Ikram

Dados Biográficos

ID187006
NOMEIkram
SOBRENOMEIkram
ASSINATURAIKRAM
AFILIAÇÕESAmerican University in Cairo
ORCID0000-0001-6640-7055
VERIFICADOSim
TOTAL DE OBRAS82
TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES54
TOTAL COMO AUTOR82
TOTAL COMO EDITOR0
PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO1965
ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO2026
ÍNDICE H4

  • The Beast Zooarchaeological Database for Egypt and Nubia (c. 22,000-30BC)

    Open AccessJuliet V Spedding, Ikram et al.ARTICLEOpen Quaternary2026

    We present a database comprising records of vertebrates >2 kg identified from zooarchaeological remains found at sites across Egypt and Nubia from the Last Glacial Maximum to the end of the Ptolemaic Period in Egypt c. 22,000BC to 30BC as reported in the literature. The categories of faunal remains encompass bones including horncores, teeth, eggshells; mummies are excluded. The database is deposited in the Open Quaternary Dataverse (Harvard Datav…

  • Tomb living

    Ana Oliveira, Ikram et al.ARTICLEWorld Archaeology2026Referências: 19

    For much of the 19th and 20th centuries, Egypt’s Theban necropolis (Luxor) was a living palimpsest where ancient tombs mingled with modern mudbrick homes. The Qurnawis, the modern inhabitants of the necropolis, adapted pharaonic tombs, using earthen architecture to convert them into functional living spaces. Shaped-earth cupboards, shelves, troughs, ovens, and dovecotes were constructed both inside and outside the tomb-houses. This paper presents…

  • The Beast Database of Wildlife Representations from Egypt and Nubia (c. 22,000–30BC)

    Open AccessJuliet V Spedding, Ikram et al.ARTICLEOpen Quaternary2026

    We present a database comprising records of wildlife species >2 kg identified in depictions or man-made objects from Egypt and Nubia from the Last Glacial Maximum to the end of the Ptolemaic Period in Egypt (c.22,000BC–30BC) as reported in the literature. The categories of representations include: tomb reliefs and paintings, temple reliefs, rock art (engravings and paintings), ostraca, stelae, palettes, depictions on ceramics or various other obj…

  • Patterns in the Population Distribution of Lower Egypt from the Predynastic to the Ptolemaic Period as Estimated from Archaeological Evidence

    Open AccessJuliet V Spedding, Steven Snape et al.ARTICLEJournal of African Archaeology2025Referências: 9

    Karl Butzer (1976) introduced a methodology for calculating local population sizes for ancient Egypt based on archaeological remains and textual sources and focused its application on the nomes (i.e. provinces) of Upper Egypt. Although textual sources are still scant for the Delta, an increasing amount of data on settlement remains has become available in recent years and here we apply Butzer’s demographic approach to Lower Egypt. Like Butzer, we…

  • Applying habitat suitability modelling to establish the species identity of ambiguous animal depictions in archaeology

    Open AccessJakob Bro‐jørgensen, Ikram et al.ARTICLEJournal of Archaeological Science2025Referências: 1

    For researchers studying wildlife distributions of the past, the assignment of faunal depictions and remains to species can often present considerable challenges. Regrettably, many studies do not systematically consider all options and sources of evidence and, as a result, questionable identifications are widespread in the literature, which compromises the trustworthiness of meta-analyses of human-animal interactions in an environmental context. …

  • Crocodile Rock! A Bioarchaeological Study of Ancient Egyptian Reptile Remains from the National Museum of Lithuania

    Open AccessD Piombino-Mascali, Rimantas Jankauskas et al.ARTICLEArchaeologia Lituana2024

    Remnants of what was believed to be a single baby crocodile, originating from ancient Egypt and curated in the National Museum of Lithuania, have been recently assessed using noninvasive and nondestructive techniques. These had been donated in 1862 to the then Museum of Antiquities by the prominent Polish-Lithuanian collector Count Michał Tyszkiewicz. After careful investigation of the three mummified reptile fragments available, the authors were…

