Ronald C Johnson
Biographic Data
| ID | 139238 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ronald C Johnson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ronald C |
| FAMILY NAME | Johnson |
| SIGNATURE | JOHNSON R C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Hawaii System |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3221-034X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 71 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 152 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 71 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1960 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Development of a landscape in NE Minnesota, from the Early Holocene to Forest-harvesting, Agriculture and Industry
An array of lake sediment proxies including paleobotanic, geochemical, and historical records has been used to determine former environments of Bugbee Pond, a small, mesotrophic pond in northeastern Minnesota. Much research has been produced on the history of climate and vegetation change of the region, yet we have little information on the impact of human settlement. This well-dated, high resolution, multi-proxy record is important for its lengt…
After “The China Virus” Went Viral: Racially Charged Coronavirus Coverage and Trends in Bias Against Asian Americans
On March 8, 2020, there was a 650% increase in Twitter retweets using the term “Chinese virus” and related terms. On March 9, there was an 800% increase in the use of these terms in conservative news media articles. Using data from non-Asian respondents of the Project Implicit “Asian Implicit Association Test” from 2007–2020 ( n = 339,063), we sought to ascertain if this change in media tone increased bias against Asian Americans. Local polynomia…
Community Eligibility Provision and School Meal Participation among Student Subgroups
BACKGROUND: The National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs help to reduce food insecurity and improve nutrition. The Community Eligibility Provision (CEP) enables high-poverty schools to offer breakfast and lunch at no cost to all students. This study examines associations between CEP and participation among students eligible for free or reduced-price meals ("FRPM"), possibly eligible ("near-cutoff"), or ineligible ("full-price"). METHODS: Usin…
Impact of Physical Education Litigation on Fifth Graders’ Cardio–Respiratory Fitness, California, 2007–2018
Objectives. To examine the impact of physical education (PE) litigation on changes in cardio–respiratory fitness among racially/ethnically and socioeconomically diverse students. Methods. We used annual school-level data for all California schools with measures of fifth graders’ cardio–respiratory fitness spanning 2007–2008 through 2017–2018. A difference-in-difference design assessed changes before and after lawsuits in the proportion of student…
Addressing Racial Health Disparities: Looking Back to Point the Way Forward
This article investigates the influence of family background and neighborhood conditions during childhood on health later in life, with a focus on hypertension. To document the proportion of current adult racial health disparities rooted in early-life factors, I use nationally representative longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) spanning four decades. The results indicate that racial differences in early life neighborho…
The Effects of School Spending on Educational and Economic Outcomes: Evidence from School Finance Reforms
Since the Coleman Report, many have questioned whether public school spending affects student outcomes. The school finance reforms that began in the early 1970s and accelerated in the 1980s caused dramatic changes to the structure of K–12 education spending in the United States. To study the effect of these school finance reform–induced changes in public school spending on long-run adult outcomes, we link school spending and school finance reform…
Appropriately Targeting Group Interventions for Academic Success Adopting the Clinical Model and PAR Profiles
Prevalence of academic risk (PAR) group profiles provide data enabling empirically based group-specialized prescriptions for targeted academic success interventions to increase student retention, completion, and graduation rates, while improving allocation of institutional resources. Postsecondary student attrition engenders student debt, shortages of highly trained professionals, and inadequate workforce diversity. Diagnostic PAR profiles, emplo…
Follow the Money: School Spending from Title I to Adult Earnings
Rucker C. Johnson, Follow the Money: School Spending from Title I to Adult Earnings, RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 3, The Elementary and Secondary Education Act at Fifty and Beyond (December 2015), pp. 50-76
Multilevel Factor Analyses of Family Data From the Hawai’i Family Study of Cognition
In this study, we reanalyzed the classic Hawai’i Family Study of Cognition (HFSC) data using contemporary multilevel modeling techniques. We used the HFSC baseline data ( N = 6,579) and reexamined the factorial structure of 16 cognitive variables using confirmatory (restricted) measurement models in an explicit sequence. These models were initially fitted using multilevel confirmatory factor analysis techniques and the invariant six-factor models…
Employment Patterns of Less-Skilled Workers: Links to Children’s Behavior and Academic Progress
