Karen B Schmaling
Biographic Data
| ID | 1561014 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Karen B Schmaling |
| GIVEN NAMES | Karen B |
| FAMILY NAME | Schmaling |
| SIGNATURE | SCHMALING K B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Washington State University Vancouver |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2085-134X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 11 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1985 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
A global context for population mental health
Dodge et al. (2024) outlined the gap between population mental health needs and the current capacity of the U.S. health care system to provide necessary services. We add international examples and a global perspective to their observations. Unlike some nations, the mental health needs in the United States occur in the context of privatized, for-profit health care. Nations that offer population-based mental health services may have achieved greate…
Grant Review Feedback
The primary goal of the peer review of research grant proposals is to evaluate their quality for the funding agency. An important secondary goal is to provide constructive feedback to applicants for their resubmissions. However, little is known about whether review feedback achieves this goal. In this paper, we present a multi-methods analysis of responses from grant applicants regarding their perceptions of the effectiveness and appropriateness …
Negative life events and incident alcohol use disorders among ethnic minorities
The association of negative life events (NLEs) with incident alcohol use disorders (AUDs) was examined among Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites in the second wave of the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) among 3,679 participants without AUDs at the first wave. The number of past-year NLEs at NCS-2 was higher for Black than White participants, but the rates of incident AUDs did not differ by racial/ethnic group (14.2% among all participants). Past-year…
Applicant responses to diversity selection criteria in academic staff position descriptions
Diversifying the academic staff may improve access and participation for underrepresented students; a policy of diversity selection criteria in academic staff position descriptions may advance this goal. This study examined applications to academic staff positions with diversity selection criteria to characterise applicants' responses to such criteria, and the diversity of applicant pools. The 454 applications to 11 research and teaching academic…
Longitudinal outcomes associated with significant other responses to chronic fatigue and pain
This study investigated significant others’ behavior associated with fatigue, pain, and mental health outcomes among 68 individuals with chronic fatigue (43% also had fibromyalgia) over 18 months. More negative significant others’ responses were associated with more pain, poorer physical and mental health, and more fatigue-related symptoms over time. More fibromyalgia tender points covaried with more solicitous significant others’ responses over …
Neurocognitive complaints and functional status among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia
The privilege and burden of peer review
Ethnic minority reviewers were significantly less likely to refuse a review request than ethnic majority reviewers. Results are discussed in terms of perceived pressure to demonstrate scholastic impact and the disproportionate service burden often borne by ethnic minority psychologists
Defining diversity
A desirable societal goal may not imply a common understanding of that goal. As organizations seek to foster inclusion through a focus on diversity, understanding the operational definition employed by stakeholders becomes important. This study focuses on how candidates applying for employment address their diversity-related qualifications when specifically asked to do so. A model-driven qualitative coding system is used to characterize the diver…
Diversity statements
The purpose of the present study was to examine application materials for assistant professor positions in 3 academic disciplines. Applicants were asked to write a diversity statement describing how they would advance diversity through their research, teaching, and service. The sample included application materials submitted by 191 candidates for tenure-track faculty positions at a public research university in computer science, political science…
Asthma
Global asthma prevalence has increased dramatically in recent decades, despite advances in our understanding of the complexities that characterize this illness and in our treatment of it. The goals of asthma treatment are control and reduced impairment; achieving these goals is hindered by lack of provider adherence to evaluation and treatment standards and by patient perceptions, beliefs, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and self-management behav…
An investigation of victimization and the clinical course of chronic fatigue syndrome
Medically unexplained syndromes, including chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), have been associated with victimization in childhood and adulthood. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of victimization experiences in childhood and adulthood with functional status and illness severity in a sample of patients with CFS using longitudinal data. In the sample of 93 patients with CFS, childhood abuse and neglect had greater impact than …
Change in Airflow among Patients with Asthma Discussing Relationship Problems with Their Partners
This study examined the covariation of negative emotions with airflow among 48 persons with asthma and their partners as they discussed relationship problems. Measures included self-reported questionnaires, airflow and behavior coded from videotaped discussions. Significantly increased self-reported hostility and statistically but not clinically significant declines in airflow were found post- versus pre-discussion. Self-reported responses to ast…
Enhancing the Culture of Research Ethics on University Campuses
Randomized trial of behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, and antidepressant medication in the acute treatment of adults with major depression.
