Gill Kirton
Biographic Data
| ID | 249696 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gill Kirton |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gill |
| FAMILY NAME | Kirton |
| SIGNATURE | KIRTON G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Queen Mary University of London |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9280-991X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 85 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 23 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Integrating Merit and Equality to Address Gender Inequality at Work
Although the extant literature provides a comprehensive account of workplace gender inequalities, the mechanisms that produce inequalities, and the underlying assumptions and principles of those mechanisms, remain opaque. The concept of “merit,” although morally persuasive and ubiquitous in organizational contexts, is a significant point of tension in redressing gender inequality. This article firstly identifies three significant critiques of mer…
Temporal Signification of Careers and Organizational Return‐to‐Work Barriers After an Extended Career Break: Insights From Professional Women in the United Kingdom
In this article, we explore the phenomenon of professional women's childcare‐related extended career breaks taken immediately or soon after maternity leave and organizational barriers experienced in their subsequent return to work. Applying a temporal lens to Barley's career model, we analyze how organizational objective clock‐time and women's experience of subjective time in relation to extended career breaks mediate their understanding of organ…
Trapped between the Past and the Future: Temporal Orientations and the 'Becoming' of Post-Maternity Extended Career-Breaks among Women Professionals in the UK
This article uses agentic temporality as a focal construct and provides insights into women professionals' transition to motherhood and extended career-breaks. It explores the connection between their temporal orientations and extended career-break decisions. The article posits that an extended career-break develops out of women professionals' experiences in the past and an anticipation of the future in the context of motherhood and professional …
“Doing the Right Thing” and “Making a Difference”: The Role of Personal Ethical Values in Diversity and Inclusion Consulting
This article focuses on the salience of personal ethical values for diversity work. Theory and practice of diversity management (DM) are located in a wider business ethics agenda which acknowledges the rhetorical value of the business case for diversity, but which also integrates the moral responsibilities attached to people management. Drawing on findings from a qualitative study of external diversity and inclusion (D&I) consultants in the UK, t…
Towards 'Racialising' the Union Agenda on the Front Lines of Healthcare Professions
A persistent problem in trade unions is the discrepancy/tension that exists between their progressive national equality-seeking agenda and the translation of equality principles into workplace activism and their application to members' everyday working lives. Building on the notion of 'feminising' the union agenda, this article explores professional unions' efforts towards 'racialising' the agenda, which is a neglected equality focus in extant li…
The Fate of Being a 'Distressed Asset: Insights into Women Returners' Experiences in the UK
Building on studies looking into how professionals encounter stigma and negotiate their work lives, this article fills a gap in extant sociological literature on gender and professional work by providing original qualitative data on professional women's supported re-entry-to-work experiences. Examining the development of returner programmes in the UK, we investigate the supportive factors in the mitigation of stigma threats associated with the re…
Union framing of gender equality and the elusive potential of equality bargaining in a difficult climate
This article explores why equality bargaining appears to remain underdeveloped despite its widely acknowledged potential for tackling workplace inequalities. The concept from social movement theory of ‘framing’ is utilised to assess the prospects of moving from ‘where we are’. Findings from a study of UK-based union equality actors discuss unceasing efforts on their part to shift equality from the margins to the centre of union bargaining activit…
The gender representation gap: Implications for workplace union effectiveness
This article investigates how the gender of workplace representatives has implications for three dimensions of union effectiveness: (i) responsiveness to members, (ii) opportunity to influence management and (iii) ability to bring about change. Utilising original analysis of the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study, we examine three core elements of workplace employment relations processes that cut across the three dimensions: (i) workplace …
When Welfare Professionals Encounter Restructuring and Privatization: The Inside Story of the Probation Service of England and Wales
This article utilizes a multi-method case study of the probation service of England and Wales to explore the perspectives of practitioners and their union on how restructuring/privatization affected the probation profession. Professionals perceived restructuring/privatization as ideologically and politically motivated, rather than evidence-based in relation to service goals. Against this context, the article outlines the probation union's organiz…
Napo, un cas exemplaire des difficultés rencontrées par les syndicats britanniques du secteur public
Depuis la fin des années 1980, le service public britannique a connu de profondes transformations liées à des processus concomitants de privatisation, de restructuration et de coupes budgétaires massives. Côté syndical, l’action du gouvernement actuel s’inscrit dans le prolongement des politiques antisyndicales héritées des années 1980, avec une réduction drastique du temps financé par les employeurs publics pour les activités syndicales et un pr…