Using data from five waves of the Women’s Employment Survey (WES; 1997–2003), we examine the links between low-income mothers’ employment patterns and the emotional behavior and academic progress of their children. We find robust and substantively important linkages between several different dimensions of mothers’ employment experiences and child outcomes. The pattern of results is similar across empirical approaches—including ordinary least squa…
Health disparities in mid-to-late life: The role of earlier life family and neighborhood socioeconomic conditions
Long-run Impacts of School Desegregation & School Quality on Adult Attainments
This paper investigates the long-run impacts of court-ordered school desegregation on an array of adult socioeconomic and health outcomes. The study analyzes the life trajectories of children born between 1945 and 1968, and followed through 2013, using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). The PSID data are linked with multiple data sources that describe the neighborhood attributes, school quality resources, and coincident policies that prev…
Early-Life Origins of Adult Disease: National Longitudinal Population-Based Study of the United States
Objectives. We examined the relation between low birth weight and childhood family and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and disease onset in adulthood. Methods. Using US nationally representative longitudinal data, we estimated hazard models of the onset of asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and stroke, heart attack, or heart disease. The sample contained 4387 children who were members of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics in 1968; they were …
The Effects of Male Incarceration Dynamics on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Infection Rates among African American Women and Men
This paper investigates the connection between incarceration dynamics and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection rates, with particular emphasis on the black‐white AIDS rate disparity. Using case‐level U.S. data spanning 1982–96, we model the dynamic relationship between AIDS infection rates and the proportion of men in the age‐, state‐, and race‐matched cohort that are incarcerated. We find strong effects of male incarceration rate…
Socioeconomic Status Does Not Moderate the Familiality of Cognitive Abilities in the Hawaii Family Study of Cognition
Data from 949 families of Caucasian and 400 families of Japanese ancestry who took part in the Hawaii Family Study of Cognition were used to ascertain the associations of parental cognitive ability, parental education and paternal occupation with offspring cognitive ability. In particular, analyses were focused on testing the possible moderating effects of parental socioeconomic status on the familial transmission of cognitive abilities. Parental…
Prevalence and Correlates of Misconduct Among Ethnically Diverse Adolescents of Native Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian and Non-Hawaiian Ancestry
Background: Research on the prevalence and correlates of adolescent misconduct, arrests, and juvenile delinquency has been greatly neglected for the ethnically diverse adolescent groups in Hawai‘i (i.e. Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders). Aims: The aims of the present study are three-fold: (1) to determine whether there are differential rates of adolescent misconduct based on ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic (SES) factors; (2) on an explorat…
Demographic and Social Variables Associated with Psychiatric and School-Related Indicators for Asian/Pacific-Islander Adolescents
Background: Factors associated with Asian/Pacific-Islander adolescent adjustment is a greatly neglected research area. Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relation between demographic, social and adjustment measures based on a large-scale investigation of Asian/Pacific-Islander youths. Method: A total of 2577 adolescents were surveyed across 4 public schools in Hawai‘i during the 1992-1993 school year. Results: Three soc…
The road to economic self‐sufficiency: Job quality and job transition patterns after welfare reform
This paper analyzes the relationships of schooling, the skill content of work experience, and different types of employment patterns with less‐skilled women's job quality outcomes. Survey data from employers and longitudinal data from former and current welfare recipients are used for the period 1997 to early 2002. The analysis of job quality is broadened beyond employment rates and wages measured at a point in time by including non‐wage attribut…
Equivalencies regarding the measurement and constructs of self-esteem and major life events in Asian/Pacific Islander sample
Structural Equation Modeling of Group Differences in CES-D Ratings of Native Hawaiian and Non-Hawaiian High School Students
This report uses different forms of latent variable structural equation models (SEMs) of group differences in self-reported Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) inventory results among a sample of Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian high school students.The models examined are organized progressively by increasing complexity, including mean differences models in the ANOVA tradition, mean differences combined with path analysis models, extens…
