Mark C Hornbrook
Biographic Data
| ID | 1733518 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mark C Hornbrook |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mark C |
| FAMILY NAME | Hornbrook |
| SIGNATURE | HORNBROOK M C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6087-0698 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 8 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 33 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Cancer Survivorship at the Intersections of Care and Personhood
Surviving colorectal cancer following ostomy surgery with an intestinal stoma presents numerous challenges to the cultural category of full adult personhood. The foremost is managing unpredictable bowel activity. The technical management of the ostomy facilitated by biomedical specialists, is essential for personhood realignment. This article focuses on how some female long-term cancer survivors manage and adapt to this new fecal habitus by mobil…
Physical activity, bowel function, and quality of life among rectal cancer survivors
Detecting Lung and Colorectal Cancer Recurrence Using Structured Clinical/Administrative Data to Enable Outcomes Research and Population Health Management
INTRODUCTION: Recurrent cancer is common, costly, and lethal, yet we know little about it in community-based populations. Electronic health records and tumor registries contain vast amounts of data regarding community-based patients, but usually lack recurrence status. Existing algorithms that use structured data to detect recurrence have limitations. METHODS: We developed algorithms to detect the presence and timing of recurrence after definitiv…
Rate of Second and Third Trimester Weight Gain and Preterm Delivery Among Underweight and Normal Weight Women
Associations of Gestational Weight Gain with Preterm Birth among Underweight and Normal Weight Women
Reliability and validity of a survey to measure bowel function and quality of life in long-term rectal cancer survivors
Validating Billing/Encounter Codes as Indicators of Lung, Colorectal, Breast, and Prostate Cancer Recurrence Using 2 Large Contemporary Cohorts
BACKGROUND: A substantial proportion of cancer-related mortality is attributable to recurrent, not de novo metastatic disease, yet we know relatively little about these patients. To fill this gap, investigators often use administrative codes for secondary malignant neoplasm or chemotherapy to identify recurrent cases in population-based datasets. However, these algorithms have not been validated in large, contemporary, routine care cohorts. OBJEC…
I Didn't Feel Like I Was a Person Anymore
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the United States. For some CRC patients, cancer treatment involves creating a permanent or temporary intestinal ostomy. Having an ostomy often results in complex social and physical concerns-including unpredictable and at times publicly noticeable bowel output. In this article, we discuss findings from 30 in-depth interviews with female CRC survivors with ostomies in the western United S…
When Does an Episode of Care for Cancer Begin
The prediagnosis phase is a resource-intensive component of cancer care episodes and should be included in cost of cancer estimates. More research is needed to determine whether reliable prognostic markers can be identified as the start of a cancer episode before a pathology-based diagnosis
Validation of Electronic Data on Chemotherapy and Hormone Therapy Use in HMOs
BACKGROUND: Most data regarding medical care for cancer patients in the United States comes from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-linked Medicare analyses of individuals aged 65 years or older and typically excludes Medicare Advantage enrollees. OBJECTIVES: To assess the accuracy of chemotherapy and hormone therapy treatment data available through the Cancer Research Network's Virtual Data Warehouse (VDW). RESEARCH DESIGN: Retrospective…
Health Care Utilization in the First Year of Life among Small- and Large- for-Gestational Age Term Infants
Complications Among Colorectal Cancer Survivors
BACKGROUND: Societal preference-weighted health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores enable comparing multidimensional health states across diseases and treatments for research and policy. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of living with a permanent intestinal stoma, compared with a major bowel resection, among colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional multivariate linear regression analysis to explain preference-weight…
Exploring household income as a predictor of psychological well-being among long-term colorectal cancer survivors
Accuracy and Complexities of Using Automated Clinical Data for Capturing Chemotherapy Administrations
BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy data are important to almost any study on cancer prognosis and outcomes. However, chemotherapy data obtained from tumor registries may be incomplete, and abstracting chemotherapy directly from medical records can be expensive and time consuming. METHODS: We evaluated the accuracy of using automated clinical data to capture chemotherapy administrations in a cohort of 757 ovarian cancer patients enrolled in 7 health plans i…
Assigning Resources to Health Care Use for Health Services Research
