internet, have new geographical and cartographic uses that are only now being discovered. In this paper, we discuss the issues, challenges, and opportunities surrounding monitoring with spatially refere…
Mobile Mapping and Geographic Information Systems
Mobile mapping and geographic information systems may represent a new paradigm for cartography and GIScience. This short foreword to the special issue introduces the three papers that follow, briefly surveys the growing literature of field and mobile GIS, and discusses the emerging literature surrounding wearable GIS and their augmented reality display systems. The UCGIS research agenda for mobile and distributed computing is presented, as are th…
Flattening the Earth
On the Origins of Analytical Cartography
This paper examines the development of analytical cartography and the contributions Waldo Tobler has made to it, starting well before his definition of the subject in 1976. Analytical cartography's roots in World War II and the Cold War are examined, and the influences and precedents for the academic course that Tobler described are discussed. The systems of knowledge production developed for analytical cartography in its social context are summa…
Symbolization of Map Projection Distortion
One of the most fundamental steps in map creation is the transformation of information from the surface of a globe onto a flat map. Mapmakers have developed and used hundreds of different map projections over the past 2,000 years, yet there is no perfect choice because every map projection uniquely alters some aspect of space during the transformation process. Detailed information about the type, amount, and distribution of distortion is essentia…
A New World Geographic Reference System
A new global georeferencing system-the World Geographic Reference System (WGRS)-is proposed. This system has particular advantages for location description and communication with electronic devices, i.e., in digital environments that are shared between humans and machines. The new World Geographic Reference System strikes a compromise between the dominant use of numbers in established scientific coordinate systems, such as latitude/longitude, and…
The Use of Remote Sensing and Landscape Metrics to Describe Structures and Changes in Urban Land Uses
Remote sensing technology has great potential for acquisition of detailed and accurate land-use information for management and planning of urban regions. However, the determination of land-use data with high geometric and thematic accuracy is generally limited by the availability of adequate remote sensing data, in terms of spatial and temporal resolution, and digital image analysis techniques. This study introduces a methodology using informatio…
The spatiotemporal form of urban growth
Testing Popular Visualization Techniques for Representing Model Uncertainty
Many land allocation issues, such as land-use planning, require input from extensive spatial databases and involve complex decision-making. Spatial decision support systems (SDSS) are designed to make these issues more transparent and to support the design and evaluation of land allocation alternatives. In this paper we analyze techniques for visualizing uncertainty of an urban growth model called SLEUTH, which is designed to aid decision-makers …
Mobile Mapping and Geographic Information Systems
Mobile mapping and geographic information systems may represent a new paradigm for cartography and GIScience. This short foreword to the special issue introduces the three papers that follow, briefly surveys the growing literature of field and mobile GIS, and discusses the emerging literature surrounding wearable GIS and their augmented reality display systems. The UCGIS research agenda for mobile and distributed computing is presented, as are th…
The role of spatial metrics in the analysis and modeling of urban land use change
Spatial Resolution and Algorithm Choice as Modifiers of Downslope Flow Computed from Digital Elevation Models
This research investigated the dependence of computing downslope flow from digital elevation models (DEMs) on two basic elements of the flow calculation: the spatial resolution of the DEM and the algorithm used to compute the downslope flow, specifically how it defines topographic slope and aspect. Six algorithms for downslope flow and downslope accumulation were implemented in MATLAB using different assumptions about components of the computatio…
Comparing the input, output, and validation maps for several models of land change
Modeling Settlement Patterns of the Late Classic Maya Civilization with Bayesian Methods and Geographic Information Systems
The ancient Maya occupied tropical lowland Mesoamerica and farmed successfully to support an elaborate settlement pattern that developed over many centuries. There has been debate as to the foundation of the settlement patterns. We show that Maya settlement locations were strongly influenced by environmental factors, primarily topographic slope, soil fertility, and soil drainage properties. Maps of these characteristics were created at the local …
Outdoor Webcams as Geospatial Sensor Networks
Study of the proliferation of spatially referenced webcams and their attendant infrastructure, technology, and societal implications lies at the convergence of numerous geographical sub-disciplines. These now ubiquitous devices, accessible via the Internet, have new geographical and cartographic uses that are only now being discovered. In this paper, we discuss the issues, challenges, and opportunities surrounding monitoring with spatially refere…