Beyond burned bras and purple dungarees: Feminist orientations within working women’s networks
Is there a feminist ideological undertone when women choose to organise separately, or are their motivations purely instrumental? While this question has been addressed by numerous researchers, most studies are mono-national; most extrapolate meaning from different types of networks/groups, and most do not carry out close examination of network members’ orientations. This article explores varieties of orientations to feminism among members of fou…
Having It All? Women in High Commitment Careers and Work–Life Balance in Norway
The question if, or how, women can 'have it all' — high commitment career, partner and children — is regularly debated in popular media internationally. Drawing on qualitative research, this article examines work–life balance (WLB) for women in high commitment careers as politicians and non‐executive directors on corporate boards in Norway. Norway is lauded as one of the most gender equal countries in the world and in theory at least it is theref…
The Coalition of Labor Union Women: Still a Space of Social Creativity and a Force for Social Change
Coalition of Labor Union Women (CLUW) celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2014, making it a timely moment to re-examine this unique labor movement women’s organization. CLUW is widely acknowledged for its contribution to the gendered transformation of U.S. unions—this article examines whether it is still a space of social creativity and a force for social change. It does so in the context of three major challenges facing CLUW and other women’s gro…
Stratégies en faveur de la démocratie de genre dans les syndicats: Points de vue de responsables syndicales au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis
Cet article se propose d'exposer ce qui rapproche et sépare les responsables syndicales au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis face aux stratégies d'égalité des sexes mises en œuvre dans leurs syndicats pour faire avancer la démocratie de genre. Il s'appuie sur une enquête qualitative de deux ans, menée auprès de 134 représentantes syndicales des deux pays, sur de l'observation participative et sur l'analyse secondaire de données quantitatives. Entrepr…
Commitment and collective identity of long-term union participation: The case of women union leaders in the UK and USA
This article asks what sustains women union leaders' long-term union participation given an internal environment often hostile to women and an external context antagonistic to unions. This article considers the dynamics of long-term participation by drawing on social movement interrelated concepts of commitment and collective identity in the context of a comparative study of American and British women union leaders. The study explores the experie…
Lift as you rise’: Union women’s leadership talk
There is now an abundant and rich literature on gender and leadership in the corporate context, where concepts of masculine and feminine leadership are widely debated. This article provides a bridge between this literature and the women and unions literature, where women’s leadership is under-researched but where feminist strategies are widely discussed. The article uses the relatively novel lens of masculine, feminine and feminist leadership for…
Equality, Inequalities and Diversity: Contemporary Challenges and Strategies
Competing rationalities in the diversity project of the UK judiciary: The politics of assessment centres
Assessment centres (ACs) are increasingly used to recruit highly qualified staff, yet there are few attempts to appraise their introduction from a diversity perspective. This article addresses this gap by exploring the introduction of ACs as a means of increasing the diversity of the judiciary in the UK. It analyses the underpinning politics guiding the processes and subjective experiences of ACs using Weber’s identification of types of rationali…
Career plans and aspirations of recent black and minority ethnic business graduates
While existing data now provides a fairly detailed picture of the state of the graduate labour market, less is known about the career aspirations of graduates, how and why they make the decisions they do. Based on qualitative interviews with black and minority ethnic business graduates, the article investigates the subjective dimensions of the early formation of careers.This approach opens the way for exploring the influence of 'race'/ethnicity a…
Gendered Enterprise
What do we mean when we say that enterprise or organization is gendered? As Acker (2003) argues, “to say that an organization, or any other analytic unit, is gendered means that advantage and disadvantage, exploitation and control, action and emotion, meaning and identity, are patterned through and in terms of a distinction between male and female, masculine and feminine.” However, the traditional approach to organizational analysis is criticized…
Alternative and parallel career paths for women: The Case of Trade Union Participation
This article argues that a broader, horizontal and multiple concept of career helps us to understand women's union participation. Women frequently commit to and actively balance more than one significant life activity - each of which can be conceptualized as a career - in the public and private spheres. These careers inter-relate and overlap, sometimes complementing each other, sometimes conflicting; thus commitment to, progression in, or setback…
New directions in managing women’s trade union careers: Online learning
This article is concerned with strategies for managing the careers of women who work in paid positions in the union movement. Recently there has been some debate about the positive potential offered by the use of ICTs in a variety of areas of trade union activity. We link this to debates about the role of trade union education in developing women’s careers within trade unions by exploring the experiences of participants on a recent British Trades…