Equivalencies regarding the measurement and constructs of self-esteem and major life events in Asian/Pacific Islander sample
Construct, scalar, and functional measurement equivalencies of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Major Life Events checklist (MLE) and the constructs assessed were investigated across groups differentiated on Hawaiian/part-Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian (e.g., Caucasian, Filipino, Hispanic, Japanese, and mixed/2 or more) ethnicity and gender. Initial results from maximum likelihood factoring with promax rotation showed that RSES negatively wo…
Holy leisure: Recreation and religion in God’s square mile
Filipino American and Caucasian American beliefs about the causes and treatment of mental problems
Filipino American and Caucasian American beliefs about the causes and treatment of mental problems
Depressive symptoms among Filipino American adolescents
Minority ethnic status has been found to be related to higher levels of depressive symptoms among adolescents and adults. The present study examined the rates of depressive symptoms (as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: CES-D Scale) of 270 Filipino American adolescents residing in rural and small-town areas of Hawaii. CES-D scores were compared with scores of a White group, and no ethnic differences were found. Co…
The road to economic self‐sufficiency: Job quality and job transition patterns after welfare reform
This paper analyzes the relationships of schooling, the skill content of work experience, and different types of employment patterns with less‐skilled women's job quality outcomes. Survey data from employers and longitudinal data from former and current welfare recipients are used for the period 1997 to early 2002. The analysis of job quality is broadened beyond employment rates and wages measured at a point in time by including non‐wage attribut…
Employment Patterns of Less-Skilled Workers: Links to Children’s Behavior and Academic Progress
Using data from five waves of the Women’s Employment Survey (WES; 1997–2003), we examine the links between low-income mothers’ employment patterns and the emotional behavior and academic progress of their children. We find robust and substantively important linkages between several different dimensions of mothers’ employment experiences and child outcomes. The pattern of results is similar across empirical approaches—including ordinary least squa…
Early-Life Origins of Adult Disease: National Longitudinal Population-Based Study of the United States
Objectives. We examined the relation between low birth weight and childhood family and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and disease onset in adulthood. Methods. Using US nationally representative longitudinal data, we estimated hazard models of the onset of asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and stroke, heart attack, or heart disease. The sample contained 4387 children who were members of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics in 1968; they were …
Health disparities in mid-to-late life: The role of earlier life family and neighborhood socioeconomic conditions
The Adjustment of Offspring of Within-Group and Interracial/Intercultural Marriages: A Comparison of Personality Factor Scores
Ronald C. Johnson, Craig T. Nagoshi, The Adjustment of Offspring of Within-Group and Interracial/Intercultural Marriages: A Comparison of Personality Factor Scores, Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 48, No. 2 (May, 1986), pp. 279-284
Equivalencies regarding the measurement and constructs of self-esteem and major life events in Asian/Pacific Islander sample
Construct, scalar, and functional measurement equivalencies of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Major Life Events checklist (MLE) and the constructs assessed were investigated across groups differentiated on Hawaiian/part-Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian (e.g., Caucasian, Filipino, Hispanic, Japanese, and mixed/2 or more) ethnicity and gender. Initial results from maximum likelihood factoring with promax rotation showed that RSES negatively wo…
Structural Equation Modeling of Group Differences in CES-D Ratings of Native Hawaiian and Non-Hawaiian High School Students
This report uses different forms of latent variable structural equation models (SEMs) of group differences in self-reported Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) inventory results among a sample of Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian high school students.The models examined are organized progressively by increasing complexity, including mean differences models in the ANOVA tradition, mean differences combined with path analysis models, extens…
Addressing Racial Health Disparities: Looking Back to Point the Way Forward
This article investigates the influence of family background and neighborhood conditions during childhood on health later in life, with a focus on hypertension. To document the proportion of current adult racial health disparities rooted in early-life factors, I use nationally representative longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) spanning four decades. The results indicate that racial differences in early life neighborho…
Kinship and the quest for wealth and power as influences on conflict in the Punjab, 1839–1845
