Flemming Højlund
Biographic Data
| ID | 1418962 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Flemming Højlund |
| GIVEN NAMES | Flemming |
| FAMILY NAME | Højlund |
| SIGNATURE | HØJLUND F |
| AFFILIATIONS | Moesgaard Museum |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0581-3604 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 16 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 31 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 16 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1983 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Bond of allegiance? The three lines on Dilmun seals
Stamp seals of the Dilmun type have kept their characteristic shape and boss decoration of three lines and four dotted circles for several 100 years. Although the carving of the shape of the seal and the design on the obverse normally reveal a confident experience, the cutting of the three lines on the reverse is generally irregular and clumsy. It is suggested that the former was in the hands of a professional seal carver, whereas the latter was …
Two inscribed wine amphoras from Thāj, Saudi Arabia
Two amphoras found at burials outside the ancient city of Thāj, Saudi Arabia, bear inscriptions mentioning wine . The chemical analysis of the content of one of them confirms the presence of wine and more precisely as red wine. Contextual information from one of the graves suggests that wine was consumed as part of burial rituals. One inscription is in Aramaic and the other is in South Arabian cursive or zabūr —in fact the first attestation for t…
A new temple platform at Tell F6 on Failaka Island, Kuwait
In the first half of the second millennium, Tell F6 on Failaka Island was the location of two large public buildings (a temple and a production/storage facility) belonging to the Early Dilmun Culture. During excavation in 2018, an elevation in the north‐eastern margin of the tell proved to contain the remains of a 11.5 × 11.5 m platform. The nature of the building and its position in relation to the main temple indicate that it served as the plat…
The stone quarry on Jiddah Island, Bahrain
The surface of the small island of Jiddah lying north-west of Bahrain is covered in traces of stone quarrying, but although the island probably supplied the limestone ashlars for the second-millennium BC Dilmun temples at Barbar, the sixteenth-century AD Bahrain Fort and other eminent buildings, no study has ever been made of the ancient quarry. Information from a geological report and a few photographs may, it is hoped, inspire new research
The Dilmun temple on Failaka, Kuwait
The Kuwaiti‐Danish 2009 excavations on Failaka produced new evidence for the dating of the Dilmun temple in Tell F6. The affinities of this temple to the Barbar temples in Bahrain are emphasised, whereas the hypothesis of a Syrian‐inspired temple tower is questioned
Late third‐millennium elite burials in Bahrain
Studies of old aerial photographs of the Bahrain burial mound fields have revealed that a small number of both Early Type ( c. 2200–2050 BC) and Late Type ( c. 2050–1750 BC) mounds are encircled by an outer ring wall, apparently marking out the mound as belonging to an elite. Four of these mounds have been excavated, and the results are presented. The geological differences between the Early Type and the Late Type mound landscapes are discussed
The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al‐Bahrain
The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al‐Bahrain to the Islamic period has been maintained by the Danish excavators since the building was uncovered in 1955–57. The French excavators have argued for a considerably earlier date, in the Sasanian period. The problem with this dating is firstly, the lack of Sasanian finds on the alleged early floor of the fortress and secondly, the status of this floor which is known only from very small tren…
New excavations at the Barbar Temple, Bahrain
In 2004 excavations at the Barbar Temple dating to c. 2000 BC established that the function of the southeastern subterranean channel connected to the temple pool was to supply the pool with water and not to divert water away from the pool. North and west of the temple the oval terrace wall of its third phase was located. In the centre of the Northeast Temple the remains of a shaft‐stairway leading down to a well‐chamber was uncovered and shown to…
Dilmun stamp seals and the royal cap
It will be argued in this article that the specific shape of the stamp seals used around 2000 BC in eastern Arabia (ancient Dilmun) was charged with a meaning that can be retrieved when viewed within a culturally and historically specific situation (1)
The archaeological bitumens of Bahrain from the Early Dilmun period (c.2200 BC) to the sixteenth century AD
International audience
Evidence for a Kassite temple at Qala'at al‐Bahrain
Four stone blocks decorated with T‐shaped grooves indicate the presence of a Mesopotamian‐style temple in the tell of Qala'at al‐Bahrain on the north coast of the island of Bahrain
Bitumen‐coated basketry in Bahraini burials
Two types of bitumen‐coated baskets often found in burials in Bahrain are described and their weaving technique is discussed
Trade or diplomacy? Assyria and Dilmun in the eighteenth century BC