Advancing Gender Equality: The Role of Women‐Only Trade Union Education
The need to improve the level of membership and the number of women activists has been a central feature of overall ‘renewal’ strategies of many British trade unions. Within this, equality education has been a key part of policy‐making. This research draws on detailed case studies of two trade unions and focuses on their women‐only education courses. We suggest that a greater understanding of the contribution of different types of trade union edu…
Sustaining and Developing Women's Trade Union Activism: A Gendered Project
Against the background of heavy membership decline, the increasing importance of women as a source of members for unions and union efforts to attract women into membership, this paper explores the nature of women's union activism. The focus is on why women stay active in unions. The paper employs Klandermans' model as a framework for examining senior union women's activism. This study suggests that the model is gendered in that women's experience…
Having It All? Women in High Commitment Careers and Work–Life Balance in Norway
The question if, or how, women can 'have it all' — high commitment career, partner and children — is regularly debated in popular media internationally. Drawing on qualitative research, this article examines work–life balance (WLB) for women in high commitment careers as politicians and non‐executive directors on corporate boards in Norway. Norway is lauded as one of the most gender equal countries in the world and in theory at least it is theref…
When Welfare Professionals Encounter Restructuring and Privatization: The Inside Story of the Probation Service of England and Wales
This article utilizes a multi-method case study of the probation service of England and Wales to explore the perspectives of practitioners and their union on how restructuring/privatization affected the probation profession. Professionals perceived restructuring/privatization as ideologically and politically motivated, rather than evidence-based in relation to service goals. Against this context, the article outlines the probation union's organiz…
Commitment and collective identity of long-term union participation: The case of women union leaders in the UK and USA
This article asks what sustains women union leaders' long-term union participation given an internal environment often hostile to women and an external context antagonistic to unions. This article considers the dynamics of long-term participation by drawing on social movement interrelated concepts of commitment and collective identity in the context of a comparative study of American and British women union leaders. The study explores the experie…
Career plans and aspirations of recent black and minority ethnic business graduates
While existing data now provides a fairly detailed picture of the state of the graduate labour market, less is known about the career aspirations of graduates, how and why they make the decisions they do. Based on qualitative interviews with black and minority ethnic business graduates, the article investigates the subjective dimensions of the early formation of careers.This approach opens the way for exploring the influence of 'race'/ethnicity a…
Lift as you rise’: Union women’s leadership talk
There is now an abundant and rich literature on gender and leadership in the corporate context, where concepts of masculine and feminine leadership are widely debated. This article provides a bridge between this literature and the women and unions literature, where women’s leadership is under-researched but where feminist strategies are widely discussed. The article uses the relatively novel lens of masculine, feminine and feminist leadership for…
Alternative and parallel career paths for women: The Case of Trade Union Participation
This article argues that a broader, horizontal and multiple concept of career helps us to understand women's union participation. Women frequently commit to and actively balance more than one significant life activity - each of which can be conceptualized as a career - in the public and private spheres. These careers inter-relate and overlap, sometimes complementing each other, sometimes conflicting; thus commitment to, progression in, or setback…
Competing rationalities in the diversity project of the UK judiciary: The politics of assessment centres
Assessment centres (ACs) are increasingly used to recruit highly qualified staff, yet there are few attempts to appraise their introduction from a diversity perspective. This article addresses this gap by exploring the introduction of ACs as a means of increasing the diversity of the judiciary in the UK. It analyses the underpinning politics guiding the processes and subjective experiences of ACs using Weber’s identification of types of rationali…
Beyond burned bras and purple dungarees: Feminist orientations within working women’s networks
Is there a feminist ideological undertone when women choose to organise separately, or are their motivations purely instrumental? While this question has been addressed by numerous researchers, most studies are mono-national; most extrapolate meaning from different types of networks/groups, and most do not carry out close examination of network members’ orientations. This article explores varieties of orientations to feminism among members of fou…
Advancing Gender Equality: The Role of Women‐Only Trade Union Education
The need to improve the level of membership and the number of women activists has been a central feature of overall ‘renewal’ strategies of many British trade unions. Within this, equality education has been a key part of policy‐making. This research draws on detailed case studies of two trade unions and focuses on their women‐only education courses. We suggest that a greater understanding of the contribution of different types of trade union edu…