AIMS: Our goals are 3-fold: (1) to review the leading options for assigning resource coefficients to health services utilization; (2) to discuss the relative advantages of each option; and (3) to provide examples where the research question had marked implications for the choice of which resource measure to employ. METHODS: Three approaches have been used to establish relative resource weights in health services research: (a) direct estimation of…
Health-related quality of life and utilities in primary-care patients with generalized anxiety disorder
Data Systems to Evaluate Colorectal Cancer Screening Practices and Outcomes at the Population Level
Carney, Patricia A. PhD; Hoffman, Richard M. MD; Lieberman, David A. MD; Hornbrook, Mark C. PhD; Dietrich, Allen J. MD; Klabunde, Carrie N. PhD Author Information
Risk Adjustment Using Automated Ambulatory Pharmacy Data
OBJECTIVES: Develop and estimate the RxRisk model, a risk assessment instrument that uses automated ambulatory pharmacy data to identify chronic conditions and predict future health care cost. The RxRisk model's performance in predicting cost is compared with a demographic-only model, the Ambulatory Clinical Groups (ACG), and Hierarchical Coexisting Conditions (HCC) ICD-9-CM diagnosis-based risk assessment instruments. Each model's power to forec…
Using Risk-Adjustment Models to Identify High-Cost Risks
BACKGROUND: We examine the ability of various publicly available risk models to identify high-cost individuals and enrollee groups using multi-HMO administrative data. METHODS: Five risk-adjustment models (the Global Risk-Adjustment Model [GRAM], Diagnostic Cost Groups [DCGs], Adjusted Clinical Groups [ACGs], RxRisk, and Prior-expense) were estimated on a multi-HMO administrative data set of 1.5 million individual-level observations for 1995-1996…
Surveying Physicians
BACKGROUND: Surveys serve essential roles in clinical epidemiology and health services research. However, physician surveys frequently encounter problems achieving adequate response rates. Research on enhancing response rates to surveys of the general public has led to the development of Dillman's "Total Design Approach" to the design and conduct of surveys. The impact of this approach on response rates among physicians is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: T…
Methods for Analyzing Health Care Utilization and Costs
Important questions about health care are often addressed by studying health care utilization. Utilization data have several characteristics that make them a challenge to analyze. In this paper we discuss sources of information, the statistical properties of utilization data, common analytic methods including the two-part model, and some newly available statistical methods including the generalized linear model. We also address issues of study de…
The Sensitivity and Specificity of Forecasting High-Cost Users of Medical Care
OBJECTIVES: This study compares the ability of 3 risk-assessment models to distinguish high and low expense-risk status within a managed care population. Models are the Global Risk-Assessment Model (GRAM) developed at the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research; a logistic version of GRAM; and a prior-expense model. GRAM was originally developed for use in adjusting Medicare payments to health plans. METHODS: Our sample of 98,985 cases was d…
Cost-Effectiveness of a Hospital-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a smoking cessation and relapse-prevention program for hospitalized adult smokers from the perspective of an implementing hospital. It is an economic analysis of a two-group, controlled clinical trial in two acute care hospitals owned by a large group-model health maintenance organization. The intervention included a 20-minute bedside counseling session with an experienced health counselo…
The Effect of Increased Prescription Drug Cost-Sharing on Medical Care Utilization and Expenses of Elderly Health Maintenance Organization Members
OBJECTIVES: The nature and extent of prescription drug benefits for the elderly are a continuing concern for health-care managers and policy makers. This study examined the impact of increased prescription drug cost-sharing on the drug and medical care utilization and expenses of the elderly. METHODS: Two groups of well-insured Medicare risk-based members of a large health maintenance organization (HMO) had their copayments increased in different…
Practice Mode and Payment Method
From Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon †From the Department of Medical Care Organization, The University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
I Didn't Feel Like I Was a Person Anymore
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the United States. For some CRC patients, cancer treatment involves creating a permanent or temporary intestinal ostomy. Having an ostomy often results in complex social and physical concerns-including unpredictable and at times publicly noticeable bowel output. In this article, we discuss findings from 30 in-depth interviews with female CRC survivors with ostomies in the western United S…
Allocative Medicine
Health care expenditures now account for nearly 10 percent of our gross national product, the highest share ever recorded. Concerned that this represents too many resources being devoted to health care, policymakers are searching for ways to control health care expenses. These include higher coinsurance and deductibles, measures to increase market shares of health maintenance organizations, and conversion from cost reimbursement to prospective re…