Dilmun, the ancient name for areas in eastern Arabia, is primarily known from cuneiform sources found in Mesopotamia which document Dilmun's pre‐eminent role as trading and transit centre. Given the paucity of written evidence from Dilmun itself scholars have tended to view its history exclusively in terms of the Mesopotamian sources. This paper examines briefly one example where such sources may have been misinterpreted and suggests an alternati…
Date Honey Production in Dilmun in the mid 2nd millennium B.C
Evidence from Ras al Qala'a, Bahrain, is presented, that takes back the madbasa, i.e. a room equipped for producing date honey, from the Islamic period to the mid 2nd millennium B.C. A possible madbasa from the latter period from Failaka, Kuwait, is described, and the social context of date honey production in Bronze Age Arabia is discussed. The outline of a technological evolution of the madbasa is suggested
High‐magnesium Glazed Sherds From Bronze Age Tells on Failaka, Kuwait
The Maussolleion Sacrifice
Sacrifices of animals played an important role in Greek politics and religion, and ancient written sources mention a wide variety of sacrifices, each appropriate to specific situations. There has, however, been little investigation of the extent to which different sacrificial procedures are reflected in the physical remains of sacrifices—the bones of the animals and their contexts—and the extent to which this information may be interpreted. Durin…
The archaeological bitumens of Bahrain from the Early Dilmun period (c.2200 BC) to the sixteenth century AD
International audience
Trade or diplomacy? Assyria and Dilmun in the eighteenth century BC
Dilmun, the ancient name for areas in eastern Arabia, is primarily known from cuneiform sources found in Mesopotamia which document Dilmun's pre‐eminent role as trading and transit centre. Given the paucity of written evidence from Dilmun itself scholars have tended to view its history exclusively in terms of the Mesopotamian sources. This paper examines briefly one example where such sources may have been misinterpreted and suggests an alternati…
Late third‐millennium elite burials in Bahrain
Studies of old aerial photographs of the Bahrain burial mound fields have revealed that a small number of both Early Type ( c. 2200–2050 BC) and Late Type ( c. 2050–1750 BC) mounds are encircled by an outer ring wall, apparently marking out the mound as belonging to an elite. Four of these mounds have been excavated, and the results are presented. The geological differences between the Early Type and the Late Type mound landscapes are discussed
A new temple platform at Tell F6 on Failaka Island, Kuwait
In the first half of the second millennium, Tell F6 on Failaka Island was the location of two large public buildings (a temple and a production/storage facility) belonging to the Early Dilmun Culture. During excavation in 2018, an elevation in the north‐eastern margin of the tell proved to contain the remains of a 11.5 × 11.5 m platform. The nature of the building and its position in relation to the main temple indicate that it served as the plat…
The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al‐Bahrain
The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al‐Bahrain to the Islamic period has been maintained by the Danish excavators since the building was uncovered in 1955–57. The French excavators have argued for a considerably earlier date, in the Sasanian period. The problem with this dating is firstly, the lack of Sasanian finds on the alleged early floor of the fortress and secondly, the status of this floor which is known only from very small tren…
New excavations at the Barbar Temple, Bahrain
In 2004 excavations at the Barbar Temple dating to c. 2000 BC established that the function of the southeastern subterranean channel connected to the temple pool was to supply the pool with water and not to divert water away from the pool. North and west of the temple the oval terrace wall of its third phase was located. In the centre of the Northeast Temple the remains of a shaft‐stairway leading down to a well‐chamber was uncovered and shown to…
Bitumen‐coated basketry in Bahraini burials
Two types of bitumen‐coated baskets often found in burials in Bahrain are described and their weaving technique is discussed
High‐magnesium Glazed Sherds From Bronze Age Tells on Failaka, Kuwait
The Dilmun temple on Failaka, Kuwait
The Kuwaiti‐Danish 2009 excavations on Failaka produced new evidence for the dating of the Dilmun temple in Tell F6. The affinities of this temple to the Barbar temples in Bahrain are emphasised, whereas the hypothesis of a Syrian‐inspired temple tower is questioned
High‐magnesium Glazed Sherds From Bronze Age Tells on Failaka, Kuwait
The Maussolleion Sacrifice
Sacrifices of animals played an important role in Greek politics and religion, and ancient written sources mention a wide variety of sacrifices, each appropriate to specific situations. There has, however, been little investigation of the extent to which different sacrificial procedures are reflected in the physical remains of sacrifices—the bones of the animals and their contexts—and the extent to which this information may be interpreted. Durin…
Date Honey Production in Dilmun in the mid 2nd millennium B.C
Evidence from Ras al Qala'a, Bahrain, is presented, that takes back the madbasa, i.e. a room equipped for producing date honey, from the Islamic period to the mid 2nd millennium B.C. A possible madbasa from the latter period from Failaka, Kuwait, is described, and the social context of date honey production in Bronze Age Arabia is discussed. The outline of a technological evolution of the madbasa is suggested
