Rip Bulkeley
Biographic Data
| ID | 1467286 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Rip Bulkeley |
| GIVEN NAMES | Rip |
| FAMILY NAME | Bulkeley |
| SIGNATURE | BULKELEY R |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Oxford |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1765-0785 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 10 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
More than a Dictionary: Nikolaos Kourbellis’s English–Greek Maritime Dictionary
Some years ago I was browsing in the foreign languages section of an Oxfam Bookshop when, despite the fact that my knowledge of Greek stops short at the time of Pericles rather than that of Cavafy
Bellingshausen in Britain: Supplying the Russian Antarctic expedition, 1819
In August and September 1819 the first Russian Antarctic expedition, commanded by Captain Bellingshausen, visited Britain to purchase navigational and scientific instruments, charts and books. Using documents in the Russian Naval Archives, this article describes the visit in detail and reflects on what this information tells us about the framing of the expedition and the constraints under which it was carried out
Billingshausen of the Antarctic
The Russian naval officer Faddej Faddeevich Bellingshausen began life with a slightly different surname, in his case ‘Billingshausen’. It is possible to work out roughly when the Russian surname ‘Bellinsgauzen’ was chosen. Considerations prompting the selection of that particular Russian version can also be suggested
Bellingshausen’s “Mountains”: The 1820 Russian sighting of Antarctica and Bellingshausen’s theory of the South Polar ice cap
There has been some uncertainty as to which of the two southerly probes, during which Bellingshausen passed latitude 69°S in early 1820, achieved the first sighting of an ice coast of Dronning Maud Land in Eastern Antarctica. The author criticizes Frank Debenham’s English translation of Bellingshausen’s narrative before presenting and discussing new translations of Bellingshausen’s descriptions of those events, with relevant sections of his track…
An early political map of Antarctica
The pair of paperweights illustrated on the front cover of this issue of Polar Record and reproduced as Fig. 1 were made in 1889 at the Burslem pottery of James Macintyre & Co. (best known for employing William Moorcroft a few years later) using maps engraved by the Edinburgh firm of J.G. Bartholomew (JGB). Macintyre produced other paperweights with Bartholomew maps of Central Africa, India, British South Africa and the rarest, Australasia, to a …
Naming Antarctica
In a recent interesting contribution to this journal, G.A. Mawer suggested that Antarctica was first so named in 1890 (Mawer 2008). New evidence however reveals that Antarctica first received its modern one-word name as early as 1840 at a congress of Italian scientists. The new name was soon adapted for other languages, and its use in English can be traced from 1849. A hypothesis is advanced as to why alternative French and German names were coin…
The Bellingshausen-Palmer meeting
The celebrated meeting between Captain Bellingshausen of the Imperial Russian Navy and the American sealing skipper Nathaniel Brown Palmer, off the South Shetland Islands in February 1821, has often been described by following just one or other of the two men's divergent and in some respects irreconcilable accounts. The most contentious issue is whether or not Palmer told Bellingshausen about the existence of a body of land to the south of the So…
Aivazovsky's Icebergs: An Antarctic mystery
The Armenian-Russian artist Ivan Aivazovsky completed a painting of a polar seascape entitled Ledyanyye gory [ Ice mountains ] in 1870. The picture has usually been taken for an Antarctic scene depicting HIMS Mirnyi , one of the two ships of the Russian Antarctic Expedition of 1819–1821, in the presence of icebergs, ice cliffs and floes. The author contends, first, that this identification is open to considerable doubt, and second, that other asp…
Bellingshausen and the Russian Antarctic Expedition, 1819–21
This book examines the little studied story of Bellinghausen, and includes the fullest biography of the celebrated Russian explorer ever published, and with thoughtful discussion of the achievements a
Achievements
All the European voyages of exploration bore the stamp of the conceited, inegalitarian and ruthlessly acquisitive societies and regimes which sent them out. When viewed as feats of human endeavour, however, they have their positive aspects, the Bellingshausen expedition no less than others. Cook's second expedition had taken 1003 days in even more challenging logistic and cultural conditions than Bellingshausen's, which lasted 751. For example, m…
The early history of Peter I Island
