R Bush
Biographic Data
| ID | 16113 |
|---|---|
| NAME | R Bush |
| GIVEN NAMES | R |
| FAMILY NAME | Bush |
| SIGNATURE | BUSH R |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Leeds |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2829-551X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 83 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 326 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 83 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1952 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Empirical analysis of the links between China’s forest product imports and tropical forest loss
China’s forest product imports have surged over the past two decades, fueled by robust economic growth and an inadequate domestic timber supply. Many observers highlight the large and expanding trade volume as a significant driver of deforestation and forest degradation, especially in tropical regions. This research investigates the relationship between China’s imports of wood-based forest product and tropical forest loss. A positive relationship…
War
The climate emergency in Africa
represented the argument of Roco Hiraldo and Steffen Bhm's article, 'Conservation, peasants and class: critical reflections on the political economy of climate change strategies in West Senegal'.The erroneous passage has been replaced by the following description: Drawing on a West Senegalese case study of nature-based tourism (NBT) and mangrove reforestation payment for ecosystems service projects (PES), Hiraldo and Bhm show how the development …
Imperialism and Africa
Imperialism and AfricaIt is an irony of history that coercion, which is so effective that it can afford to be silent, is scarcely recognised as such; it is only on occasions when its effectiveness is diminished to a point where it has to come out in the ugliest of colours that its reality begins to strike us.The deafening silence about imperialism is thus a reflection of the extraordinary strength and vigour it is displaying at present.Prabhat Pa…
Land and small farmer resistance in authoritarian Egypt
This article examines small farmer resistance in Egypt. It situates contemporary struggles in the context of the uneven success of small farmers' historical resistance to land dispossession and neoliberal reform. Struggles over land are the prime driver of rural conflict and small farmers contest state strategies that reward local elites, land owners, and supporters of the military regime. There may not be a coherent social movement able to resis…
Africa Development
The climate emergency in Africa
The world's political leaders gathered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from 30 November to 12 December 2023 for COP28the latest United Nations Climate Change Conference.The conferences have long been critiqued for their failure to introduce systemic change in the face of the climate crisis, but COP28 has plumbed new depths for the abundance of fossil fuels lobbyists and representatives of the global food and agricultural sector in attendance.The …
North Africa: The climate emergency and family farming
This article examines recent international financial institution and national government policy in North Africa intended to address the climate emergency. It focuses on the role of the World Bank and general policy trends since the 1970s. These policy trends fail to understand the continuing centrality of small-scale family farming to social reproduction and food production. The article stresses the significance of historical patterns of underdev…
The Uncomfortable SubjectSituating Cultural Relativism and Conservative Movements in Indonesia
sense of rejection toward other groups, whether based on ethnicity, religion, or any other identity markers, has always been a delicate matter for an anthropologist. Departing from the premise of cultural relativism, anthropologists are trained to empathize with their research subjects. However, similar empathy could not easily be exercised to research subjects whose conservative views contradict cultural relativism. The dilemma might explain why…
Africa: A Political Economy of Continued Crisis
This article deepens critique of the Africa rising trope and the policies promoted by neo liberals to promote development on the continent. It revisits the economic growth literature and it shows how the weakly formulated views about African growth are merely self serving of limited, mostly western, investment interests that remain centred on extractive economies rather than helping to promote sustainable structural transformation with added valu…
Egypt under military rule
Thousands of mainly young Egyptians took to the streets of Cairo and Egypt’s provincial centres on 20 September 2019. They protested against the repressive regime of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
Exploring the relationships between local agrifood system resilience, multiple measures of development, and health in the Southern United States
Resilience has become an increasingly popular concept, with numerous frameworks to address a range of topics. Among other approaches, constructing domain-specific measures focused on the local level provides opportunities to explore the relationships between resilience and development concerns like inequality, poverty, health, and efforts to improve wellbeing. Informed by livelihoods, community capitals, and resilience literature, and using publi…
Africa: A Political Economy of Continued Crisis
