Frederick J Zimmerman
Biographic Data
| ID | 1724451 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Frederick J Zimmerman |
| GIVEN NAMES | Frederick J |
| FAMILY NAME | Zimmerman |
| SIGNATURE | ZIMMERMAN F J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Washington |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4163-9893 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 54 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 309 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 54 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2000 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Pursuing healthy homeownership: An evaluation of the neighborhood health trajectories of shared equity homeowners
Households entering shared equity homeownership avoid the sacrifices in neighborhood walkability and food access that are associated with moving into traditional homeownership, but they experience increased neighborhood socio-economic vulnerability. While understanding the net impact of these factors on individual and household health requires further study, these results can inform the siting and design of shared equity homeownership units to ma…
Trends and structural factors affecting health equity in the United States at the local level, 1990–2019
Health equity is fundamental to improving the health of populations, but in recent decades progress towards this goal has been mixed. To better support this mission, a deeper understanding of the local heterogeneity within population-level health equity is vital. This analysis presents trends in average health and health equity in the United States at the local level from 1990 to 2019 using three different health outcomes: mortality, self-reporte…
Association of neighborhood gentrification and residential moves with hypertension and diabetes control in Los Angeles County, 2014–2019: A retrospective cohort study
Gentrification may support-or at least not harm-cardiometabolic health for some residents. City leaders and health systems could partner with impacted communities to ensure that neighborhood development meets the goals and health needs of all residents and does not exacerbate health disparities
The Child and Adolescent Thriving Index 1.0: Developing a Measure of the Outcome Indicators of Well-Being for Population Health Assessment
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12187-022-09962-0
A symphony within: Frequent participation in performing arts predicts higher positive mental health in young adults
Trends in health equity in mortality in the United States, 1969–2019
The US is failing to advance health equity, especially for adults. Keeping policy-makers accountable to a summary measure of health equity may help coordinate efforts at improving population health
Firearm laws and the network of firearm movement among US states
Restrictive state-level firearm policies are associated with less movement of firearms to other states, but with more movement of firearms from outside states. The effectiveness of state-level firearm-restricting laws is complicated by a network of interstate firearm movement
Trends in Health Equity Among Children in the United States, 1997–2018
Progress on health equity requires accountability to an objective metric. This analysis suggests some improvement over the past two decades, although these gains are under threat from potential decreases in government spending on programs affecting children and the COVID-19 pandemic
Less Health Care, More Health: The Inverse U of Medical Spending and Health in the United States
Less Health Care, More Health: The Inverse U of Medical Spending and Health in the United States Frederick J. Zimmerman PhD Affiliation Frederick J. Zimmerman is with the Center for Health Advancement and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles.CopyRightCorrespondence should be sent to Frederick J. Zimmerman, Fielding School of Public Health, Box 951772, UCLA, Los Ang…
Examining the association of changes in minimum wage with health across race/ethnicity and gender in the United States
While there is enthusiasm for minimum wage increases in the public health community, such increases may have to be paired with deliberate strategies to protect workers that might be vulnerable to economic dislocation. Such strategies may include more robust unemployment insurance or increased access to job training for displaced workers
Medicaid work requirements: A really bad idea for increasing employment
In January of 2018 the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) announced that it would be granting waivers to states to impose either work or community engagement requirements on non-disabled, working-age Medicaid beneficiaries, based on the idea that such requirements would ‘promote better mental, physical, and emotional health’ and help families ‘rise out of poverty and attain independence'.1 To date, four states have approved waivers …
The opportunity cost of pharmaceutical price increases: Improving health by investing in education
