Linda M Niccolai
Biographic Data
| ID | 214399 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Linda M Niccolai |
| GIVEN NAMES | Linda M |
| FAMILY NAME | Niccolai |
| SIGNATURE | NICCOLAI L M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Yale University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2969-3157 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 47 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 68 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 47 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Mpox among people reporting being unhoused or engaging in transactional sex within a multijurisdictional case-control study of sexually and gender minoritized individuals- United States, August 2022-M…
The Squeaky Wheel Gets the Grease
In 2016, only one in five eligible U.S. households received rental assistance and waiting lists averaged two years nationally. The gap between available rental assistance and need requires systems to allocate this scarce resource. The way potential rental assistance recipients experience and navigate these systems is likely to shape who ultimately receives assistance. We draw on repeated qualitative interviews (N=238) with low-income New Haven re…
I can’t do it”
To improve contact tracing uptake, programs should respond to clients' physical and emotional needs; increase clarity of public communications; address structural and social factors that shape behaviors and opportunities; and establish and maintain trust. We identify multiple potential interventions that may help achieve these goals
Lessons Learned From Covid-19 Contact Tracing During a Public Health Emergency
Background: Contact tracing is a core element of the public health response to emerging infectious diseases including COVID-19. Better understanding the implementation context of contact tracing for pandemics, including individual- and systems-level predictors of success, is critical to preparing for future epidemics. Methods: We carried out a prospective implementation study of an emergency volunteer contact tracing program established in New Ha…
Association between local public housing authority policies related to criminal justice system involvement and sexually transmitted infection rates
The policies of U.S. local public housing authorities influence which populations have access to stable housing, an important resource for health. We assessed whether the restrictiveness of local public housing authority policies related to people with criminal justice histories—a population at high risk for HIV/STIs—were associated with HIV/STI rates at the local-level. An ecological analysis was conducted using data from 107 local public housin…
Physician and patient prediction of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV positive people in Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) results in HIV viral suppression, which is one of the main 90-90-90 targets. Little is known about the accuracy of provider and patient predictions of retention in care and adherence to ART. To address this gap, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of 100 HIV positive people newly eligible for ART initiation (based on the Russian guidelines of ART prescription) in St. Petersburg, Russia. We assessed the a…
Patterns of recommended vaccine receipt among women ages 24–45 years
Uptake of recommended vaccines is low among young and mid-adult women. There is a need for greater understanding of the underlying factors influencing vaccine receipt in this population
Housing Instability and HIV Risk
The study purpose is to comprehensively measure landlord-related forced moves (inclusive of, but not restricted to, legal eviction), and to examine whether landlord-related forced moves is associated with HIV risk. Baseline survey data was collected between 2017 and 2018 among 360 low-income participants in New Haven, Connecticut. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine associations between landlord-related forced moves and …
Inpatient Immunization With HPV Vaccine
Community Trace
Contact tracing was one of the core public health strategies implemented during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this essay, we describe the rapid establishment of a volunteer contact tracing program in New Haven, Connecticut. We describe successes of the program and challenges that were faced. Going forward, contact tracing efforts can best be supported by increased funding to state and local health departments for a stable workforc…
Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 — Covid-NET, 14 States, March 1–30, 2020
Since SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 , was first detected in December 2019 (1), approximately 1.3 million cases have been reported worldwide (2), including approximately 330,000 in the United States (3). To conduct population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19-associated hospitalizations in the United States, the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) was crea…
Disparities in the Epidemiology of Anal Cancer
Purpose: To assess the trends and sociodemographic disparities of anal cancer. Methods: For this time series, billing claims were reviewed for all encounters between 2007 and 2011 in the Yale New Haven Health System. Results: There were 80 new cases identified. Decreasing trends were seen in women and increasing trend in men (−30.1% and 27.3%). Diagnoses were more common in areas with the highest proportion of racial minorities (incidence rate ra…
Quantifying the Restrictiveness of Local Housing Authority Policies Toward People With Criminal Justice Histories