This article deepens critique of the Africa rising trope and the policies promoted by neo liberals to promote development on the continent. It revisits the economic growth literature and it shows how the weakly formulated views about African growth are merely self serving of limited, mostly western, investment interests that remain centred on extractive economies rather than helping to promote sustainable structural transformation with added valu…
Radical political economy and industrialisation in Africa: Roape/Third World Network-Africa Connections workshop, held in Accra, Ghana, 13–14 November 2017
no abstract
Workers and thieves. Labor movements and popular uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt
Africa's land rush: Rural livelihoods and agrarian change
This collection of essays is the finest to be published on the broad debates of land grabbing in Africa. It covers empirically rich and diverse case studies. These are framed in an introduction of immense analytical heft that should be read by everyone who thinks they know what is often called in short hand the land grab in Africa. The books merit is that the authors of the case studies of Nigeria, Ghana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Ma…
Food Riots and Protest: Agrarian Modernizations and Structural Crises
Agrarian transformation in the Near East and North Africa: Influences from the work of Lionel Cliffe
This article explores the influences of the work of Lionel Cliffe in developing a radical rural political economy. A number of key themes in Cliffe’s work are reviewed in order to explore how they have helped to shape a view of rural development that is based, amongst other things, on listening to farmers and exploring why both government policy and often radical interventions fail to deliver the promises of improvements to rural conditions of ex…
The Book in Africa: Critical Debates
This essay is about the ways in which successive Lozi thinkers turned the potentialities of the book to political work and appropriated them with a view to advancing specific understandings of Lozi identity. It will begin by placing the origins of Lozi historical literature in the context of the colonial encounter between the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century. The argument will be advanced that Litaba tsa Sechaba sa…
New African development
This anniversary issue of the Review of African Political Economy (ROAPE) revisits the prospects for development in Africa. The theme is as prominent today as it was in 1974. However one discusses
An interview with Samir Amin
Samir Amin was a contributor to the first issue of Review of African Political Economy (Amin 1974). He is a militant Marxist economist who has published more than 30 books including the path-breaki
The revolution in permanence
Coalitions for Dispossession and Networks of Resistance? Land, Politics and Agrarian Reform in Egypt
This contribution examines the ways in which land is politicised in Egypt. It argues that it is part of a broader process of accumulation by dispossession in the Middle East. Agricultural reform in Egypt has promoted the interests of a particular political coalition of the erstwhile ruling National Democratic Party (NDP). Dispossession has also, however, led to the emergence of political networks of resistance. They are fluid in their composition…
Humanitarian imperialism
Egypt: A permanent revolution
Food Riots: Poverty, Power and Protest1
This paper explores the phenomenon of food riots. It argues that the riots may have been triggered by spikes in food prices in 2007-8, but there were many other factors that underpinned them. Demonstrators challenged injustice, inequality and political repression. Food riots were part of an important groundswell of mobilization that brought together a wide range of political coalitions for change and the promotion of human dignity
Agrarian policy in migrant labour societies: Reform or transformation in Zimbabwe
This paper deals with one basic problem that southern African countries will have to face in any transformation of their agriculture: if these societies are ‘labour reserves’ can they be easily transformed so as to eliminate labour migration. Zimbabwe seems to have an official policy of ending ‘divided families’ by pushing some into being unambiguously working class families with no land and others into a settled, non‐migratory peasantry. Thus fo…
Mining in Africa: Regulation and development
The continent of Africa is rich in minerals needed by Western economies. Yet the mining industry contributes very little to African development. Investigating the impact of the 2003 Extractive Industries Review on a number of African countries, the contributors find that a key dimension of the problem lies in the regulatory frameworks imposed on African countries by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. They aim to convince academic…
Poverty and Neoliberalism: Persistence and Reproduction in the Global South
Introduction 1. Framing Poverty and Neo-Liberalism: The Middle East and North Africa 2. Commissioning Africa for Globalisation: Blair and the G8's Project for the World Poor 3. Labour Across Frontier? Capitalism's Struggle for Profit and Order 4 Land Poverty and Politics 5 Wealth and Poverty: Mining and the Curse of Resources? 6 Securing Food and Famine 7 Resisting Poverty and Neo-Liberalism Notes Index
Food Riots and Protest: Agrarian Modernizations and Structural Crises
Politics, power and poverty: Twenty years of agricultural reform and market liberalisation in Egypt