A federal law prohibits the US Government from negotiating pharmaceutical prices. This law comes with an opportunity cost: resources spent on unnecessarily highly priced drugs cannot be spent on other social goals. To calculate the opportunity cost of this spending, this analysis first identified a proxy for unnecessarily high pharmaceutical spending. We then estimated the value of the outcomes which this money would produce if invested in an alt…
Early Child Development, Residential Crowding, and Commute Time in 8 US States, 2010–2017
Objectives. To examine relationships of residential crowding and commute time with early child development. Methods. We used the Early Development Instrument (EDI), a teacher-reported, population-health measure of child development. The sample included child-level observations spanning 8 US states from 2010 to 2017 (n = 185 012), aggregated to the census tract (n= 2793), stratified by percentage of households in poverty. To test the association o…
Advancing Health Equity: Facilitating Action on the Social Determinants of Health Among Public Health Departments
"Advancing Health Equity: Facilitating Action on the Social Determinants of Health Among Public Health Departments." , 108(6), pp. 737–738
Public Health Autonomy: A Critical Reappraisal
The ethical principle of autonomy is among the most fundamental in ethics, and it is particularly salient for those in public health, who must constantly balance the desire to improve health outcomes by changing behavior with respect for individual freedom. Although there are some areas in which there is a genuine tension between public health and autonomy—childhood vaccine mandates, for example—there are many more areas where not only is there n…
Public health and the economy could be served by reallocating medical expenditures to social programs
As much as 30% of US health care spending in the United States does not improve individual or population health. To a large extent this excess spending results from prices that are too high and from administrative waste. In the public sector, and particularly at the state level, where budget constraints are severe and reluctance to raise taxes high, this spending crowds out social, educational, and public-health investments. Over time, as spendin…
A Smartphone Application to Reduce Time-to-Notification of Sexually Transmitted Infections
Objectives. To measure whether the implementation of Healthvana—an online patient engagement platform and smartphone application—reduced the number of days between sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, notification, and treatment at AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Wellness Centers. Methods. We analyzed the retrospective data for 917 male clients who tested positive and received treatment for chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis between Janu…
Subjective Social Status and Self-Reported Health Among US-born and Immigrant Latinos
Children's Reasoning about Poverty, Economic Mobility, and Helping Behavior: Results of a Curriculum Intervention in the Early School Years
This study evaluated the efficacy of an inquiry‐based poverty curriculum unit on students’ beliefs about causes of poverty, economic mobility, and helping behaviors. Participants were 89 kindergarten, first‐ and second‐grade students (mean age = 6.81 years, SD = .93) across two intervention and two control classrooms. Students in intervention classrooms participated in a 5‐ to 7‐week curriculum unit focused on poverty. Preintervention results sho…
Increasing public support for food-industry related, obesity prevention policies: The role of a taste-engineering frame and contextualized values
Weighing In: The Taste-Engineering Frame in Obesity Expert Discourse
Objectives. We sought expert opinion on the problems with 2 dominant obesity-prevention discourse frames—personal responsibility and the environment—and examined alternative frames for understanding and addressing obesity. Methods. We conducted 60-minute, semistructured interviews with 15 US-based obesity experts. We manually coded and entered interview transcripts into software, generating themes and subthematic areas that captured the debate’s …
The effects of food advertising and cognitive load on food choices
Televised food advertising has strong effects on individual food choice, and these effects are magnified when individuals are cognitively occupied by other tasks
Where’s the beef? A comment on Ferguson and Donnellan (2014)
To make a scientific contribution, a reanalysis must be firmly rooted in the identification of a clearly superior methodological innovation over the original research. By contrast, a reanalysis rooted in dissatisfaction with previous results will necessarily be biased and can only obscure scientific discoveries. The reanalysis published by Ferguson and Donnellan (2014) began with a highly selective literature review, failed to justify its methodo…
Impact of Different Policies on Unhealthy Dietary Behaviors in an Urban Adult Population: An Agent-Based Simulation Model