Objectives. To quantify variation in the restrictiveness of local public housing authority policies related to the admission and eviction of people with criminal justice histories. Methods. We conducted content analysis of housing authority policy documents for US cities with a population of 100 000 or more (n = 152). Factor analysis identified policy provisions to create a restrictiveness score (range = 0–8). We explored associations between res…
Early stages of HIV treatment cascade in people living with HIV in Saint-Petersburg, Russia
The proportion of people living with HIV (PLWH) in need of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is growing rapidly in Russia. Successful treatment outcomes reduces disease progression and contributes to HIV epidemic control. We conducted a pilot study following 100 PLWH newly found eligible for ART in St. Petersburg, Russia. We determined the proportion of PLWH who initiated ART, remained in treatment, and achieved an undetectable VL during 6-month follo…
“It’s about my life”
Despite the recent rollout of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) to prevent TB in people living with HIV in South Africa, adherence and completion rates are low. To explore barriers to IPT completion in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, we conducted individual semi-structured interviews among 30 HIV patients who had completed or defaulted IPT. Interview transcripts were analyzed according to the framework method of qualitative analysis. Facilita…
Antiretroviral therapy initiation and adherence in rural South Africa
South Africa has the largest global HIV/AIDS epidemic, but barriers along the HIV care continuum prevent patients from initiating and adhering to antiretroviral therapy (ART). To qualitatively explore reasons for poor ART initiation and adherence rates from the unique perspective of community health workers (CHWs), we conducted focus groups during May-August 2014 with 21 CHWs in rural Msinga, KwaZulu-Natal. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcr…
Psychiatric Distress, Drug Use, and HIV Viral Load Suppression in Russia
State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014
Objectives. To examine state-level associations between voting patterns and adolescent coverage for at least 1 dose of human papillomavirus (HPV), tetanus-containing (Tdap), and meningococcal (MCV4) vaccination. Methods. We classified states as “blue” (Democratic affiliation) or “red” (Republican affiliation) based on the Presidential election results in 2012. We used multivariable models to adjust for potential confounding by sociodemographic an…
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Requirements in US Schools
Safe and effective human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have been available and recommended for adolescents for a decade in the United States, yet vaccination rates remain suboptimal. School entry requirements have increased uptake of other vaccines for adolescents and made coverage more equitable. However, only 3 jurisdictions require HPV vaccine for school. We summarize the current status of HPV vaccine requirements and discuss the rationales fo…
Parents' Recall and Reflections on Experiences Related to HPV Vaccination for Their Children
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage remains suboptimal in the United States. We conducted in-depth interviews with parents of adolescents from an urban primary care center serving a low-income minority population to describe their experiences. We identified the following themes: (a) parents of unvaccinated children generally had not discussed the vaccine with providers and had low awareness; (b) among unaware parents, provision of bri…
Comparison of satisfaction with care between two different models of HIV care delivery in St. Petersburg, Russia
Prior to 2010, medical care for people living with HIV/AIDS was provided at an outpatient facility near the center of St. Petersburg. Since then, HIV specialty clinics have been established in more outlying regions of the city. The study examined the effect of this decentralization of HIV care on patients' satisfaction with care in clinics of St. Petersburg, Russia. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 418 HIV-positive patients receiving car…
Internalized HIV and Drug Stigmas
A tale of two cities
Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents in Port-au-Prince, Haiti
In different situations, in different ways’
We conducted a qualitative study of male sex work in St. Petersburg Russia with a focus on social vulnerabilities, HIV-risk perception and HIV-related behaviours. In-depth interviews were conducted with individuals knowledgeable about male sex work through their profession and with male sex workers themselves. Male sex work involves a variety of exchanges, including expensive vacations, negotiated monetary amounts or simply access to food. Method…
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Patterns of Sexual Risk Behavior and Rates of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Female Young Adults
Objectives. We examined patterns of sexual behavior and risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in young adulthood for Black, Hispanic, and White females. Methods. We used a nationally representative sample of 7015 female young adults from wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Sexual risk items assessed behaviors occurring in the previous 6 years and past year to determine classes of sexual risk and links to ST…
Racial Residential Segregation and Rates of Gonorrhea in the United States, 2003–2007