Phonetic symbolism in an artificial language
Follow the Money: School Spending from Title I to Adult Earnings
Rucker C. Johnson, Follow the Money: School Spending from Title I to Adult Earnings, RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 3, The Elementary and Secondary Education Act at Fifty and Beyond (December 2015), pp. 50-76
Filipino American and Caucasian American beliefs about the causes and treatment of mental problems
Intra-ethnic and inter-ethnic marriage and divorce in Hawaii
A comparison of intra- and inter-ethnic divorce rates in Hawaii showed that inter-ethnic marriages resulted in a higher proportion of divorces than did intra-ethnic marriages when the marriage data used had to do with all marriages occurring in Hawaii. However, a sizeable portion of marriages in Hawaii are of nonresidents who, if they divorce, probably divorce elsewhere. Nonresident marriages are chiefly intra-ethnic marriages of Caucasians. When…
Mixed Blood: Intermarriage and Ethnic Identity in Twentieth Century America
Moral Development in Rural and Urban Korea
Rest's Defining Issues Test (DIT) was administered to Korean male and female sixth-, eighth-, and eleventh-grade students, as well as college undergraduate students. Half of the subjects came from rural and the other half from urban backgrounds. These Korean subjects showed the same general develop-mental trends as did American subjects reported on by Rest in 1976. Age differences in stages of moral development appeared to be greater in the Ameri…
Active phenotypic assortment in mate selection: Self-descriptions and sought-for attributes of mates in dating advertisements
Assortative mating results both from social homogamy (coming for similar environments) and active phenotypic assortment (seeking a mate with desired attributes). Dating advertisements provide a means of assessing the role of active phenotypic assortment in the absence of social homogamy. The relative frequency of mention of different attributes (given limited advertising space) is informative regarding the salience of these attributes in active p…
Within- and across-group dating in Hawaii
224 subjects from 5 different racial/ethnic groups responded to a dating questionnaire. There are both sex and racial/ethnic differences in frequency of cross‐ethnic dating in Hawaii and in attitudes (as reported by Ss) of parents and close friends toward within‐and across‐ethnic dating. Females date within their own groups more frequently than males and also report stronger support of within‐ and lesser support of across‐group dating by signific…
Between- vs. within-family analyses of the correlation of height and intelligence
Small but consistently positive correlations between standing height and general intelligence (the unrotated first principal component across the battery of cognitive tests) were found across sexes, racial/ethnic groups (Americans of European vs. Americans of Japanese ancestry), and generations in data from the Hawaii Family Study of Cognition. Sibling data produced significant height‐intelligence correlations for sibling pair means (i.e., betwee…
Age and Group-Specific Cohort Effects on Personality Test Scores: A Study of Three Hawaiian Populations
There has been substantial social change in Hawaii in recent decades, with amount of change varying across ethnic groups and probably across sexes as well. If cohort effects have substantial influences on differences in personality test scores across age groups, then group-specific cohort effects should influence the magnitude of age correlations. We report correlations of personality test scores with age separately for members of three ethnic gr…
Attitudes toward the use of designated versus non‐designated urban recreation space
Interviews were conducted in Kitchener‐Waterloo, Ontario, at eight different recreation areas. These were classified as either designated or nondesignated recreation areas. The interview was designed to obtain information regarding demographic characteristics of the user, attitudes toward the use of urban recreation areas (both playgrounds and areas that are not designated as recreational in character), reasons for choosing a particular recreatio…
Assortative marriage for specific cognitive abilities in Korea
Age‐adjusted spouse correlations for performance on tests of specific cognitive abilities were substantially higher for couples tested in Korea than for Americans of European or Japanese ancestry tested in Hawaii. It was hypothesized that this greater spouse resemblance in Korea may be due to cultural factors such as the Korean practice of arranged marriages
Word Affect and Word Frequency in Written English
The Influence of Word Meaningfulness on Visual Duration Threshold at Various Frequency Levels
Linguistic structure as related to concept formation and to concept content
Word Goodness and Word Frequency in Homophone Pairs
Recent research (1) has shown that words which appear frequently in written English, as measured by Thorndike-Lorge ( 4 ) word counts, are more likely to be rated as good by Ss than are infrequent words. This finding raises a question as to why this goodness-frequency relation exists. A simple explanation might involve ease of emission of frequenr as opposed to infrequent words. Frequent words are also generally short words ( 5 ) , with relativel…
Meaningfulness of Eighty English Words