None of the logbooks or officers’ journals of the 1819–1821 Russian Antarctic expedition, commanded by Junior Captain Faddei Faddeyevich Bellingshausen, have yet been found. The discovery of Peter I Island was recorded in two reports from the commander, on Sheet 13 of a 15-sheet track chart of the expedition which he prepared during the voyage home (Belov 1963: 32), in his subsequent book (Bellinsgauzen 1831), and in narratives penned by four oth…
Bellingshausen's first accounts of his Antarctic voyage of 1819–1821
In 1949 a reassessment of the Imperial Russian Navy's Antarctic expedition of 1819–1821 was promulgated in the Soviet Union. The contention was that Russian seamen had made the first discovery of the mainland of Antarctica, two or three days before the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula was sighted by a British expedition, under William Smith and Edward Bransfield, sent to take formal possession of the South Shetland Islands. The new Soviet …
Pictures from an Antarctic expedition: Mikhailov on the Bellingshausen voyage
The artist Pavel Nikolayevich Mikhailov (1786–1840) took part in the Antarctic expedition of the Imperial Russian Navy commanded by Captain F.F. Bellingshausen from 1819 to 1821. The author was invited to view the collection of Mikhailov's work, from two expeditions, that is held at the Russian Museum, St Petersburg. The Bellingshausen pieces in the collection are described, and their relationships to the smaller collection of Mikhailov's work fo…
Pavel Rozhkov and Slava . ‘The first Soviet whalers in the Antarctic’
Pavel Sergeyevich Rozhkov was captain of the whale catcher Slava 3 on the first Soviet whaling cruise in the Antarctic, which took place in 1946–1947. He wrote an exceptionally frank and detailed account of the cruise, for those times, which was published in a Lithuanian newspaper and is now presented here for the first time in English translation
A lost translation of Bellingshausen
Frank Debenham believed, on naval authority, that the first English translation of Bellingshausen's account of his 1819–1821 voyage was made during World War I (Debenham 1945: vii). He may have been misinformed
Cold war whaling: Bellingshausen and the Slava flotilla
On 7 December 1945 a captured German whaling factory, Wikinger , was allocated to the Soviet Union under the terms of the Potsdam Agreement between that country, the United States and the United Kingdom. In the first section, this article presents the first detailed account of how Wikinger was seized by the Royal Navy and eventually transferred to Soviet ownership. The second section illustrates the hostile attitudes of western governments toward…
To unbar the gates of the South’: Maury's 1860–1861 proposals for Antarctic cooperation
In 1860 and 1861 Commander Matthew Fontaine Maury USN, (1806–1873), put forward the first ever proposal for international cooperation in polar research. Maury's initiative also prompted the first ever international correspondence about polar cooperation, fourteen years before Carl Weyprecht launched his better known proposal. For several reasons however, including the outbreak of the American Civil War, Maury's Antarctic project did not succeed. …
The curious incident of the missing cleaner
The first woman to work as a professional scientist in Antarctica was Mariya Vasilyevna Klyonova, during the first Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1955–1957. Other women were crew members on the icebreakers Lena and Ob’ . There is an outside possibility that there was more to one of them than meets the eye. But we shall never know
The political origins of the Antarctic Treaty
Like many great institutions, the Antarctic Treaty system has its own creation myth, according to which it was brought into being by the Antarctic science programme of the 1957–1958 International Geophysical Year (IGY). As myths are prone to do, this one combines both an important truth and a good deal of misinformation. After fifty years in which it has shamelessly flattered the earth scientists, who are understandably rather fond of it, and und…
Politics at the first Comité Special de l'Année Geophysique Internationale (CSAGI) Antarctic conference
At the first Comité Special de l'Année Geophysique Internationale (CSAGI) Antarctic conference, held in July 1955, the opening remarks of its president, supported by a resolution proposed by the Chilean Ambassador and passed unanimously, stipulated that the meeting was not to be concerned with political matters and that its purposes were exclusively scientific. Those guidelines were not entirely successful. The Chilean resolution was itself a pol…
Harbingers of sputnik: The amateur radio preparations in the Soviet Union
After recapitulating and re‐evaluating the principal early signals that the Soviet Union was planning to launch an artificial earth satellite (Sputnik 1) in 1957, which have long been familiar to space historians, this article presents some additional pre‐sputnik material from Radio, the Soviet government's monthly magazine for radio amateurs, and from other sources, which has not previously been identified by western scholars. The preparations o…
