Melanie Langer
Biographic Data
| ID | 153299 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Melanie Langer |
| GIVEN NAMES | Melanie |
| FAMILY NAME | Langer |
| SIGNATURE | LANGER M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Los Angeles |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4462-3341 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 171 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2005 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Immigration, Justice Remittances, and US Courts
Many immigrants to the United States are victims of crimes that occurred in their home countries. US courts usually will not rule on legal violations that occur outside of US territory. However, starting in 1980, US federal courts sometimes allow foreign nationals to use the Alien Tort Statute to seek civil remedies for international law violations on foreign territory. We argue that these civil remedies are justice remittances from the United St…
Living with impunity versus living in fear
This article introduces a new analytical category to provide a more accurate, comprehensive, and nuanced account of universal jurisdiction defendants: defendants living in fear. In contrast to defendants living with impunity, defendants living in fear are defendants whose home state is very much willing and able to prosecute and punish them. Using an original database, this article shows that there is a substantial number of universal jurisdictio…
Does System Justification Promote Establishment Voting? Mainstream Politics in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom
Throughout Europe and North America, mainstream political parties have ceded electoral support to antiestablishment parties from the far left and far right. We investigate the hypothesis that individual differences in system justification—the psychological tendency to defend and justify the overarching social system—would be negatively associated with antiestablishment voting, even among citizens who would otherwise be inclined to support radical…
Migration and the Demand for Transnational Justice
Domestic courts sometimes prosecute foreign nationals for severe crimes-like crimes against humanity, genocide, torture, and war crimes-committed on foreign territory against foreign nationals. We argue that migrants can serve as agents of transnational justice. When migrants move across borders, as both economic migrants and refugees, they often pressure local governments to conduct criminal investigations and trials for crimes that occurred in …
Plea Bargaining, Conviction Without Trial, and the Global Administratization of Criminal Convictions
This article documents the diffusion of plea bargaining and other mechanisms to reach criminal convictions without a trial and argues that their spread implies what this article terms an administratization of criminal convictions in many corners of the world. Criminal convictions have been administratized in two ways: ( a) Trial-avoiding mechanisms have given a larger role to nonjudicature, administrative officials in the determination of who get…
The Quiet Expansion of Universal Jurisdiction
Based on an original worldwide survey of all universal jurisdiction complaints over core international crimes presented between 1961 and 2017 and against widespread perception by international criminal law experts that universal jurisdiction is in decline, this article shows that universal jurisdiction practice has been quietly expanding as there has been a significant growth in the number of universal jurisdiction trials, in the frequency with w…
How Social Media Facilitates Political Protest
It is often claimed that social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are profoundly shaping political participation, especially when it comes to protest behavior. Whether or not this is the case, the analysis of “Big Data” generated by social media usage offers unprecedented opportunities to observe complex, dynamic effects associated with large‐scale collective action and social movements. In this article, we summarize evidence from stud…
Revolução no processo penal latino-americano
Durante os últimos 15 anos, 14 países latino-americanos e um número substancial de províncias e estados latino-americanos introduziram novos códigos de processo penal. Essas reformas são possivelmente as maiores transformações às quais os procedimentos criminais latino-americanos foram submetidos em quase dois séculos. Este artigo mostra como uma rede de advogados latino-americanos que trabalharam na elaboração e implementação dos novos códigos t…
Dos Transplantes Jurídicos Às Traduções Jurídicas
Este artigo analisa a tese da americanização no processo penal. De acordo com a versão forte desta tese, o sistema jurídico norte-americano se tornou o mais influente sistema no mundo e, como consequência, um número considerável de sistemas jurídicos acabarou por se assemelhar ou imitar o americano ou se tornaram, então, americanizados. Este artigo faz um alerta contra a tese forte da americanização através de um exame da introdução do estilo ame…
The Politics of Buying, Boycotting, Complaining, and Disputing
Research in political psychology indicates that liberals are less motivated than conservatives by epistemic, existential, and relational needs to reduce uncertainty, threat, and social discord, and are therefore more prone to challenge the status quo. In a compelling extension of this work into the field of consumer behavior, Jung, Garbarino, Briley, and Wynhausen (this issue) demonstrate that people residing in more liberal (vs. conservative) ar…
Juvenile Justice in Global Perspective