of associations (excluding daog and certain other categories of association) a verbal stimulus can evoke from Ss in a fixed time interval. The m of a word is known to be related to rate of learning (e.g., Noble, 1952b) and to visual duration threshold (KristofEerson, 1957). Since m is a variable of current concern in verbal learning, it seems of some worth to present a number of words for which m values have been obtained; 80 words of a Thorndike…
Meaningfulness of Eighty English Words
Interpretation of the “City Hall Riots” as a Function of General Dogmatism
On May 13, 1960, rhe House Committee on Un-American Activities (HCUA) continued its hearings (begun several days earlier) on the wing activities in the San Francisco Bay area. A disturbance took place outside of the chambers of the San Francisco City Hall, in which the hearings were being held. Students and other individuals picketing the hearings inside of the ciry hall clashed with police. This disturbance had nation-wide publicity at the time …
Individual Meaning Production as Related to Amount of Verbal Learning
On Cross-Cultural Similarity of Judged Word Positions in Semantic Space
Linguistic structure as related to concept formation and to concept content
Aural-Oral and Written Word Frequency as Related to Rate of Learning Stimulus Material
The Influence of Word Meaningfulness on Visual Duration Threshold at Various Frequency Levels
Similarities and differences between normal and psychotic subjects in responses to verbal stimuli
(Eds.), Personality and persuasibility. New Haven: Yale Univer. Press, 1959, Pp. 102-120. COOPERSMITH, S. A method of determining types of self esteem. /. abnorm. soc. Psychol., 1959, 59, 87-94. COOPERSMITH, S. Self-esteem and need achievement as determinants of selective recall and repetition. J. abnorm. soc. Psychol., 1960, 60, 310-317. ERIKSEN, C. W., & BROWNE, C. T. An experimental and theoretical analysis of perceptual defense. /. abnorm. so…
Child Psychology Behavior and Development
Phonetic symbolism in an artificial language
Word Affect and Word Frequency in Written English
The Fate of John Condry
McClelland on the Terman data
Preliminary geologic map of the Buckskin Point Quadrangle, Rio Blanco County, Colorado
Preliminary geologic map and correlation diagram of the White River City Quadrangle, Rio Blanco County, Colorado
Assortative marriage for specific cognitive abilities in Korea
Age‐adjusted spouse correlations for performance on tests of specific cognitive abilities were substantially higher for couples tested in Korea than for Americans of European or Japanese ancestry tested in Hawaii. It was hypothesized that this greater spouse resemblance in Korea may be due to cultural factors such as the Korean practice of arranged marriages
Preliminary geologic map and cross section of the Saddle Quadrangle, Garfield County, Colorado
Attitudes toward the use of designated versus non‐designated urban recreation space
Interviews were conducted in Kitchener‐Waterloo, Ontario, at eight different recreation areas. These were classified as either designated or nondesignated recreation areas. The interview was designed to obtain information regarding demographic characteristics of the user, attitudes toward the use of urban recreation areas (both playgrounds and areas that are not designated as recreational in character), reasons for choosing a particular recreatio…
Preliminary geologic map of the Middle Dry Fork Quadrangle, Garfield County, Colorado
Preliminary geologic map of the Desert Gulch Quadrangle, Garfield County, Colorado
Family background, cognitive ability, and personality as predictors of educational and occupational attainment
The addition of personality measures to measures of family background and of cognitive ability substantially increased prediction of the educational attainment of middle‐aged males and females. The addition of personality measures to measures of family background, cognitive ability, and own educational attainment substantially increased the prediction of the occupational attainment of middle‐aged males. Despite some differences, results generally…
Group size and group income as influences on marriage patterns in Hawaii
The proportion of persons of a given racial/ethnic group in the population seems likely to influence the probability that members of that group marry persons of other racial/ ethnic groups, while median income does not. However, among individuals who do marry cross‐ethnically, the median income levels of other groups has a substantial association with the probability of occurrence of difference possible combinations of cross‐ethnic matings
Moral Development in Rural and Urban Korea
Rest's Defining Issues Test (DIT) was administered to Korean male and female sixth-, eighth-, and eleventh-grade students, as well as college undergraduate students. Half of the subjects came from rural and the other half from urban backgrounds. These Korean subjects showed the same general develop-mental trends as did American subjects reported on by Rest in 1976. Age differences in stages of moral development appeared to be greater in the Ameri…
Psychology (56 works) · Sociology (30 works) · Demography (25 works) · Ethnic group (20 works) · Medicine (20 works) · Social Psychology (18 works) · Developmental psychology (16 works) · Psychiatry (15 works) · Population (13 works) · Geography (12 works)