Objectives. In the United States, Black persons are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including gonorrhea. Individual behaviors do not fully explain these racial disparities. We explored the association of racial residential segregation with gonorrhea rates among Black persons and hypothesized that specific dimensions of segregation would be associated with gonorrhea rates. Methods. We used 2003 to 2007 nation…
Quantifying the Restrictiveness of Local Housing Authority Policies Toward People With Criminal Justice Histories
Objectives. To quantify variation in the restrictiveness of local public housing authority policies related to the admission and eviction of people with criminal justice histories. Methods. We conducted content analysis of housing authority policy documents for US cities with a population of 100 000 or more (n = 152). Factor analysis identified policy provisions to create a restrictiveness score (range = 0–8). We explored associations between res…
What's Love Got to Do with It
The study objective was to describe relationship adjustment and its association with mental and physical quality of life for young couples expecting a baby. 296 young pregnant couples recruited from urban obstetric clinics reported on relationship strengths (e.g., equity, romantic love, and attractiveness), relationship risks (e.g., attachment, intimate partner violence), external family support, relationship adjustment, and mental and physical q…
The Squeaky Wheel Gets the Grease
In 2016, only one in five eligible U.S. households received rental assistance and waiting lists averaged two years nationally. The gap between available rental assistance and need requires systems to allocate this scarce resource. The way potential rental assistance recipients experience and navigate these systems is likely to shape who ultimately receives assistance. We draw on repeated qualitative interviews (N=238) with low-income New Haven re…
Geographic Poverty and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Cervical Cancer Precursor Rates in Connecticut, 2008–2009
Objectives. We examined associations of geographic measures of poverty, race, ethnicity, and city status with rates of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher and adenocarcinoma in situ (CIN2+/AIS), known precursors to cervical cancer. Methods. We identified 3937 cases of CIN2+/AIS among women aged 20 to 39 years in statewide surveillance data from Connecticut for 2008 to 2009. We geocoded cases to census tracts and used census data …
Parents' Recall and Reflections on Experiences Related to HPV Vaccination for Their Children
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage remains suboptimal in the United States. We conducted in-depth interviews with parents of adolescents from an urban primary care center serving a low-income minority population to describe their experiences. We identified the following themes: (a) parents of unvaccinated children generally had not discussed the vaccine with providers and had low awareness; (b) among unaware parents, provision of bri…
Perceived susceptibility to pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease among pregnant and nonpregnant adolescents
This study of urban adolescent females investigated predictors of perceived susceptibility to single and dual sexual outcomes (pregnancy only, sexually transmitted disease [STD] only, pregnancy and STDs). Thirty percent of participants felt susceptible to dual sexual outcomes. We developed a predictive model of perceived susceptibility to pregnancy/STDs from sexual risk‐behavior, sexual consequences (e.g., recent pregnancy and STD), relationship,…
State-Level Voting Patterns and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage in the United States, 2014
Objectives. To examine state-level associations between voting patterns and adolescent coverage for at least 1 dose of human papillomavirus (HPV), tetanus-containing (Tdap), and meningococcal (MCV4) vaccination. Methods. We classified states as “blue” (Democratic affiliation) or “red” (Republican affiliation) based on the Presidential election results in 2012. We used multivariable models to adjust for potential confounding by sociodemographic an…
The Potential for Bridging of HIV Transmission in the Russian Federation
Reproductive Health of Urban Adolescents
The influence of pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and human immunodeficiency virus perceived susceptibility patterns on sexual risk reduction for adolescent females
Risky sexual behavior can lead to pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Our study of 300 adolescent females takes an integrative approach by incorporating these multiple outcomes to assess the influence of risk perceptions on sexual behavior by (1) identifying subgroups of perceived susceptibility to pregnancy, STDs, and HIV using cluster analysis and (2) comparing subgroups on demographics, sexu…
Mpox among people reporting being unhoused or engaging in transactional sex within a multijurisdictional case-control study of sexually and gender minoritized individuals- United States, August 2022-M…
A tale of two cities
Residential racial segregation and racial differences in sexual behaviours
BACKGROUND: Determining the underlying causes of racial disparities in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is important. In the USA, rates of the most common STIs range from 5 to 20 times higher for African-Americans compared to Caucasians, and the health consequences of STIs can be serious. Residential racial segregation results in very different contexts for individuals and may be an important determinant of sexual risk. The purpose of this …