Objectives. Unhealthy eating is a complex-system problem. We used agent-based modeling to examine the effects of different policies on unhealthy eating behaviors. Methods. We developed an agent-based simulation model to represent a synthetic population of adults in Pasadena, CA, and how they make dietary decisions. Data from the 2007 Food Attitudes and Behaviors Survey and other empirical studies were used to calibrate the parameters of the model…
Outdoor advertising, obesity, and soda consumption: A cross-sectional study
There is a relationship between the percentage of outdoor food advertising and overweight/obesity
Asset smoothing, consumption smoothing and the reproduction of inequality under risk and subsistence constraints
Birth outcomes among urban African-American women: A multilevel analysis of the role of racial residential segregation
Associations of Television Content Type and Obesity in Children
Objectives. We tested the associations of content types of children's television viewing with subsequent body mass index (BMI) to assess the plausibility of different causal pathways. Methods. We used time-use diary data from the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics to measure television viewing categorized by format and educational and commercial content. Analyses were stratified by age because children younger than 7 years are less able to understan…
The dynamic cost and persistence of asset inequality in an agrarian economy
Associations Between Residential Segregation and Smoking During Pregnancy Among Urban African-American Women
Bigger bodies: Long-term trends and disparities in obesity and body-mass index among U.S. adults, 1960–2008
Income inequality and physical and mental health: Testing associations consistent with proposed causal pathways
Objectives: To test associations between individual health outcomes and ecological variables proposed in causal models of relations between income inequality and health. Design: Regression analysis of a large, nationally representative dataset, linked to US census and other county and state level sources of data on ecological covariates. The regressions control for individual economic and demographic covariates as well as relevant potential ecolo…
Occupational Injury and Absence From Work Among African American, Hispanic, and Non-Hispanic White Workers in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
Objectives. We examined how race and ethnicity influence injury and illness risk and number of days of work missed as a result of injury or illness. Methods. We fit logistic regression and negative binomial regression models using generalized estimating equations with data from 1988 to 2000 on currently employed African American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White participants in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Results. Occupational fact…
Barriers to Participation of the Poor in South Africa’s Land Redistribution
Habit, custom, and power: A multi-level theory of population health
Tinker, tailor, soldier, patient: Work Attributes and Depression Disparities Among Young Adults
Increasing public support for food-industry related, obesity prevention policies: The role of a taste-engineering frame and contextualized values
Associations Between Minimum Wage Policy and Access to Health Care: Evidence From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1996–2007
Objectives. We examined whether minimum wage policy is associated with access to medical care among low-skilled workers in the United States. Methods. We used multilevel logistic regression to analyze a data set consisting of individual-level indicators of uninsurance and unmet medical need from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and state-level ecological controls from the US Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and several other sour…
Children's Reasoning about Poverty, Economic Mobility, and Helping Behavior: Results of a Curriculum Intervention in the Early School Years
This study evaluated the efficacy of an inquiry‐based poverty curriculum unit on students’ beliefs about causes of poverty, economic mobility, and helping behaviors. Participants were 89 kindergarten, first‐ and second‐grade students (mean age = 6.81 years, SD = .93) across two intervention and two control classrooms. Students in intervention classrooms participated in a 5‐ to 7‐week curriculum unit focused on poverty. Preintervention results sho…
Early Child Development, Residential Crowding, and Commute Time in 8 US States, 2010–2017
Objectives. To examine relationships of residential crowding and commute time with early child development. Methods. We used the Early Development Instrument (EDI), a teacher-reported, population-health measure of child development. The sample included child-level observations spanning 8 US states from 2010 to 2017 (n = 185 012), aggregated to the census tract (n= 2793), stratified by percentage of households in poverty. To test the association o…
Weighing In: The Taste-Engineering Frame in Obesity Expert Discourse