Antidepressant medication is considered the current standard for severe depression, and cognitive therapy is the most widely investigated psychosocial treatment for depression. However, not all patients want to take medication, and cognitive therapy has not demonstrated consistent efficacy across trials. Moreover, dismantling designs have suggested that behavioral components may account for the efficacy of cognitive therapy. The present study tes…
Single-Photon Emission Computerized Tomography and Neurocognitive Function in Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to compare functional imaging under control and experimental conditions among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and healthy persons and to examine perceived and objective performance on a test of attention and working memory previously found to be difficult for persons with CFS. METHODS: Single-photon emission computerized tomography scans were completed on 15 subjects with CFS and 15 healthy …
Prospective Study of the Prognosis of Unexplained Chronic Fatigue in a Clinic-Based Cohort
OBJECTIVES: To determine prospective changes in clinical status related to chronic fatigue over an 18-month period, and to test demographic and clinical predictors of outcome. METHODS: A cohort of 100 patients with unexplained chronic fatigue (UCF), which encompasses both chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and idiopathic chronic fatigue (ICF), completed questionnaire measures and medical and psychiatric evaluations on four occasions, each six months …
Beliefs About Drinking Behavior Predict Drinking Consequences
Cognitions about drinking, such as positive expectancies and self-efficacy, have been found to profoundly influence drinking behavior. Although the relationship of self-efficacy and positive expectancies with drinking consumption has been established, the relationship of self-efficacy and alcohol expectancies with the number of reported drinking related consequences has not been examined. One hundred thirteen participants who met criteria for alc…
Chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome
A Twin Study of Chronic Fatigue
OBJECTIVE: The etiology of chronic fatigue syndrome is unknown, but genetic influences may be important in its expression. Our objective was to assess the role of genetic and environmental factors in unexplained chronic fatigue. METHODS: A classic twin study was conducted using 146 female-female twin pairs, of whom at least one member reported > or =6 months of fatigue. After completing questionnaires on symptoms, zygosity, physical health, and a…
Significant Other Responses Are Associated With Fatigue and Functional Status Among Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
OBJECTIVE: The predictive power of partners' responses to illness behavior for illness outcomes was investigated among couples in which one person had chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). METHODS: One hundred nineteen participants who met case-definition criteria for CFS and were living with a significant other (SO) completed self-report measures of relationship satisfaction, responses of their SO to fatigue symptoms, and outcome measures of fatigue a…
Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Dually-Diagnosed Patients
Substance abuse has been associated with cognitive dysfunction, such as problems with attention, reasoning, and memory. Certain psychiatric disorders also have been associated with cognitive difficulties, thus placing dually-diagnosed patients at high risk for cognitive impairment that could interfere with successful entry into or completion of therapy. Twenty-two dually-disordered inpatients were administered the Brief Readiness to Change Questi…
Cognitive functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome and depression
This study used a brief battery of neuropsychological measures to examine the performance of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) (N = 16) and patients in a major depressive episode (N = 23). The overall neuropsychological performance of the CFS group was not significantly different from depressed patients, and both groups scored within normal limits on most measures. Variability of neuropsychologic performance was in general unrelated to…
Recent developments in family behavioral marital therapy
Risk in a parent's eyes
Enhancing the Culture of Research Ethics on University Campuses
Longitudinal outcomes associated with significant other responses to chronic fatigue and pain
This study investigated significant others’ behavior associated with fatigue, pain, and mental health outcomes among 68 individuals with chronic fatigue (43% also had fibromyalgia) over 18 months. More negative significant others’ responses were associated with more pain, poorer physical and mental health, and more fatigue-related symptoms over time. More fibromyalgia tender points covaried with more solicitous significant others’ responses over …
Diversity statements
The purpose of the present study was to examine application materials for assistant professor positions in 3 academic disciplines. Applicants were asked to write a diversity statement describing how they would advance diversity through their research, teaching, and service. The sample included application materials submitted by 191 candidates for tenure-track faculty positions at a public research university in computer science, political science…