Supplying the Nuclear Arsenal: American Production Reactors, 1942-1992
Journal Article Supplying the Nuclear Arsenal: American Production Reactors, 1942–1992. By Rodney P. Carlisle with Joan M. Zenzen. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. xvi, 275 pp. $48.00, ISBN 0-8018-5207-2.) Get access Rip Bulkeley Rip Bulkeley Oxford, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 84, Issue 2, September 1997, Page 728, https://doi.org/10.2307/29…
The "Sputnik" Challenge: Eisenhower's Response to the Soviet Satellite
The “Sputnik” Challenge: Eisenhower’s Response to the Soviet Satellite by Robert A. Divine
214 Book Reviews TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Wernher von Braun thus fails to satisfy the need for a reliable popular biography. Although another is under way that promises to be less partisan, it is clear that we will have to wait a few more years before we will finally have a thoroughly researched work on this important and fascinating figure. Michael J. Neufeld Dr. Neufeld curates World War II exhibits at the National Air and Space Museum. His histo…
The Sputniks Crisis and Early United States Space Policy: A Critique of the Historiography of Space
Journal Article The Sputniks Crisis and Early United States Space Policy: A Critique of the Historiography of Space. By Rip Bulkeley. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991. xviii + 286 pp. $29.95, ISBN 0-253-31281-7.) Get access Jack M. Holl Jack M. Holl Kansas State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 79, Issue 2, September 1992, Pages 736–737, https://doi…
Cold war whaling: Bellingshausen and the Slava flotilla
On 7 December 1945 a captured German whaling factory, Wikinger , was allocated to the Soviet Union under the terms of the Potsdam Agreement between that country, the United States and the United Kingdom. In the first section, this article presents the first detailed account of how Wikinger was seized by the Royal Navy and eventually transferred to Soviet ownership. The second section illustrates the hostile attitudes of western governments toward…
The political origins of the Antarctic Treaty
Like many great institutions, the Antarctic Treaty system has its own creation myth, according to which it was brought into being by the Antarctic science programme of the 1957–1958 International Geophysical Year (IGY). As myths are prone to do, this one combines both an important truth and a good deal of misinformation. After fifty years in which it has shamelessly flattered the earth scientists, who are understandably rather fond of it, and und…
Bellingshausen's first accounts of his Antarctic voyage of 1819–1821
In 1949 a reassessment of the Imperial Russian Navy's Antarctic expedition of 1819–1821 was promulgated in the Soviet Union. The contention was that Russian seamen had made the first discovery of the mainland of Antarctica, two or three days before the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula was sighted by a British expedition, under William Smith and Edward Bransfield, sent to take formal possession of the South Shetland Islands. The new Soviet …
Pavel Rozhkov and Slava . ‘The first Soviet whalers in the Antarctic’
Pavel Sergeyevich Rozhkov was captain of the whale catcher Slava 3 on the first Soviet whaling cruise in the Antarctic, which took place in 1946–1947. He wrote an exceptionally frank and detailed account of the cruise, for those times, which was published in a Lithuanian newspaper and is now presented here for the first time in English translation
The Sputniks Crisis and Early United States Space Policy: A Critique of the Historiography of Space
Journal Article The Sputniks Crisis and Early United States Space Policy: A Critique of the Historiography of Space. By Rip Bulkeley. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991. xviii + 286 pp. $29.95, ISBN 0-253-31281-7.) Get access Jack M. Holl Jack M. Holl Kansas State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 79, Issue 2, September 1992, Pages 736–737, https://doi…
The Sputniks Crisis and Early United States Space Policy: A Critique of the Historiography of Space
The "Sputnik" Challenge: Eisenhower's Response to the Soviet Satellite
The “Sputnik” Challenge: Eisenhower’s Response to the Soviet Satellite by Robert A. Divine
214 Book Reviews TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Wernher von Braun thus fails to satisfy the need for a reliable popular biography. Although another is under way that promises to be less partisan, it is clear that we will have to wait a few more years before we will finally have a thoroughly researched work on this important and fascinating figure. Michael J. Neufeld Dr. Neufeld curates World War II exhibits at the National Air and Space Museum. His histo…
Supplying the Nuclear Arsenal: American Production Reactors, 1942-1992