This article examines the character of economic liberalisation in Egypt's countryside. It focuses on the impact that reform has had on historic struggles for rights and security for Egypt's fellahin. The erosion of rights, the hiking of land prices and the failure to promote rural development that embraces the knowledge, skills and expertise of Egypt's smallholders is an indictment of Mubarak's five terms as president: it will leave a heritage of…
The accumulation of dispossession
Eleven years ago, this journal published a special issue on ‘The Struggle for Land’ in Africa (volume 27, issue 84, June 2000). Its focus was on struggles over access to land and land rights, probi
Coalitions for Dispossession and Networks of Resistance? Land, Politics and Agrarian Reform in Egypt
This contribution examines the ways in which land is politicised in Egypt. It argues that it is part of a broader process of accumulation by dispossession in the Middle East. Agricultural reform in Egypt has promoted the interests of a particular political coalition of the erstwhile ruling National Democratic Party (NDP). Dispossession has also, however, led to the emergence of political networks of resistance. They are fluid in their composition…
The Book in Africa: Critical Debates
This essay is about the ways in which successive Lozi thinkers turned the potentialities of the book to political work and appropriated them with a view to advancing specific understandings of Lozi identity. It will begin by placing the origins of Lozi historical literature in the context of the colonial encounter between the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century. The argument will be advanced that Litaba tsa Sechaba sa…
An interview with Samir Amin
Samir Amin was a contributor to the first issue of Review of African Political Economy (Amin 1974). He is a militant Marxist economist who has published more than 30 books including the path-breaki
An agricultural strategy without farmers: Egypt's countryside in the New Millennium
This article argues that Egypt's countryside is at a turning point. The economic reforms have not delivered the intended improvements in production and yet there is little indication that the Government of Egypt (GoE) will manage to work with the IFIs to promote an alternative economic adjustment. The reforms began in Egypt's agricultural sector in the mid‐1980s and were eventually matched in 1991 by an economic reform and structural adjustment p…
Humanitarian imperialism
Scrambling to the Bottom? Mining, Resources & Underdevelopment
The 21st century race for resources and territory has simultaneously induced cries of optimism from donors and the international agencies, but there is despair from critics and many on the continen
Zimbabwe out in the cold
(2003). Zimbabwe out in the cold? Review of African Political Economy: Vol. 30, No. 98, pp. 535-537
Radical political economy and industrialisation in Africa: Roape/Third World Network-Africa Connections workshop, held in Accra, Ghana, 13–14 November 2017
no abstract
Workers and thieves. Labor movements and popular uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt
Poverty and Neo-Liberal Bias in the Middle East and North Africa
This article examines the definition of poverty and the evidential base for the claims that the region of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has historically low levels of poverty and relatively good levels of income distribution. It argues that the dominant trend in the literature on poverty in the global south in general, and in MENA in particular, has a neo-classical bias. Amongst other things, that bias fails to understand that poverty d…
Exploring the relationships between local agrifood system resilience, multiple measures of development, and health in the Southern United States
Resilience has become an increasingly popular concept, with numerous frameworks to address a range of topics. Among other approaches, constructing domain-specific measures focused on the local level provides opportunities to explore the relationships between resilience and development concerns like inequality, poverty, health, and efforts to improve wellbeing. Informed by livelihoods, community capitals, and resilience literature, and using publi…
Commentary: ‘Globalization’ & the regulation of Africa
This issue of the Roape Review of Books brings together a number of critical analyses of the impact of various aspects of so-called 'globalization' on Africa's political and economic crises.In different ways and through different themes, these papers explore ways in which the ideas and institutions of international capital are being imposed on understanding and practice -and the difficulties they are experiencing in imposing their writ.The studie…
Imperialism and Africa
Imperialism and AfricaIt is an irony of history that coercion, which is so effective that it can afford to be silent, is scarcely recognised as such; it is only on occasions when its effectiveness is diminished to a point where it has to come out in the ugliest of colours that its reality begins to strike us.The deafening silence about imperialism is thus a reflection of the extraordinary strength and vigour it is displaying at present.Prabhat Pa…
New African development
This anniversary issue of the Review of African Political Economy (ROAPE) revisits the prospects for development in Africa. The theme is as prominent today as it was in 1974. However one discusses
Undermining Africa
Economic Crisis and the Politics of Reform in Egypt
ECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT Ray Bush. Economic Crisis and the Politics of Reform in Egypt. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1999. xv + 184 pp. Tables. Figures. References. Index. $55.00. Cloth. Economic Crisis and the Politics of Reform in Egypt is simply dazzling. In this book, Ray Bush provides us with an innovative approach for looking at the economic crisis not only in Egypt, but in other developing countries as well. By placing the small fanner…
The politics of food and starvation
This article evaluates the persistence of famine and hunger in Africa. It assesses Africa's food crisis and traces some of the key debates on famine and starvation since the 1970s. It examines the continuity and change in those debates and argues that many of the recent insights into the ways in which food systems may become vulnerable to famine can be provided by an assessment of the political struggles involved in agricultural modernisation
Commentary: Taking leave of the twentieth century
A year ago, in ROAPE 60, we observed that the debt crisis provoked a deep pessimism about the prospects for African economic development in the immediate future. While the development process has been characterised historically by alternating waves of optimism and pessimism, the enormity of debt servitude and the ideology of debt management which structured the approach of the international financial institutions made the present conjuncture part…
Stimulus generalization after extinction and punishment: An Experimental Study of Displacement
Steel: The South African connection
Prepared for a November 1982 UN/ Sheffield City Council conference on Transnationals and South Africa, this paper shows how British dependence on apartheid's 'strategic raw materials' is avoidable and trade sanctions would sustain rather than destroy UK steel jobs
Agrarian policy in migrant labour societies: Reform or transformation in Zimbabwe
This paper deals with one basic problem that southern African countries will have to face in any transformation of their agriculture: if these societies are ‘labour reserves’ can they be easily transformed so as to eliminate labour migration. Zimbabwe seems to have an official policy of ending ‘divided families’ by pushing some into being unambiguously working class families with no land and others into a settled, non‐migratory peasantry. Thus fo…
Drought and famines
(1985). Drought and famines. Review of African Political Economy: Vol. 12, No. 33, pp. 59-63
Dependence and Collective Self Reliance in southern Africa: The Case of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC)
Journal Article Dependence and Collective Self Reliance in southern Africa: The Case of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) Get access Dependence and Collective Self Reliance in southern Africa: The Case of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) by Arne Tostensen. Research Report Number 62, Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, Uppsala, 1982. 170pp. map, tables. RAY BUSH RAY BUSH Univers…
Reform of Apartheid and Continued Destabilisation in Southern Africa
Continuous pressure against the South African Government has led to what previously seemed unthinkable: the reform of apartheid. Strikes from 1973 onwards, the Soweto revolt in 1976, the increasing resistance from school and consumer boycotts, the strengthening black trade-union movement and mass political organisations, and the unceasing campaign by the African National Congress, have led the State President, P. W. Botha, to declare in early 198…
Beggar Your Neighbours: Apartheid Power in Southern Africa
Beggar Your Neighbours: Apartheid Power in Southern Africa Beggar Your Neighbours: Apartheid Power in Southern Africa, by Joseph Hanlon. Catholic Institute for International Relations, in collaboration with James Currey and Indiana University Press, London and Bloomington, Indiana, 1986. xi+352 pp. £25.00 hardback, £8.95 paperback. ISBN 085255 307 2 and 0 85255 305 6. Apartheid's Second Front: South Africa's War Against Its Neighbours, by Joseph …
The World Order: Socialist Perspectives
Hunger in Sudan: The Case of Darfur
Journal Article HUNGER IN SUDAN: THE CASE OF DARFUR Get access RAY BUSH RAY BUSH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 87, Issue 346, January 1988, Pages 5–23, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098011 Published: 01 January 1988
The Namibian election process: Just about ‘free and fair’
Coping With Africa's Food Crisis
Journal Article Coping With Africa's Food Crisis Get access Coping With Africa's Food Crisis, edited by Naomi Chazan and Timothy Shaw. Lynne Reinner Publishers, Boulder, Co., 1988. xi + 250 pp. $26.50 hardback. ISBN 0 931477 84 0. RAY BUSH RAY BUSH University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 88, Issue 352, July 1989, Pages 447–449, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afra…
Famine That Kills, Darfur, Sudan 1984–1985
Journal Article Famine That Kills, Darfur, Sudan 1984–1985 Get access Famine That Kills, Darfur, Sudan 1984–1985, by Alexander de Waal. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1989. £35.00 hardback, £14.95 paperback. 258 pp. ISBN 0 19 827349 5 and 0 19 827749 0. RAY BUSH RAY BUSH University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 89, Issue 357, October 1990, Pages 591–592, https://doi.org/10.1093…
The struggle for resources in Africa