Defining diversity
A desirable societal goal may not imply a common understanding of that goal. As organizations seek to foster inclusion through a focus on diversity, understanding the operational definition employed by stakeholders becomes important. This study focuses on how candidates applying for employment address their diversity-related qualifications when specifically asked to do so. A model-driven qualitative coding system is used to characterize the diver…
An investigation of victimization and the clinical course of chronic fatigue syndrome
Medically unexplained syndromes, including chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), have been associated with victimization in childhood and adulthood. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of victimization experiences in childhood and adulthood with functional status and illness severity in a sample of patients with CFS using longitudinal data. In the sample of 93 patients with CFS, childhood abuse and neglect had greater impact than …
Risk in a parent's eyes
Risk in a parent's eyes
Recent developments in family behavioral marital therapy
Cognitive functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome and depression
This study used a brief battery of neuropsychological measures to examine the performance of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) (N = 16) and patients in a major depressive episode (N = 23). The overall neuropsychological performance of the CFS group was not significantly different from depressed patients, and both groups scored within normal limits on most measures. Variability of neuropsychologic performance was in general unrelated to…
Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Dually-Diagnosed Patients
Substance abuse has been associated with cognitive dysfunction, such as problems with attention, reasoning, and memory. Certain psychiatric disorders also have been associated with cognitive difficulties, thus placing dually-diagnosed patients at high risk for cognitive impairment that could interfere with successful entry into or completion of therapy. Twenty-two dually-disordered inpatients were administered the Brief Readiness to Change Questi…
Significant Other Responses Are Associated With Fatigue and Functional Status Among Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
OBJECTIVE: The predictive power of partners' responses to illness behavior for illness outcomes was investigated among couples in which one person had chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). METHODS: One hundred nineteen participants who met case-definition criteria for CFS and were living with a significant other (SO) completed self-report measures of relationship satisfaction, responses of their SO to fatigue symptoms, and outcome measures of fatigue a…
A Twin Study of Chronic Fatigue
OBJECTIVE: The etiology of chronic fatigue syndrome is unknown, but genetic influences may be important in its expression. Our objective was to assess the role of genetic and environmental factors in unexplained chronic fatigue. METHODS: A classic twin study was conducted using 146 female-female twin pairs, of whom at least one member reported > or =6 months of fatigue. After completing questionnaires on symptoms, zygosity, physical health, and a…
Chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome
Single-Photon Emission Computerized Tomography and Neurocognitive Function in Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to compare functional imaging under control and experimental conditions among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and healthy persons and to examine perceived and objective performance on a test of attention and working memory previously found to be difficult for persons with CFS. METHODS: Single-photon emission computerized tomography scans were completed on 15 subjects with CFS and 15 healthy …
Prospective Study of the Prognosis of Unexplained Chronic Fatigue in a Clinic-Based Cohort
OBJECTIVES: To determine prospective changes in clinical status related to chronic fatigue over an 18-month period, and to test demographic and clinical predictors of outcome. METHODS: A cohort of 100 patients with unexplained chronic fatigue (UCF), which encompasses both chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and idiopathic chronic fatigue (ICF), completed questionnaire measures and medical and psychiatric evaluations on four occasions, each six months …
Beliefs About Drinking Behavior Predict Drinking Consequences
Cognitions about drinking, such as positive expectancies and self-efficacy, have been found to profoundly influence drinking behavior. Although the relationship of self-efficacy and positive expectancies with drinking consumption has been established, the relationship of self-efficacy and alcohol expectancies with the number of reported drinking related consequences has not been examined. One hundred thirteen participants who met criteria for alc…
Randomized trial of behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, and antidepressant medication in the acute treatment of adults with major depression.