Associations of a Sexually Transmitted Disease Diagnosis During a Relationship with Condom Use and Psychosocial Outcomes
Few studies have examined whether and how receiving an sexually transmitted disease (STD) diagnosis while in a romantic relationship relates to condom use and psychosocial sexual outcomes. Using dyadic data, we examined associations of a personal or a partner's STD diagnosis during a relationship with condom use, monogamy intentions, condom intentions and attitudes, and STD susceptibility and communication. Because beliefs about how the STD was a…
Sexual Partners of Street-Based Female Sex Workers in St. Petersburg, Russia
Street-based sex work in Russia, as in many countries, carries with it a high risk for violence and the transmission of infectious diseases. The male partners of female sex workers are both cause and recipient of such risks. Because little is known about the men, we undertook a preliminary study to determine the feasibility of recruiting and interviewing them, develop typologies that describe partners, and derive hypotheses for further study and …
Potential Bridges of Heterosexual HIV Transmission from Drug Users to the General Population in St. Petersburg, Russia
Perceived susceptibility to pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease among pregnant and nonpregnant adolescents
This study of urban adolescent females investigated predictors of perceived susceptibility to single and dual sexual outcomes (pregnancy only, sexually transmitted disease [STD] only, pregnancy and STDs). Thirty percent of participants felt susceptible to dual sexual outcomes. We developed a predictive model of perceived susceptibility to pregnancy/STDs from sexual risk‐behavior, sexual consequences (e.g., recent pregnancy and STD), relationship,…
The influence of pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and human immunodeficiency virus perceived susceptibility patterns on sexual risk reduction for adolescent females
Risky sexual behavior can lead to pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Our study of 300 adolescent females takes an integrative approach by incorporating these multiple outcomes to assess the influence of risk perceptions on sexual behavior by (1) identifying subgroups of perceived susceptibility to pregnancy, STDs, and HIV using cluster analysis and (2) comparing subgroups on demographics, sexu…
Unprotected intercourse among people living with HIV/Aids
The purpose of this study was to determine the relative importance and interactive effects of partnership characteristics in unprotected intercourse among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). An interview study was conducted among a convenience sample of PLWHA in care. Of all the demographic, health status, risk history and behaviors and partnership covariates explored, only the partnership covariates were significantly associated with unprotecte…
Unprotected intercourse for extra money among commercial sex workers in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
This study assessed the extent and correlates of the practice of engaging in unprotected intercourse for extra money among commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. We conducted a cross-sectional survey using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire among a convenience sample of 136 CSWs. More than one-quarter of CSWs (26.5%) engaged in unprotected intercourse for extra money. These CSWs charged abou…
Reproductive Health of Urban Adolescents
High HIV Prevalence, Suboptimal HIV Testing, and Low Knowledge of HIV-Positive Serostatus Among Injection Drug Users in St. Petersburg, Russia
Potential Bridges of Heterosexual HIV Transmission from Drug Users to the General Population in St. Petersburg, Russia
The Potential for Bridging of HIV Transmission in the Russian Federation
Drug Network Characteristics and HIV Risk Among Injection Drug Users in Russia
HIV Disclosure, Condom Use, and Awareness of HIV Infection Among HIV-Positive, Heterosexual Drug Injectors in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
We examined the prevalence of HIV disclosure to sexual partners by HIV-positive drug injectors (IDUs) in St. Petersburg, Russia and compared the magnitude and direction of associations of condom use with awareness of one's HIV infection and disclosure to partners. Among 157 HIV-infected participants, awareness of infection at time of last intercourse was associated with condom use with partners perceived to be HIV-negative (aOR 6.68, 95% CI 1.60-…
Dangerous Subtlety
In the Heart or in the Head
Clients of street-based female sex workers and potential bridging of HIV/STI in Russia
In Russia, sexual transmission of HIV is increasing and street-based female sex workers (FSW) have a high HIV prevalence, but the role of male clients of FSW in HIV transmission and bridging to the general population has not been studied. Sixty-two male clients completed structured interviews during February-March of 2010 in St. Petersburg Russia. Descriptive analyses focused on condom use with different types of sex partners, substance use, and …
Pregnancy Desire Among a Sample of Young Couples Who Are Expecting a Baby
CONTEXT Adolescents’ desire for a pregnancy has been explored more among females than among males. A more comprehensive understanding of teenagers’ pregnancy desires is needed to inform pregnancy prevention efforts and to support couples as they undergo the transition to parenthood. METHODS In an observational cohort study conducted in 2007–2011 at clinics in Connecticut, data were collected from 296 couples (females aged 14–21 and their partners…