  • A Pack of Hounds and its Master? A Bi-Species Burial from the Necropolis of Deir El-Banat (Fayum)

    Open AccessGalina Belova, G A Belova et al.ARTICLEArchaeofauna2024Referências: 7

    Dog burials are known from Egypt from the Predynastic period from c. 3500 BC onward and continue into the Roman era. Different burials have been interpreted in a variety of ways: companion/pet/working animals, associated with divinities, and as guardians. This paper presents a unique interment of a single human and a group of dogs found in the cemetery of Deir el-Banat in the Fayum (Egypt), which can be interpreted as either a religio-magical pro…

  • Maiherpri

    Open AccessIkram, Salima IkramCHAPTERThe Encyclopedia of Ancient History2023

    Maiherpri was a rare individual in owning a tomb in the Valley of the Kings in the New Kingdom. His close relations with the royal family, as attested by his titles, might be the reason for this. His fame is partly based on the fact that his well‐appointed tomb was found intact.

  • Heqet (Heket)

    Open AccessIkram, Salima IkramCHAPTERThe Encyclopedia of Ancient History2023

    The goddess Heqet was associated with birth and generation and was attested from the Early Dynastic through the Greco‐Roman eras.

  • Pushing boundaries

    Open AccessIkram, Hana Vymazalová et al.ARTICLEJournal of Archaeological Science…2023Referências: 6

  • Ancient Egyptian mummified shrews (Mammalia

    Open AccessNeal Woodman, Ikram et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2021

    Excavation of Ptolemaic Period (ca. 309–30 BC) strata within Theban Tombs 11, 12, -399-, and UE194A by the Spanish Mission to Dra Abu el-Naga (also known as the Djehuty Project), on the west bank of the Nile River opposite Luxor, Egypt, yielded remains of at least 175 individual small mammals that include four species of shrews (Eulipotypha: Soricidae) and two species of rodents (Rodentia: Muridae). Two of the shrews ( Crocidura fulvastra and Cro…

  • A History of World Egyptology

    Open AccessIkram, Andrew Bednarski et al.BOOKHistory of World Egyptology2021

    A History of World Egyptology is a ground-breaking reference work that traces the study of ancient Egypt over the past 150 years. Global in purview, it enlarges our understanding of how and why people have looked, and continue to look, into humankind's distant past through the lens of the enduring allure of ancient Egypt. Written by an international team of scholars, the volume investigates how territories around the world have engaged with, and …

  • Animals, Sacred

    Open AccessIkram, Salima IkramCHAPTERThe Encyclopedia of Ancient History2021

    Ancient Egyptian deities had totemic animals. Particularly in the Late Period, it was believed that one specific animal of the species associated with a particular god would host the spirit of the god and thus be a manifestation of that deity on earth. This animal was identified by its special markings. During its lifetime it was revered, and upon its death it was mummified and interred with ceremony in an elaborate sepulcher.

  • Kom Ombo

    Open AccessIkram, Salima IkramCHAPTERThe Encyclopedia of Ancient History2021

    Kom Ombo, located north of Aswan, is best known for its Ptolemaic temple dedicated to Horus and Sobek, a temple that still stands at the site, and for an associated necropolis of crocodile mummies. The site itself contains remains from the Old Kingdom onward; the town probably served as the administrative center of the area.

  • Heresenes's Short Life under a "Starry Night"

    Carlos Prates, Sandra Sousa et al.ARTICLEBioarchaeology International2021

    Heresenes is a mummified 25th Dynasty (ca. 746–653 B.C.) Egyptian woman from Luxor, Egypt. Nondestructive evaluation through computerized tomography (CT) showed a failed attempt at excerebration, leaving Heresenes’s meninges and brain in situ. The brain structure shows numerous millimetric dense calcific nodules, a CT brain pattern dubbed “starry night,” which is consistent with a diagnosis of neurocysticercosis in a nodular calcified stage. A si…