Journal Article Supplying the Nuclear Arsenal: American Production Reactors, 1942–1992. By Rodney P. Carlisle with Joan M. Zenzen. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. xvi, 275 pp. $48.00, ISBN 0-8018-5207-2.) Get access Rip Bulkeley Rip Bulkeley Oxford, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 84, Issue 2, September 1997, Page 728, https://doi.org/10.2307/29…
Harbingers of sputnik: The amateur radio preparations in the Soviet Union
After recapitulating and re‐evaluating the principal early signals that the Soviet Union was planning to launch an artificial earth satellite (Sputnik 1) in 1957, which have long been familiar to space historians, this article presents some additional pre‐sputnik material from Radio, the Soviet government's monthly magazine for radio amateurs, and from other sources, which has not previously been identified by western scholars. The preparations o…
Politics at the first Comité Special de l'Année Geophysique Internationale (CSAGI) Antarctic conference
At the first Comité Special de l'Année Geophysique Internationale (CSAGI) Antarctic conference, held in July 1955, the opening remarks of its president, supported by a resolution proposed by the Chilean Ambassador and passed unanimously, stipulated that the meeting was not to be concerned with political matters and that its purposes were exclusively scientific. Those guidelines were not entirely successful. The Chilean resolution was itself a pol…
The curious incident of the missing cleaner
The first woman to work as a professional scientist in Antarctica was Mariya Vasilyevna Klyonova, during the first Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1955–1957. Other women were crew members on the icebreakers Lena and Ob’ . There is an outside possibility that there was more to one of them than meets the eye. But we shall never know
The political origins of the Antarctic Treaty
Like many great institutions, the Antarctic Treaty system has its own creation myth, according to which it was brought into being by the Antarctic science programme of the 1957–1958 International Geophysical Year (IGY). As myths are prone to do, this one combines both an important truth and a good deal of misinformation. After fifty years in which it has shamelessly flattered the earth scientists, who are understandably rather fond of it, and und…
A lost translation of Bellingshausen
Frank Debenham believed, on naval authority, that the first English translation of Bellingshausen's account of his 1819–1821 voyage was made during World War I (Debenham 1945: vii). He may have been misinformed
Cold war whaling: Bellingshausen and the Slava flotilla
On 7 December 1945 a captured German whaling factory, Wikinger , was allocated to the Soviet Union under the terms of the Potsdam Agreement between that country, the United States and the United Kingdom. In the first section, this article presents the first detailed account of how Wikinger was seized by the Royal Navy and eventually transferred to Soviet ownership. The second section illustrates the hostile attitudes of western governments toward…
To unbar the gates of the South’: Maury's 1860–1861 proposals for Antarctic cooperation
In 1860 and 1861 Commander Matthew Fontaine Maury USN, (1806–1873), put forward the first ever proposal for international cooperation in polar research. Maury's initiative also prompted the first ever international correspondence about polar cooperation, fourteen years before Carl Weyprecht launched his better known proposal. For several reasons however, including the outbreak of the American Civil War, Maury's Antarctic project did not succeed. …
Pavel Rozhkov and Slava . ‘The first Soviet whalers in the Antarctic’
Pavel Sergeyevich Rozhkov was captain of the whale catcher Slava 3 on the first Soviet whaling cruise in the Antarctic, which took place in 1946–1947. He wrote an exceptionally frank and detailed account of the cruise, for those times, which was published in a Lithuanian newspaper and is now presented here for the first time in English translation
Bellingshausen's first accounts of his Antarctic voyage of 1819–1821
In 1949 a reassessment of the Imperial Russian Navy's Antarctic expedition of 1819–1821 was promulgated in the Soviet Union. The contention was that Russian seamen had made the first discovery of the mainland of Antarctica, two or three days before the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula was sighted by a British expedition, under William Smith and Edward Bransfield, sent to take formal possession of the South Shetland Islands. The new Soviet …
Pictures from an Antarctic expedition: Mikhailov on the Bellingshausen voyage
The artist Pavel Nikolayevich Mikhailov (1786–1840) took part in the Antarctic expedition of the Imperial Russian Navy commanded by Captain F.F. Bellingshausen from 1819 to 1821. The author was invited to view the collection of Mikhailov's work, from two expeditions, that is held at the Russian Museum, St Petersburg. The Bellingshausen pieces in the collection are described, and their relationships to the smaller collection of Mikhailov's work fo…