Objectives. We sought expert opinion on the problems with 2 dominant obesity-prevention discourse frames—personal responsibility and the environment—and examined alternative frames for understanding and addressing obesity. Methods. We conducted 60-minute, semistructured interviews with 15 US-based obesity experts. We manually coded and entered interview transcripts into software, generating themes and subthematic areas that captured the debate’s …
A symphony within: Frequent participation in performing arts predicts higher positive mental health in young adults
Race/Ethnicity and the Relationship Between Homeownership and Health
Objectives. We investigated whether race/ethnicity moderates the association between homeownership and health and whether this association is the same for racial/ethnic minorities as for non-Latino Whites. Methods. With data on US-born Latinos, African Americans, and non-Latino Whites from the 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2009 California Health Interview Survey, we used weighted multivariate regression techniques in fully adjusted models, controlling fo…
Young Children and Media: Limitations of Current Knowledge and Future Directions for Research
Although television viewing has been a normative activity for 50 years, the rise of infant viewing is a relatively recent phenomenon. The American Academy of Pediatrics discourages TV viewing in the first two years of life. The scientific evidence base supporting this recommendation has been meager but is growing. This article reviews the limitations of our current knowledge and argues in favor of additional focused research on media's effects on…
Association of neighborhood gentrification and residential moves with hypertension and diabetes control in Los Angeles County, 2014–2019: A retrospective cohort study
Gentrification may support-or at least not harm-cardiometabolic health for some residents. City leaders and health systems could partner with impacted communities to ensure that neighborhood development meets the goals and health needs of all residents and does not exacerbate health disparities
Less Health Care, More Health: The Inverse U of Medical Spending and Health in the United States
Less Health Care, More Health: The Inverse U of Medical Spending and Health in the United States Frederick J. Zimmerman PhD Affiliation Frederick J. Zimmerman is with the Center for Health Advancement and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles.CopyRightCorrespondence should be sent to Frederick J. Zimmerman, Fielding School of Public Health, Box 951772, UCLA, Los Ang…
Impact of Different Policies on Unhealthy Dietary Behaviors in an Urban Adult Population: An Agent-Based Simulation Model
Objectives. Unhealthy eating is a complex-system problem. We used agent-based modeling to examine the effects of different policies on unhealthy eating behaviors. Methods. We developed an agent-based simulation model to represent a synthetic population of adults in Pasadena, CA, and how they make dietary decisions. Data from the 2007 Food Attitudes and Behaviors Survey and other empirical studies were used to calibrate the parameters of the model…
Associations of occupational attributes and excessive drinking
Attitudes and Intentions of Future Health Care Providers Toward Abortion Provision
CONTEXT: Induced abortion is one of the most common procedures performed among women in the United States. However, 87% of all counties had no abortion provider in 2000, and little is known about the attitudes and intentions of future health care providers, including advanced clinical practitioners, regarding abortion provision. METHODS: During March 2002, first‐ and second‐year students in health sciences programs (i.e., medicine, physician assi…
Barriers to Participation of the Poor in South Africa’s Land Redistribution
The dynamic cost and persistence of asset inequality in an agrarian economy
Selection Bias in Prenatal Care Use by Medicaid Recipients
Asset smoothing, consumption smoothing and the reproduction of inequality under risk and subsistence constraints
Early Television Exposure and Subsequent Attentional Problems in Children
Objective. Cross-sectional research has suggested that television viewing may be associated with decreased attention spans in children. However, longitudinal data of early television exposure and subsequent attentional problems have been lacking. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that early television exposure (at ages 1 and 3) is associated with attentional problems at age 7. Methods. We used the National Longitudinal Survey…
Attitudes and Intentions of Future Health Care Providers Toward Abortion Provision
CONTEXT: Induced abortion is one of the most common procedures performed among women in the United States. However, 87% of all counties had no abortion provider in 2000, and little is known about the attitudes and intentions of future health care providers, including advanced clinical practitioners, regarding abortion provision. METHODS: During March 2002, first‐ and second‐year students in health sciences programs (i.e., medicine, physician assi…
Tinker, tailor, soldier, patient: Work Attributes and Depression Disparities Among Young Adults
Socioeconomic status, depression disparities, and financial strain: What lies behind the income‐depression relationship?