An unprecedented comparison of juvenile justice systems across the globe, Juvenile Justice in Global Perspective brings together original contributions from some of the world's leading voices. While American scholars may have extensive knowledge about other justice systems around the world and how adults are treated, juvenile justice systems and the plight of youth who break the law throughout the world is less often studied. This important volum…
La larga sombra de las categorías acusatorio-inquisitivo
Este trabajo argumenta que las categorías acusatorio e inquisitivo han sido más centrales para el derecho procesal penal comparado que lo que se ha reconocido previamente ya que han contribuido a constituirlo y a moldearlo como campo transnacional al reflejar y restringir sus principales tendencias teóricas y sus mayores temas de interés. Se identifican las principales tradiciones teóricas de este campo mediante un relevamiento de los usos que la…
Universal Jurisdiction is Not Disappearing
From "Is" to "Ought" and Sometimes "Not
Reforma a la justicia penal juvenil y adolescentes privados de libertad en Chile
This article aims at providing and analyzing empirical data regarding the criminal juvenile system in Chile seven years after the coming into effect of Act N° 20084 (which established the juvenile criminal responsibility system in Chile
Universal Jurisdiction as Janus-Faced
Journal Article Universal Jurisdiction as Janus-Faced: The Dual Nature of the German International Criminal Code Get access Máximo Langer Máximo Langer * * Professor of Law, University of California, Los Angeles. [[email protected]] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of International Criminal Justice, Volume 11, Issue 4, September 2013, Pages 737–762, https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqt057 Published: 3…
The Diplomacy of Universal Jurisdiction
Under universal jurisdiction, any state in the world may prosecute and try the core international crimes— crimes against humanity, genocide, torture, and war crimes—without any territorial, personal, or national-interest link to the crime in question whenit was committed.The jurisdictional claim is predicated on the atrocious nature of the crime and legally based on treaties or customary international law. Unlike the regime of international crimi…
Revolution in Latin American Criminal Procedure
Over the last 15 years, 14 Latin American countries and a substantial number of Latin American provinces and states have introduced new criminal procedure codes. These reforms are, arguably, the deepest transformation that Latin American criminal procedures have undergone in nearly two centuries. This article shows how a network of Latin American lawyers who worked on the drafting and implementation of the new codes played a crucial role in this …
The Rise of Managerial Judging in International Criminal Law
This article analyzes the procedure of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) through the lens of comparative law. The article shows that while in its first phase (1993-98), ICTY adopted a predominantly adversarial model to prosecute international crimes; in its second phase (1998-2005), ICTY adopted a managerial judging model. In this way, the article challenges the two existing characterizations of ICTY procedure b…
How Social Media Facilitates Political Protest
It is often claimed that social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are profoundly shaping political participation, especially when it comes to protest behavior. Whether or not this is the case, the analysis of “Big Data” generated by social media usage offers unprecedented opportunities to observe complex, dynamic effects associated with large‐scale collective action and social movements. In this article, we summarize evidence from stud…
Revolution in Latin American Criminal Procedure
Over the last 15 years, 14 Latin American countries and a substantial number of Latin American provinces and states have introduced new criminal procedure codes. These reforms are, arguably, the deepest transformation that Latin American criminal procedures have undergone in nearly two centuries. This article shows how a network of Latin American lawyers who worked on the drafting and implementation of the new codes played a crucial role in this …
The Quiet Expansion of Universal Jurisdiction
Based on an original worldwide survey of all universal jurisdiction complaints over core international crimes presented between 1961 and 2017 and against widespread perception by international criminal law experts that universal jurisdiction is in decline, this article shows that universal jurisdiction practice has been quietly expanding as there has been a significant growth in the number of universal jurisdiction trials, in the frequency with w…
The Diplomacy of Universal Jurisdiction
Under universal jurisdiction, any state in the world may prosecute and try the core international crimes— crimes against humanity, genocide, torture, and war crimes—without any territorial, personal, or national-interest link to the crime in question whenit was committed.The jurisdictional claim is predicated on the atrocious nature of the crime and legally based on treaties or customary international law. Unlike the regime of international crimi…
Does System Justification Promote Establishment Voting? Mainstream Politics in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom
Throughout Europe and North America, mainstream political parties have ceded electoral support to antiestablishment parties from the far left and far right. We investigate the hypothesis that individual differences in system justification—the psychological tendency to defend and justify the overarching social system—would be negatively associated with antiestablishment voting, even among citizens who would otherwise be inclined to support radical…
Plea Bargaining, Conviction Without Trial, and the Global Administratization of Criminal Convictions