Prescription Drugs
Essay| June 01 1977 Prescription Drugs: Problems for Public Policy Mark C. Hornbrook Mark C. Hornbrook Research Economist, National Center for Health Services Research, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare* Mark C. Hornbrook’s publications include “Market Domination and Advertising in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry: Some Implications for Public Policy,” in Medical Care, vol. 15 (forthcoming, 1977). He serves as a consultant to the Divis…
Market Structure and Advertising in the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry
Distortions in market processes for pharmaceuticals raise the important policy problem of devising measures to improve industry performance. This paper first reviews the basic issues involved in formulating economic policy regarding the pharmaceutical industry. Methods for reducing structural market power and undesirable promotional expenditures are examined, and the impacts of four oft-suggested policy "reforms"--removal of trade names, removal …
Medicinal Drugs
Essay| May 01 1980 Medicinal Drugs: Risks and Regulations Mark C. Hornbrook Mark C. Hornbrook Senior Research Manager, National Center for Health Services Research, Department of Health, Education and Welfare Mark C. Hornbrook is Senior Research Manager, Division of Intramural Research, National Center for Health Services Research, and the author of many publications and papers about the pharmaceutical industry and health care and economics in th…
Behavior of the Multiproduct Firm
This article presents a hospital model that recognizes the multiproduct nature of hospital output and incorporates trade-offs among various competing goals. A utility function for the hospital is defined over quantity, quality and the net revenues associated with the treatments produced. Utility is constrained by epidemiological factors and by availability of beds. The model is used to draw comparative statics implications, from which econometric…
Patterns of Obstetrical Care in Hospitals
This article examines the determinants of length of stay and ancillary service use for a single diagnostic category: normal delivery. Data for a systematic sample of 945 obstetrical admissions to 48 New England hospitals during 1969-70 are used to estimate a simultaneous equations model. The exogenous variables include socioeconomic and medical characteristics of the mother, medical condition of the newborn, type of labor and delivery, and hospit…
Allocative Medicine
Health care expenditures now account for nearly 10 percent of our gross national product, the highest share ever recorded. Concerned that this represents too many resources being devoted to health care, policymakers are searching for ways to control health care expenses. These include higher coinsurance and deductibles, measures to increase market shares of health maintenance organizations, and conversion from cost reimbursement to prospective re…
Determinants of Hospital Use
This article estimates the effects of personal, clinical, physician, and hospital characteristics in a simultaneous equations model of length of stay and ancillary services use for five narrowly defined medical and surgical conditions. These are tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, gastroenteritis and colitis, inguinal hernia, coronary heart disease, and cholelithiasis. The data are derived from a sample survey of medical and financial records of pat…
A partial test of a hospital behavioral model
Practice Mode and Payment Method
From Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon †From the Department of Medical Care Organization, The University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
The Effect of Increased Prescription Drug Cost-Sharing on Medical Care Utilization and Expenses of Elderly Health Maintenance Organization Members
OBJECTIVES: The nature and extent of prescription drug benefits for the elderly are a continuing concern for health-care managers and policy makers. This study examined the impact of increased prescription drug cost-sharing on the drug and medical care utilization and expenses of the elderly. METHODS: Two groups of well-insured Medicare risk-based members of a large health maintenance organization (HMO) had their copayments increased in different…
Cost-Effectiveness of a Hospital-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a smoking cessation and relapse-prevention program for hospitalized adult smokers from the perspective of an implementing hospital. It is an economic analysis of a two-group, controlled clinical trial in two acute care hospitals owned by a large group-model health maintenance organization. The intervention included a 20-minute bedside counseling session with an experienced health counselo…
Methods for Analyzing Health Care Utilization and Costs
Important questions about health care are often addressed by studying health care utilization. Utilization data have several characteristics that make them a challenge to analyze. In this paper we discuss sources of information, the statistical properties of utilization data, common analytic methods including the two-part model, and some newly available statistical methods including the generalized linear model. We also address issues of study de…