Antidepressant medication is considered the current standard for severe depression, and cognitive therapy is the most widely investigated psychosocial treatment for depression. However, not all patients want to take medication, and cognitive therapy has not demonstrated consistent efficacy across trials. Moreover, dismantling designs have suggested that behavioral components may account for the efficacy of cognitive therapy. The present study tes…
Enhancing the Culture of Research Ethics on University Campuses
Change in Airflow among Patients with Asthma Discussing Relationship Problems with Their Partners
This study examined the covariation of negative emotions with airflow among 48 persons with asthma and their partners as they discussed relationship problems. Measures included self-reported questionnaires, airflow and behavior coded from videotaped discussions. Significantly increased self-reported hostility and statistically but not clinically significant declines in airflow were found post- versus pre-discussion. Self-reported responses to ast…
An investigation of victimization and the clinical course of chronic fatigue syndrome
Medically unexplained syndromes, including chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), have been associated with victimization in childhood and adulthood. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of victimization experiences in childhood and adulthood with functional status and illness severity in a sample of patients with CFS using longitudinal data. In the sample of 93 patients with CFS, childhood abuse and neglect had greater impact than …
Asthma
Global asthma prevalence has increased dramatically in recent decades, despite advances in our understanding of the complexities that characterize this illness and in our treatment of it. The goals of asthma treatment are control and reduced impairment; achieving these goals is hindered by lack of provider adherence to evaluation and treatment standards and by patient perceptions, beliefs, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and self-management behav…
Diversity statements
The purpose of the present study was to examine application materials for assistant professor positions in 3 academic disciplines. Applicants were asked to write a diversity statement describing how they would advance diversity through their research, teaching, and service. The sample included application materials submitted by 191 candidates for tenure-track faculty positions at a public research university in computer science, political science…
Neurocognitive complaints and functional status among patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia
The privilege and burden of peer review
Ethnic minority reviewers were significantly less likely to refuse a review request than ethnic majority reviewers. Results are discussed in terms of perceived pressure to demonstrate scholastic impact and the disproportionate service burden often borne by ethnic minority psychologists
Defining diversity
A desirable societal goal may not imply a common understanding of that goal. As organizations seek to foster inclusion through a focus on diversity, understanding the operational definition employed by stakeholders becomes important. This study focuses on how candidates applying for employment address their diversity-related qualifications when specifically asked to do so. A model-driven qualitative coding system is used to characterize the diver…
Longitudinal outcomes associated with significant other responses to chronic fatigue and pain
This study investigated significant others’ behavior associated with fatigue, pain, and mental health outcomes among 68 individuals with chronic fatigue (43% also had fibromyalgia) over 18 months. More negative significant others’ responses were associated with more pain, poorer physical and mental health, and more fatigue-related symptoms over time. More fibromyalgia tender points covaried with more solicitous significant others’ responses over …
Applicant responses to diversity selection criteria in academic staff position descriptions
Diversifying the academic staff may improve access and participation for underrepresented students; a policy of diversity selection criteria in academic staff position descriptions may advance this goal. This study examined applications to academic staff positions with diversity selection criteria to characterise applicants' responses to such criteria, and the diversity of applicant pools. The 454 applications to 11 research and teaching academic…
Negative life events and incident alcohol use disorders among ethnic minorities
The association of negative life events (NLEs) with incident alcohol use disorders (AUDs) was examined among Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites in the second wave of the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) among 3,679 participants without AUDs at the first wave. The number of past-year NLEs at NCS-2 was higher for Black than White participants, but the rates of incident AUDs did not differ by racial/ethnic group (14.2% among all participants). Past-year…
Grant Review Feedback
The primary goal of the peer review of research grant proposals is to evaluate their quality for the funding agency. An important secondary goal is to provide constructive feedback to applicants for their resubmissions. However, little is known about whether review feedback achieves this goal. In this paper, we present a multi-methods analysis of responses from grant applicants regarding their perceptions of the effectiveness and appropriateness …
A global context for population mental health
Dodge et al. (2024) outlined the gap between population mental health needs and the current capacity of the U.S. health care system to provide necessary services. We add international examples and a global perspective to their observations. Unlike some nations, the mental health needs in the United States occur in the context of privatized, for-profit health care. Nations that offer population-based mental health services may have achieved greate…
Psychology (20 works) · Medicine (17 works) · Psychiatry (15 works) · Chronic fatigue syndrome (9 works) · Clinical Psychology (9 works) · Clinical Psychology (9 works) · Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research (9 works) · Sociology (6 works) · Cognition (5 works) · Internal Medicine (5 works)