Bellingshausen and the Russian Antarctic Expedition, 1819–21
This book examines the little studied story of Bellinghausen, and includes the fullest biography of the celebrated Russian explorer ever published, and with thoughtful discussion of the achievements a
Achievements
All the European voyages of exploration bore the stamp of the conceited, inegalitarian and ruthlessly acquisitive societies and regimes which sent them out. When viewed as feats of human endeavour, however, they have their positive aspects, the Bellingshausen expedition no less than others. Cook's second expedition had taken 1003 days in even more challenging logistic and cultural conditions than Bellingshausen's, which lasted 751. For example, m…
The early history of Peter I Island
None of the logbooks or officers’ journals of the 1819–1821 Russian Antarctic expedition, commanded by Junior Captain Faddei Faddeyevich Bellingshausen, have yet been found. The discovery of Peter I Island was recorded in two reports from the commander, on Sheet 13 of a 15-sheet track chart of the expedition which he prepared during the voyage home (Belov 1963: 32), in his subsequent book (Bellinsgauzen 1831), and in narratives penned by four oth…
The Bellingshausen-Palmer meeting
The celebrated meeting between Captain Bellingshausen of the Imperial Russian Navy and the American sealing skipper Nathaniel Brown Palmer, off the South Shetland Islands in February 1821, has often been described by following just one or other of the two men's divergent and in some respects irreconcilable accounts. The most contentious issue is whether or not Palmer told Bellingshausen about the existence of a body of land to the south of the So…
Aivazovsky's Icebergs: An Antarctic mystery
The Armenian-Russian artist Ivan Aivazovsky completed a painting of a polar seascape entitled Ledyanyye gory [ Ice mountains ] in 1870. The picture has usually been taken for an Antarctic scene depicting HIMS Mirnyi , one of the two ships of the Russian Antarctic Expedition of 1819–1821, in the presence of icebergs, ice cliffs and floes. The author contends, first, that this identification is open to considerable doubt, and second, that other asp…
An early political map of Antarctica
The pair of paperweights illustrated on the front cover of this issue of Polar Record and reproduced as Fig. 1 were made in 1889 at the Burslem pottery of James Macintyre & Co. (best known for employing William Moorcroft a few years later) using maps engraved by the Edinburgh firm of J.G. Bartholomew (JGB). Macintyre produced other paperweights with Bartholomew maps of Central Africa, India, British South Africa and the rarest, Australasia, to a …
Naming Antarctica
In a recent interesting contribution to this journal, G.A. Mawer suggested that Antarctica was first so named in 1890 (Mawer 2008). New evidence however reveals that Antarctica first received its modern one-word name as early as 1840 at a congress of Italian scientists. The new name was soon adapted for other languages, and its use in English can be traced from 1849. A hypothesis is advanced as to why alternative French and German names were coin…
Billingshausen of the Antarctic
The Russian naval officer Faddej Faddeevich Bellingshausen began life with a slightly different surname, in his case ‘Billingshausen’. It is possible to work out roughly when the Russian surname ‘Bellinsgauzen’ was chosen. Considerations prompting the selection of that particular Russian version can also be suggested
Bellingshausen’s “Mountains”: The 1820 Russian sighting of Antarctica and Bellingshausen’s theory of the South Polar ice cap
There has been some uncertainty as to which of the two southerly probes, during which Bellingshausen passed latitude 69°S in early 1820, achieved the first sighting of an ice coast of Dronning Maud Land in Eastern Antarctica. The author criticizes Frank Debenham’s English translation of Bellingshausen’s narrative before presenting and discussing new translations of Bellingshausen’s descriptions of those events, with relevant sections of his track…
Bellingshausen in Britain: Supplying the Russian Antarctic expedition, 1819
In August and September 1819 the first Russian Antarctic expedition, commanded by Captain Bellingshausen, visited Britain to purchase navigational and scientific instruments, charts and books. Using documents in the Russian Naval Archives, this article describes the visit in detail and reflects on what this information tells us about the framing of the expedition and the constraints under which it was carried out
History (23 works) · Polar Research and Ecology (15 works) · Political science (13 works) · Philosophy (12 works) · Law (10 works) · Archaeology (9 works) · Geography (9 works) · History of Science and Natural History (8 works) · Art (6 works) · Engineering (6 works)