The Sensitivity and Specificity of Forecasting High-Cost Users of Medical Care
OBJECTIVES: This study compares the ability of 3 risk-assessment models to distinguish high and low expense-risk status within a managed care population. Models are the Global Risk-Assessment Model (GRAM) developed at the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research; a logistic version of GRAM; and a prior-expense model. GRAM was originally developed for use in adjusting Medicare payments to health plans. METHODS: Our sample of 98,985 cases was d…
Surveying Physicians
BACKGROUND: Surveys serve essential roles in clinical epidemiology and health services research. However, physician surveys frequently encounter problems achieving adequate response rates. Research on enhancing response rates to surveys of the general public has led to the development of Dillman's "Total Design Approach" to the design and conduct of surveys. The impact of this approach on response rates among physicians is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: T…
Risk Adjustment Using Automated Ambulatory Pharmacy Data
OBJECTIVES: Develop and estimate the RxRisk model, a risk assessment instrument that uses automated ambulatory pharmacy data to identify chronic conditions and predict future health care cost. The RxRisk model's performance in predicting cost is compared with a demographic-only model, the Ambulatory Clinical Groups (ACG), and Hierarchical Coexisting Conditions (HCC) ICD-9-CM diagnosis-based risk assessment instruments. Each model's power to forec…
Using Risk-Adjustment Models to Identify High-Cost Risks
BACKGROUND: We examine the ability of various publicly available risk models to identify high-cost individuals and enrollee groups using multi-HMO administrative data. METHODS: Five risk-adjustment models (the Global Risk-Adjustment Model [GRAM], Diagnostic Cost Groups [DCGs], Adjusted Clinical Groups [ACGs], RxRisk, and Prior-expense) were estimated on a multi-HMO administrative data set of 1.5 million individual-level observations for 1995-1996…
Health-related quality of life and utilities in primary-care patients with generalized anxiety disorder
Data Systems to Evaluate Colorectal Cancer Screening Practices and Outcomes at the Population Level
Carney, Patricia A. PhD; Hoffman, Richard M. MD; Lieberman, David A. MD; Hornbrook, Mark C. PhD; Dietrich, Allen J. MD; Klabunde, Carrie N. PhD Author Information
Exploring household income as a predictor of psychological well-being among long-term colorectal cancer survivors
Accuracy and Complexities of Using Automated Clinical Data for Capturing Chemotherapy Administrations
BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy data are important to almost any study on cancer prognosis and outcomes. However, chemotherapy data obtained from tumor registries may be incomplete, and abstracting chemotherapy directly from medical records can be expensive and time consuming. METHODS: We evaluated the accuracy of using automated clinical data to capture chemotherapy administrations in a cohort of 757 ovarian cancer patients enrolled in 7 health plans i…
Assigning Resources to Health Care Use for Health Services Research
AIMS: Our goals are 3-fold: (1) to review the leading options for assigning resource coefficients to health services utilization; (2) to discuss the relative advantages of each option; and (3) to provide examples where the research question had marked implications for the choice of which resource measure to employ. METHODS: Three approaches have been used to establish relative resource weights in health services research: (a) direct estimation of…
Complications Among Colorectal Cancer Survivors
BACKGROUND: Societal preference-weighted health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores enable comparing multidimensional health states across diseases and treatments for research and policy. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of living with a permanent intestinal stoma, compared with a major bowel resection, among colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional multivariate linear regression analysis to explain preference-weight…
Health Care Utilization in the First Year of Life among Small- and Large- for-Gestational Age Term Infants
When Does an Episode of Care for Cancer Begin
The prediagnosis phase is a resource-intensive component of cancer care episodes and should be included in cost of cancer estimates. More research is needed to determine whether reliable prognostic markers can be identified as the start of a cancer episode before a pathology-based diagnosis
Validation of Electronic Data on Chemotherapy and Hormone Therapy Use in HMOs
BACKGROUND: Most data regarding medical care for cancer patients in the United States comes from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-linked Medicare analyses of individuals aged 65 years or older and typically excludes Medicare Advantage enrollees. OBJECTIVES: To assess the accuracy of chemotherapy and hormone therapy treatment data available through the Cancer Research Network's Virtual Data Warehouse (VDW). RESEARCH DESIGN: Retrospective…
Medicine (28 works) · Internal Medicine (14 works) · Business (11 works) · Cancer (11 works) · Colorectal cancer (9 works) · Health care (9 works) · Healthcare Policy and Management (9 works) · Nursing (9 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · Family medicine (7 works)