  • Late Antique” Mining Community in the North Kharga Oasis (Egypt)

    Ikram, Salima Ikram et al.ARTICLEJournal of the American Research…2021

    The North Kharga Oasis Darb Ain Amur Survey (NKODAAS) has been exploring the extreme northern area and western extension of Kharga Oasis in order to locate and document hitherto undiscovered and unrecorded archaeological sites and material. The archaeological sites identified during the course of the survey are varied, including rock art, routes, mines, quarries, water dumps, wells, shelters, hamlets, and settlements. The site presented here is a…

  • Mary Had a Little Ram

    Kristian Brink, Ikram et al.ARTICLEJournal of the American Research…2021

    The Spanish Mission to Dra Abu el-Naga (Proyecto Djehuty) has been working in the Eighteenth Dynasty Theban Tombs of Djehuty (TT 11) and Hery (TT 12) and their environs since 2002. The excavators uncovered a deposit west of the courtyard of TT 11, consisting of a wrapped ram, a wooden coffin, and a dense deposit of pottery sherds. This is possibly one of the earliest excavated animal burials in the Theban area, and unusual in the fact that it is …

  • Tracking turtles in the past

    Open AccessCanan Çakırlar, Franciscus Johannes Koolstra et al.ARTICLEAntiquity2021Citada por: 1Referências: 28

  • Ikram, Salima

    Open AccessIkram, Salima IkramCHAPTEREncyclopedia of Global Archaeology2020

  • The secrets of Sobek – A crocodile mummy mitogenome from ancient Egypt

    Open AccessEvon Hekkala, Matthew L Aardema et al.ARTICLEJournal of Archaeological Science…2020Referências: 3

  • Holocene large lake development and desiccation

    Open AccessJudith Bunbury, Ikram et al.ARTICLEGeoarchaeology2020Citada por: 4Referências: 8

    The Sahara Desert, known today as one of the world's great wildernesses, was periodically dotted with large lakes that formed during the Holocene pluvial periods. As the lakes dried, the fertile and flat‐lying damp muds formed a rich habitat that was occupied by human settlers before being abandoned, as the area dried out completely. In Kharga, our work shows that a combination of pluvial periods with short term storage in the Upper Nubian aquife…

  • Wild crocodiles hunted to make mummies in Roman Egypt

    Open AccessStéphanie Porcier, Stéphanie M Porcier et al.ARTICLEJournal of Archaeological Science2019Citada por: 6Referências: 1

    An ancient Egyptian crocodile mummy (MHNL 90001591, Musée des Confluences, Lyon, France) dating to the Roman period and discovered at Kom Ombo (Upper Egypt) was analysed through synchrotron multiscale microtomography. Using this advanced technology, the virtual autopsy of the animal was carried out without affecting the bones, flesh, balms and linen bandages. The technique allows for the precise analysis of the specimen's bones and tissue, enabli…

  • Animal mummies

    Open AccessIkram, Salima IkramCHAPTERThe Encyclopedia of Ancient History2018

    The Egyptians mummified humans and other animals in order to preserve the body so that it could serve as a host for the soul throughout eternity. Many species of animals were mummified, ranging from scarab beetles to cattle to crocodiles. The mummified animals were of different types: pets, victual, sacred, votive, false/fake, and other, possibly protective.

  • Bones and society

    Open AccessChristan Gates St-Pierre, Alice M Choyke et al.ARTICLEJournal of Archaeological Science…2018Referências: 4

  • Cats, Crocodiles, Cattle, and More

    Open AccessPascale Richardin, Stéphanie Porcier et al.ARTICLERadiocarbon2017Citada por: 3Referências: 11

    The ancient Egyptians mummified animals as part of cultic activity from the Late Period into the Roman era (7th century BC to the 4th century AD). Necropolises have provided millions of animal mummies, reflecting the religious fervor of Egyptians with regard to sacred animal cults during this period. Despite the number of sites containing mummies, and the number of mummies themselves, surprisingly little is known with regard to the nuances in the…