Racial Residential Segregation and Rates of Gonorrhea in the United States, 2003–2007
Objectives. In the United States, Black persons are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including gonorrhea. Individual behaviors do not fully explain these racial disparities. We explored the association of racial residential segregation with gonorrhea rates among Black persons and hypothesized that specific dimensions of segregation would be associated with gonorrhea rates. Methods. We used 2003 to 2007 nation…
Sexual Partners of Street-Based Female Sex Workers in St. Petersburg, Russia
Street-based sex work in Russia, as in many countries, carries with it a high risk for violence and the transmission of infectious diseases. The male partners of female sex workers are both cause and recipient of such risks. Because little is known about the men, we undertook a preliminary study to determine the feasibility of recruiting and interviewing them, develop typologies that describe partners, and derive hypotheses for further study and …
In different situations, in different ways’
We conducted a qualitative study of male sex work in St. Petersburg Russia with a focus on social vulnerabilities, HIV-risk perception and HIV-related behaviours. In-depth interviews were conducted with individuals knowledgeable about male sex work through their profession and with male sex workers themselves. Male sex work involves a variety of exchanges, including expensive vacations, negotiated monetary amounts or simply access to food. Method…
Residential racial segregation and racial differences in sexual behaviours
BACKGROUND: Determining the underlying causes of racial disparities in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is important. In the USA, rates of the most common STIs range from 5 to 20 times higher for African-Americans compared to Caucasians, and the health consequences of STIs can be serious. Residential racial segregation results in very different contexts for individuals and may be an important determinant of sexual risk. The purpose of this …
What's Love Got to Do with It
The study objective was to describe relationship adjustment and its association with mental and physical quality of life for young couples expecting a baby. 296 young pregnant couples recruited from urban obstetric clinics reported on relationship strengths (e.g., equity, romantic love, and attractiveness), relationship risks (e.g., attachment, intimate partner violence), external family support, relationship adjustment, and mental and physical q…
Associations of a Sexually Transmitted Disease Diagnosis During a Relationship with Condom Use and Psychosocial Outcomes
Few studies have examined whether and how receiving an sexually transmitted disease (STD) diagnosis while in a romantic relationship relates to condom use and psychosocial sexual outcomes. Using dyadic data, we examined associations of a personal or a partner's STD diagnosis during a relationship with condom use, monogamy intentions, condom intentions and attitudes, and STD susceptibility and communication. Because beliefs about how the STD was a…
Geographic Poverty and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Cervical Cancer Precursor Rates in Connecticut, 2008–2009
Objectives. We examined associations of geographic measures of poverty, race, ethnicity, and city status with rates of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher and adenocarcinoma in situ (CIN2+/AIS), known precursors to cervical cancer. Methods. We identified 3937 cases of CIN2+/AIS among women aged 20 to 39 years in statewide surveillance data from Connecticut for 2008 to 2009. We geocoded cases to census tracts and used census data …
Niccolai et al. Respond
AffiliationsLinda M. Niccolai, Pamela J. Julian, James I. Meek, and James L. Hadler are with the Yale School of Public Health and the Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, New Haven. Lynn Sosa is with the Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Patterns of Sexual Risk Behavior and Rates of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Female Young Adults
Objectives. We examined patterns of sexual behavior and risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in young adulthood for Black, Hispanic, and White females. Methods. We used a nationally representative sample of 7015 female young adults from wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Sexual risk items assessed behaviors occurring in the previous 6 years and past year to determine classes of sexual risk and links to ST…
Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents in Port-au-Prince, Haiti
Comparison of satisfaction with care between two different models of HIV care delivery in St. Petersburg, Russia
Prior to 2010, medical care for people living with HIV/AIDS was provided at an outpatient facility near the center of St. Petersburg. Since then, HIV specialty clinics have been established in more outlying regions of the city. The study examined the effect of this decentralization of HIV care on patients' satisfaction with care in clinics of St. Petersburg, Russia. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 418 HIV-positive patients receiving car…
Medicine (46 works) · Demography (24 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (22 works) · Environmental health (21 works) · Family medicine (20 works) · Public health (20 works) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (16 works) · Population (16 works) · Psychology (16 works) · Psychiatry (14 works)