Cartograms showing China's population and wealth distribution
Population and wealth distributions are two important indicators of socioeconomic activities in a country. Understanding the spatial nature of population distribution is crucial for effective resource allocation and reasonable economic and social policies, factors that influence every aspect of everyday life. Contemporary China is characterized by very rapid economic development and profound social changes, many of them involving population distr…
Waiting to Know the Future
What is the true value of simulation modelling to urban growth? This article assesses the validity of an integrated approach, based on the SLEUTH Model and land-use planning theory, as used to create an eight-year forecast in 1998. With actual data on the extent of urbanization in 2006 now available, the authors find that the 1998 forecasts were accurate. The case study is located in Macomer, an inland municipality of Sardinia, Italy, an island i…
The space oblique conic projection
The problem of determining a suitable map projection for side-looking synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite imagery is examined. Using a foundation in dynamic mathematics, a new Space Oblique Conic (SOC) projection is proposed that is specifically designed for a side-looking radar imagery. The geometric model of SOC is formalized, and the projection of the central line of a side-looking field of view is established based on this model. The for…
Why simulate cities
Perceptually Shaded Slope Maps for the Visualization of Digital Surface Models
Although shaded relief, or hillshaded, images are a widely used method to represent high-resolution (~1-m) digital surfaces derived from airborne laser (or LiDAR) scans, such displays may become difficult to interpret when they include surface features like buildings, roadways, and natural vegetation. One possible alternative as a visualization of such surface models is a representation based on slope shading – the steeper, the darker – but atten…
Bonemapping
For the past decade, archaeologists have been using LiDAR or Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS)-based methods to uncover trace signatures of human civilization in the landscape. A new technique called bonemapping involves processing the ALS data to create a map-like representation of the landscape, which aids in the detection and interpretation of traces of human settlement. The technique is a combination of two methods – the Simple Morphological Filt…
Geodesy
Geodesy is the field of knowledge that studies the size and shape of the Earth and its gravitational field, and their changes over time. Increasingly accurate estimates of Earth's size, shape, and gravity field have followed a varied path during the 2000‐year history of their measurement. The geodetic framework forms the basis for cartography, mapping and charting, but is also essential for numerous scientific, engineering, and navigational appli…
Map Projections and Coordinate Systems
Map projections are the means by which data about the 3‐D surface of the Earth and its features are transformed onto a flat plane for the purpose of mapping. All map projections introduce distortion: of scale, distance, shape, and direction, and it is impossible to simultaneously satisfy the goals of conformality (shape preservation) and equivalence (area preservation), although recent new projections have attempted distortion minimization. Many …
On the topology of topography
In the field of terrain analysis, a primary goal is to effectively identify topographic features for a better understanding of their associated processes. The relationships among features are, therefore, of particular importance. The concept of the surface network, involving and defined by such features as peaks, pits, various saddles, ridge lines, and the opposite course lines, can be a beneficial construct for describing and modeling any mathem…
Fertility and urban context
Sub‐Saharan Africa has the highest levels of fertility in the world, despite rapid urban growth in most nations of the region. While there are many reasons for the fact that fertility decline is slow in Africa, we hypothesize that the relationship between fertility and urbanization is obscured by the fact that urbanization takes place along a gradient. In the most urban places (e.g., neighborhoods of the largest cities), fertility is apt to be ve…
Exploring uncertainties in terrain feature extraction across multi-scale, multi-feature, and multi-method approaches for variable terrain
Terrain analysis uses different workflows to extract features from terrain models for the purpose of understanding topographic patterns and processes. However, the results of different workflows often conflict, leading to uncertainties about feature locations. Instead of relying upon a single workflow, we suggest that a fusion of information from multiple workflows better informs terrain analysis. From terrain data with different degrees of varia…
Land use change and the carbon debt for sugarcane ethanol production in Brazil
Geography (39 works) · Computer Science (38 works) · Land Use and Ecosystem Services (24 works) · Cartography (21 works) · Mathematics (17 works) · Artificial Intelligence (15 works) · Engineering (14 works) · Environmental Science (12 works) · Land use (12 works) · Civil engineering (11 works)