Prior studies have consistently found the incidence and persistence of depression to be higher among persons with low incomes, but causal mechanisms for this relationship are not well understood. This study uses the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort to test several hypotheses about the robustness of the depression–income relationship among adults. In regressions of depression symptoms on income and sociodemographic variables, inco…
Children’s Television Viewing and Cognitive Outcomes: A Longitudinal Analysis of National Data
OBJECTIVE: To test the independent effects of television viewing in children before age 3 years and at ages 3 to 5 years on several measures of cognitive outcomes at ages 6 and 7 years. DESIGN: Using data from a nationally representative data set, we regressed 4 measures of cognitive development at ages 6 and 7 years on television viewing before age 3 years and at ages 3 to 5 years, controlling for parental cognitive stimulation throughout early …
Occupational Injury and Absence From Work Among African American, Hispanic, and Non-Hispanic White Workers in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
Objectives. We examined how race and ethnicity influence injury and illness risk and number of days of work missed as a result of injury or illness. Methods. We fit logistic regression and negative binomial regression models using generalized estimating equations with data from 1988 to 2000 on currently employed African American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White participants in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Results. Occupational fact…
Income inequality and physical and mental health: Testing associations consistent with proposed causal pathways
Objectives: To test associations between individual health outcomes and ecological variables proposed in causal models of relations between income inequality and health. Design: Regression analysis of a large, nationally representative dataset, linked to US census and other county and state level sources of data on ecological covariates. The regressions control for individual economic and demographic covariates as well as relevant potential ecolo…
Birth outcomes among urban African-American women: A multilevel analysis of the role of racial residential segregation
Associations between Media Viewing and Language Development in Children Under Age 2 Years
Maternal Work and Birth Outcome Disparities
Associations Between Residential Segregation and Smoking During Pregnancy Among Urban African-American Women
Racial Disparities in Outcomes of Persons With Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
BACKGROUND: Although racial differences in hospital outcomes are well known for medical conditions (eg, cardiovascular disease), it is unknown whether differences exist for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). RESEARCH DESIGN: Using the National Trauma Data Bank, we examined racial and ethnic differences in hospital outcomes of 56,482 patients with moderate to severe TBI who were hospitalized in level I or II trauma-designated hospitals be…
Rural Trauma: Is Trauma Designation Associated With Better Hospital Outcomes
Context: While trauma designation has been associated with lower risk of death in large urban settings, relatively little attention has been given to this issue in small rural hospitals. Purpose: To examine factors related to in‐hospital mortality and delayed transfer in small rural hospitals with and without trauma designation. Methods: Analysis of data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for discharges between 1998 and 2003 of patients hospita…
A commentary on “Neo-materialist theory and the temporal relationship between income inequality and longevity change”
The Role of Hospital Profit Status in Pediatric Spleen Injury Management
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that over 90% of pediatric splenic injuries can be successfully managed nonoperatively. Although pediatric hospitals have rapidly adopted nonoperative management, variability exists among other types of hospitals. OBJECTIVES: We tested 2 a priori hypotheses: (1) spleen-injured children are more likely to receive splenectomy in for-profit hospitals than in not-for-profit hospitals; and (2) hospital charges for spleen …
Teaching by Listening: The Importance of Adult-Child Conversations to Language Development
OBJECTIVE: To test the independent association of adult language input, television viewing, and adult-child conversations on language acquisition among infants and toddlers. METHODS: Two hundred seventy-five families of children aged 2 to 48 months who were representative of the US census were enrolled in a cross-sectional study of the home language environment and child language development (phase 1). Of these, a representative sample of 71 fami…
Audible Television and Decreased Adult Words, Infant Vocalizations, and Conversational Turns: A Population-Based Study
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that audible television is associated with decreased parent and child interactions. DESIGN: Prospective, population-based observational study. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred twenty-nine 2- to 48-month-old children. MAIN EXPOSURES: Audible television. Children wore a digital recorder on random days for up to 24 months. A software program incorporating automatic speech-identification technology pro…
Correlates of Pre-Pregnancy Physical Inactivity: Results from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System
Young Children and Media: Limitations of Current Knowledge and Future Directions for Research
Although television viewing has been a normative activity for 50 years, the rise of infant viewing is a relatively recent phenomenon. The American Academy of Pediatrics discourages TV viewing in the first two years of life. The scientific evidence base supporting this recommendation has been meager but is growing. This article reviews the limitations of our current knowledge and argues in favor of additional focused research on media's effects on…
Associations of Television Content Type and Obesity in Children
Objectives. We tested the associations of content types of children's television viewing with subsequent body mass index (BMI) to assess the plausibility of different causal pathways. Methods. We used time-use diary data from the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics to measure television viewing categorized by format and educational and commercial content. Analyses were stratified by age because children younger than 7 years are less able to understan…
Associations Between Minimum Wage Policy and Access to Health Care: Evidence From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1996–2007
Objectives. We examined whether minimum wage policy is associated with access to medical care among low-skilled workers in the United States. Methods. We used multilevel logistic regression to analyze a data set consisting of individual-level indicators of uninsurance and unmet medical need from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and state-level ecological controls from the US Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and several other sour…
Medicine (45 works) · Environmental health (29 works) · Population (25 works) · Psychology (24 works) · Demography (22 works) · Public health (20 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (19 works) · Gerontology (18 works) · Political science (17 works) · Economics (16 works)