Trade or diplomacy? Assyria and Dilmun in the eighteenth century BC
Dilmun, the ancient name for areas in eastern Arabia, is primarily known from cuneiform sources found in Mesopotamia which document Dilmun's pre‐eminent role as trading and transit centre. Given the paucity of written evidence from Dilmun itself scholars have tended to view its history exclusively in terms of the Mesopotamian sources. This paper examines briefly one example where such sources may have been misinterpreted and suggests an alternati…
Evidence for a Kassite temple at Qala'at al‐Bahrain
Four stone blocks decorated with T‐shaped grooves indicate the presence of a Mesopotamian‐style temple in the tell of Qala'at al‐Bahrain on the north coast of the island of Bahrain
Bitumen‐coated basketry in Bahraini burials
Two types of bitumen‐coated baskets often found in burials in Bahrain are described and their weaving technique is discussed
The archaeological bitumens of Bahrain from the Early Dilmun period (c.2200 BC) to the sixteenth century AD
International audience
Dilmun stamp seals and the royal cap
It will be argued in this article that the specific shape of the stamp seals used around 2000 BC in eastern Arabia (ancient Dilmun) was charged with a meaning that can be retrieved when viewed within a culturally and historically specific situation (1)
New excavations at the Barbar Temple, Bahrain
In 2004 excavations at the Barbar Temple dating to c. 2000 BC established that the function of the southeastern subterranean channel connected to the temple pool was to supply the pool with water and not to divert water away from the pool. North and west of the temple the oval terrace wall of its third phase was located. In the centre of the Northeast Temple the remains of a shaft‐stairway leading down to a well‐chamber was uncovered and shown to…
The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al‐Bahrain
The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al‐Bahrain to the Islamic period has been maintained by the Danish excavators since the building was uncovered in 1955–57. The French excavators have argued for a considerably earlier date, in the Sasanian period. The problem with this dating is firstly, the lack of Sasanian finds on the alleged early floor of the fortress and secondly, the status of this floor which is known only from very small tren…
Late third‐millennium elite burials in Bahrain
Studies of old aerial photographs of the Bahrain burial mound fields have revealed that a small number of both Early Type ( c. 2200–2050 BC) and Late Type ( c. 2050–1750 BC) mounds are encircled by an outer ring wall, apparently marking out the mound as belonging to an elite. Four of these mounds have been excavated, and the results are presented. The geological differences between the Early Type and the Late Type mound landscapes are discussed
The Dilmun temple on Failaka, Kuwait
The Kuwaiti‐Danish 2009 excavations on Failaka produced new evidence for the dating of the Dilmun temple in Tell F6. The affinities of this temple to the Barbar temples in Bahrain are emphasised, whereas the hypothesis of a Syrian‐inspired temple tower is questioned
The stone quarry on Jiddah Island, Bahrain
The surface of the small island of Jiddah lying north-west of Bahrain is covered in traces of stone quarrying, but although the island probably supplied the limestone ashlars for the second-millennium BC Dilmun temples at Barbar, the sixteenth-century AD Bahrain Fort and other eminent buildings, no study has ever been made of the ancient quarry. Information from a geological report and a few photographs may, it is hoped, inspire new research
A new temple platform at Tell F6 on Failaka Island, Kuwait
In the first half of the second millennium, Tell F6 on Failaka Island was the location of two large public buildings (a temple and a production/storage facility) belonging to the Early Dilmun Culture. During excavation in 2018, an elevation in the north‐eastern margin of the tell proved to contain the remains of a 11.5 × 11.5 m platform. The nature of the building and its position in relation to the main temple indicate that it served as the plat…
Two inscribed wine amphoras from Thāj, Saudi Arabia
Two amphoras found at burials outside the ancient city of Thāj, Saudi Arabia, bear inscriptions mentioning wine . The chemical analysis of the content of one of them confirms the presence of wine and more precisely as red wine. Contextual information from one of the graves suggests that wine was consumed as part of burial rituals. One inscription is in Aramaic and the other is in South Arabian cursive or zabūr —in fact the first attestation for t…
Bond of allegiance? The three lines on Dilmun seals
Stamp seals of the Dilmun type have kept their characteristic shape and boss decoration of three lines and four dotted circles for several 100 years. Although the carving of the shape of the seal and the design on the obverse normally reveal a confident experience, the cutting of the three lines on the reverse is generally irregular and clumsy. It is suggested that the former was in the hands of a professional seal carver, whereas the latter was …
Archaeology (16 works) · History (14 works) · Ancient history (13 works) · Geography (13 works) · Archaeology and Historical Studies (12 works) · History (12 works) · Art (10 works) · Ancient Near East History (7 works) · Ancient Egypt and Archaeology (5 works) · Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History (5 works)