This article documents the diffusion of plea bargaining and other mechanisms to reach criminal convictions without a trial and argues that their spread implies what this article terms an administratization of criminal convictions in many corners of the world. Criminal convictions have been administratized in two ways: ( a) Trial-avoiding mechanisms have given a larger role to nonjudicature, administrative officials in the determination of who get…
Migration and the Demand for Transnational Justice
Domestic courts sometimes prosecute foreign nationals for severe crimes-like crimes against humanity, genocide, torture, and war crimes-committed on foreign territory against foreign nationals. We argue that migrants can serve as agents of transnational justice. When migrants move across borders, as both economic migrants and refugees, they often pressure local governments to conduct criminal investigations and trials for crimes that occurred in …
From "Is" to "Ought" and Sometimes "Not
Reforma a la justicia penal juvenil y adolescentes privados de libertad en Chile
This article aims at providing and analyzing empirical data regarding the criminal juvenile system in Chile seven years after the coming into effect of Act N° 20084 (which established the juvenile criminal responsibility system in Chile
The Politics of Buying, Boycotting, Complaining, and Disputing
Research in political psychology indicates that liberals are less motivated than conservatives by epistemic, existential, and relational needs to reduce uncertainty, threat, and social discord, and are therefore more prone to challenge the status quo. In a compelling extension of this work into the field of consumer behavior, Jung, Garbarino, Briley, and Wynhausen (this issue) demonstrate that people residing in more liberal (vs. conservative) ar…
The Rise of Managerial Judging in International Criminal Law
This article analyzes the procedure of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) through the lens of comparative law. The article shows that while in its first phase (1993-98), ICTY adopted a predominantly adversarial model to prosecute international crimes; in its second phase (1998-2005), ICTY adopted a managerial judging model. In this way, the article challenges the two existing characterizations of ICTY procedure b…
Universal Jurisdiction is Not Disappearing
Universal Jurisdiction as Janus-Faced
Journal Article Universal Jurisdiction as Janus-Faced: The Dual Nature of the German International Criminal Code Get access Máximo Langer Máximo Langer * * Professor of Law, University of California, Los Angeles. [[email protected]] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of International Criminal Justice, Volume 11, Issue 4, September 2013, Pages 737–762, https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqt057 Published: 3…
The Rise of Managerial Judging in International Criminal Law
This article analyzes the procedure of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) through the lens of comparative law. The article shows that while in its first phase (1993-98), ICTY adopted a predominantly adversarial model to prosecute international crimes; in its second phase (1998-2005), ICTY adopted a managerial judging model. In this way, the article challenges the two existing characterizations of ICTY procedure b…
Revolution in Latin American Criminal Procedure
Over the last 15 years, 14 Latin American countries and a substantial number of Latin American provinces and states have introduced new criminal procedure codes. These reforms are, arguably, the deepest transformation that Latin American criminal procedures have undergone in nearly two centuries. This article shows how a network of Latin American lawyers who worked on the drafting and implementation of the new codes played a crucial role in this …
The Diplomacy of Universal Jurisdiction
Under universal jurisdiction, any state in the world may prosecute and try the core international crimes— crimes against humanity, genocide, torture, and war crimes—without any territorial, personal, or national-interest link to the crime in question whenit was committed.The jurisdictional claim is predicated on the atrocious nature of the crime and legally based on treaties or customary international law. Unlike the regime of international crimi…
Universal Jurisdiction as Janus-Faced
Journal Article Universal Jurisdiction as Janus-Faced: The Dual Nature of the German International Criminal Code Get access Máximo Langer Máximo Langer * * Professor of Law, University of California, Los Angeles. [[email protected]] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of International Criminal Justice, Volume 11, Issue 4, September 2013, Pages 737–762, https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqt057 Published: 3…
Reforma a la justicia penal juvenil y adolescentes privados de libertad en Chile
This article aims at providing and analyzing empirical data regarding the criminal juvenile system in Chile seven years after the coming into effect of Act N° 20084 (which established the juvenile criminal responsibility system in Chile
Juvenile Justice in Global Perspective
An unprecedented comparison of juvenile justice systems across the globe, Juvenile Justice in Global Perspective brings together original contributions from some of the world's leading voices. While American scholars may have extensive knowledge about other justice systems around the world and how adults are treated, juvenile justice systems and the plight of youth who break the law throughout the world is less often studied. This important volum…
La larga sombra de las categorías acusatorio-inquisitivo