This issue examines aspects of the allocation of resources in Africa. Few problems could be more central to the future of a continent where political and economic crisis persists. A generation after the formal end of colonialism and the inception of the 'decade of development' in the 1960s, Africa continues to struggle for control of its resources and their development. In many ways, the struggle does not go well. For over a century, the idea of …
Adjustment in Egypt? The political economy of reform
This article examines the nature of structural adjustment in Egypt. It situates the policies of the International Financial Institutions within the context of Egypt's economic and political crisis and the efficacy of their policies of liberalisation in agriculture and for economic growth. The IFIs are promoting policies for rolling back the state but they are not addressing issues of ‘good governance’ and democratisation. It is tempting to conclu…
Commentary: States, markets and Africa's crisis
With this edition ROAPE moves to publishing four issues a year. It is hoped that this extra issue will be an annual 'review of books', focused on various aspects of African research. In part, this will permit us each year to provide readers with notes and listings of current activities and publications - we are particularly pleased to be able to restore Chris Allen's Current Africana to our pages after far too long an absence. In part, too, it wi…
Crisis in Egypt: Structural Adjustment, Food Security and the Politics of Usaid
Book notes
Academic Freedom in Africa by Mamadou Diouf & Mahmood Mamdani, Codesria, 1994. Senegal: Essays in Statecraft by Momar Coumba Diop (ed), Codesria, 1993. Social Construction of the Past: Representation as Power by George C Bond and Angela Gilliam (eds), Routledge, 1994. Conflict Transformation by Kumar Rupesinghe (ed), St. Martin's Press, 1995. Trade and Industrial Policies in the New South Africa by Lena Moritz, Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Research…
Coping with adjustment and economic crisis in Egypt's countryside
There are two strategic silences in the debates relating to economic liberalisation in Egypt and especially to the current agricultural strategy. These refer to the role of the peasantry or fellahin and to the position of women. Little is being said about the effect of the economic crisis on Egypt's rural producers and the rural households where women are enduring the most harsh consequences of structural adjustment. Despite a Social Fund for Dev…
Commentary: Taking leave of the twentieth century
A year ago, in ROAPE 60, we observed that the debt crisis provoked a deep pessimism about the prospects for African economic development in the immediate future. While the development process has been characterised historically by alternating waves of optimism and pessimism, the enormity of debt servitude and the ideology of debt management which structured the approach of the international financial institutions made the present conjuncture part…
The politics of food and starvation
This article evaluates the persistence of famine and hunger in Africa. It assesses Africa's food crisis and traces some of the key debates on famine and starvation since the 1970s. It examines the continuity and change in those debates and argues that many of the recent insights into the ways in which food systems may become vulnerable to famine can be provided by an assessment of the political struggles involved in agricultural modernisation
Book notes
Collapsed States: the Disintegration and Restoration of Legitimate Authority by William Zartman (ed) (1995), Lynne Reinner. ISBN 1-55587-518-1,1-55587-560-2. The Reality of Aid 95 , Earthscan 1995, ISBN 1 85383 292 8. Women in Micro- and Small-scale Enterprise Development by L Dignard, L & J Havet (eds) (1995), Westview Press and IT Publications. ISBN 0-8133-8894-5. Development Studies: A Reader by S Corbridge (ed) (1995), Edward Arnold. ISBN 0 3…
Reference Reviews
Book notes
The Eritrean Struggle for Independence: Domination, resistance, nationalism 1941 ‐ 1993 by Ruth Iyob; Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. xvi + 198.Reviewed by John Markakis From Colonisation to Democracy: A New Historical Geography of South Africa by Alan Lester (1996), London: I B Tauris. The Political Economy of South Africa: From Minerals‐Energy Complex to Industrialisation by Ben Fine and Zavareh Rustomjee (1996), London: Hurst & Co…
Book notes
Agenda for Africa's Economic Renewal , (1996), edited by Benno Ndulu and Nicolas van de Walle, Overseas Development Council, Washington: Transaction Publishers. The Politics of Difference: Ethnic Premises in a World of Power (1996), edited by Edwin N. Wilson and Patrick McAllister, University of Chicago Press. Decolonisation and African Society: the Labor Question in French and British Africa (1996) by Frederick Cooper, Cambridge University Press…
Africa's environmental crisis: Challenging the orthodoxies
It is almost ten years since the Review focused on Africa's environment. In 1988 (No. 42) the issues which were examined in particular were drought, toxic waste dumping and the green revolution. The concern was to counter conservationist discourse which 'framed the problems in terms of population growth surpassing national resources and herds outstripping the land's carrying capacity' (No. 42:1). And the concern was to rebuff the policy implicati…
Political science (75 works) · Economics (50 works) · Law (46 works) · Politics (40 works) · Law (37 works) · Political economy (35 works) · Development economics (34 works) · Sociology (34 works) · Geography (21 works) · Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development (17 works)