Este trabajo argumenta que las categorías acusatorio e inquisitivo han sido más centrales para el derecho procesal penal comparado que lo que se ha reconocido previamente ya que han contribuido a constituirlo y a moldearlo como campo transnacional al reflejar y restringir sus principales tendencias teóricas y sus mayores temas de interés. Se identifican las principales tradiciones teóricas de este campo mediante un relevamiento de los usos que la…
Universal Jurisdiction is Not Disappearing
From "Is" to "Ought" and Sometimes "Not
Revolução no processo penal latino-americano
Durante os últimos 15 anos, 14 países latino-americanos e um número substancial de províncias e estados latino-americanos introduziram novos códigos de processo penal. Essas reformas são possivelmente as maiores transformações às quais os procedimentos criminais latino-americanos foram submetidos em quase dois séculos. Este artigo mostra como uma rede de advogados latino-americanos que trabalharam na elaboração e implementação dos novos códigos t…
Dos Transplantes Jurídicos Às Traduções Jurídicas
Este artigo analisa a tese da americanização no processo penal. De acordo com a versão forte desta tese, o sistema jurídico norte-americano se tornou o mais influente sistema no mundo e, como consequência, um número considerável de sistemas jurídicos acabarou por se assemelhar ou imitar o americano ou se tornaram, então, americanizados. Este artigo faz um alerta contra a tese forte da americanização através de um exame da introdução do estilo ame…
The Politics of Buying, Boycotting, Complaining, and Disputing
Research in political psychology indicates that liberals are less motivated than conservatives by epistemic, existential, and relational needs to reduce uncertainty, threat, and social discord, and are therefore more prone to challenge the status quo. In a compelling extension of this work into the field of consumer behavior, Jung, Garbarino, Briley, and Wynhausen (this issue) demonstrate that people residing in more liberal (vs. conservative) ar…
How Social Media Facilitates Political Protest
It is often claimed that social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are profoundly shaping political participation, especially when it comes to protest behavior. Whether or not this is the case, the analysis of “Big Data” generated by social media usage offers unprecedented opportunities to observe complex, dynamic effects associated with large‐scale collective action and social movements. In this article, we summarize evidence from stud…
The Quiet Expansion of Universal Jurisdiction
Based on an original worldwide survey of all universal jurisdiction complaints over core international crimes presented between 1961 and 2017 and against widespread perception by international criminal law experts that universal jurisdiction is in decline, this article shows that universal jurisdiction practice has been quietly expanding as there has been a significant growth in the number of universal jurisdiction trials, in the frequency with w…
Plea Bargaining, Conviction Without Trial, and the Global Administratization of Criminal Convictions
This article documents the diffusion of plea bargaining and other mechanisms to reach criminal convictions without a trial and argues that their spread implies what this article terms an administratization of criminal convictions in many corners of the world. Criminal convictions have been administratized in two ways: ( a) Trial-avoiding mechanisms have given a larger role to nonjudicature, administrative officials in the determination of who get…
Migration and the Demand for Transnational Justice
Domestic courts sometimes prosecute foreign nationals for severe crimes-like crimes against humanity, genocide, torture, and war crimes-committed on foreign territory against foreign nationals. We argue that migrants can serve as agents of transnational justice. When migrants move across borders, as both economic migrants and refugees, they often pressure local governments to conduct criminal investigations and trials for crimes that occurred in …
Does System Justification Promote Establishment Voting? Mainstream Politics in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom
Throughout Europe and North America, mainstream political parties have ceded electoral support to antiestablishment parties from the far left and far right. We investigate the hypothesis that individual differences in system justification—the psychological tendency to defend and justify the overarching social system—would be negatively associated with antiestablishment voting, even among citizens who would otherwise be inclined to support radical…
Living with impunity versus living in fear
This article introduces a new analytical category to provide a more accurate, comprehensive, and nuanced account of universal jurisdiction defendants: defendants living in fear. In contrast to defendants living with impunity, defendants living in fear are defendants whose home state is very much willing and able to prosecute and punish them. Using an original database, this article shows that there is a substantial number of universal jurisdictio…
Immigration, Justice Remittances, and US Courts
Many immigrants to the United States are victims of crimes that occurred in their home countries. US courts usually will not rule on legal violations that occur outside of US territory. However, starting in 1980, US federal courts sometimes allow foreign nationals to use the Alien Tort Statute to seek civil remedies for international law violations on foreign territory. We argue that these civil remedies are justice remittances from the United St…
Political science (17 works) · Law (11 works) · Law (11 works) · Sociology (9 works) · Criminal Law and Evidence (6 works) · International Law and Human Rights (6 works) · Jurisdiction (6 works) · Politics (6 works) · Universal jurisdiction (6 works) · Criminology (5 works)