Sustaining and Developing Women's Trade Union Activism: A Gendered Project
Against the background of heavy membership decline, the increasing importance of women as a source of members for unions and union efforts to attract women into membership, this paper explores the nature of women's union activism. The focus is on why women stay active in unions. The paper employs Klandermans' model as a framework for examining senior union women's activism. This study suggests that the model is gendered in that women's experience…
Towards 'Racialising' the Union Agenda on the Front Lines of Healthcare Professions
A persistent problem in trade unions is the discrepancy/tension that exists between their progressive national equality-seeking agenda and the translation of equality principles into workplace activism and their application to members' everyday working lives. Building on the notion of 'feminising' the union agenda, this article explores professional unions' efforts towards 'racialising' the agenda, which is a neglected equality focus in extant li…
The Fate of Being a 'Distressed Asset: Insights into Women Returners' Experiences in the UK
Building on studies looking into how professionals encounter stigma and negotiate their work lives, this article fills a gap in extant sociological literature on gender and professional work by providing original qualitative data on professional women's supported re-entry-to-work experiences. Examining the development of returner programmes in the UK, we investigate the supportive factors in the mitigation of stigma threats associated with the re…
The Coalition of Labor Union Women: Still a Space of Social Creativity and a Force for Social Change
Coalition of Labor Union Women (CLUW) celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2014, making it a timely moment to re-examine this unique labor movement women’s organization. CLUW is widely acknowledged for its contribution to the gendered transformation of U.S. unions—this article examines whether it is still a space of social creativity and a force for social change. It does so in the context of three major challenges facing CLUW and other women’s gro…
Stratégies en faveur de la démocratie de genre dans les syndicats: Points de vue de responsables syndicales au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis
Cet article se propose d'exposer ce qui rapproche et sépare les responsables syndicales au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis face aux stratégies d'égalité des sexes mises en œuvre dans leurs syndicats pour faire avancer la démocratie de genre. Il s'appuie sur une enquête qualitative de deux ans, menée auprès de 134 représentantes syndicales des deux pays, sur de l'observation participative et sur l'analyse secondaire de données quantitatives. Entrepr…
Sustaining and Developing Women's Trade Union Activism: A Gendered Project
Against the background of heavy membership decline, the increasing importance of women as a source of members for unions and union efforts to attract women into membership, this paper explores the nature of women's union activism. The focus is on why women stay active in unions. The paper employs Klandermans' model as a framework for examining senior union women's activism. This study suggests that the model is gendered in that women's experience…
New directions in managing women’s trade union careers: Online learning
This article is concerned with strategies for managing the careers of women who work in paid positions in the union movement. Recently there has been some debate about the positive potential offered by the use of ICTs in a variety of areas of trade union activity. We link this to debates about the role of trade union education in developing women’s careers within trade unions by exploring the experiences of participants on a recent British Trades…
Advancing Gender Equality: The Role of Women‐Only Trade Union Education
The need to improve the level of membership and the number of women activists has been a central feature of overall ‘renewal’ strategies of many British trade unions. Within this, equality education has been a key part of policy‐making. This research draws on detailed case studies of two trade unions and focuses on their women‐only education courses. We suggest that a greater understanding of the contribution of different types of trade union edu…
Alternative and parallel career paths for women: The Case of Trade Union Participation
This article argues that a broader, horizontal and multiple concept of career helps us to understand women's union participation. Women frequently commit to and actively balance more than one significant life activity - each of which can be conceptualized as a career - in the public and private spheres. These careers inter-relate and overlap, sometimes complementing each other, sometimes conflicting; thus commitment to, progression in, or setback…
Gendered Enterprise
What do we mean when we say that enterprise or organization is gendered? As Acker (2003) argues, “to say that an organization, or any other analytic unit, is gendered means that advantage and disadvantage, exploitation and control, action and emotion, meaning and identity, are patterned through and in terms of a distinction between male and female, masculine and feminine.” However, the traditional approach to organizational analysis is criticized…
Career plans and aspirations of recent black and minority ethnic business graduates
While existing data now provides a fairly detailed picture of the state of the graduate labour market, less is known about the career aspirations of graduates, how and why they make the decisions they do. Based on qualitative interviews with black and minority ethnic business graduates, the article investigates the subjective dimensions of the early formation of careers.This approach opens the way for exploring the influence of 'race'/ethnicity a…
Competing rationalities in the diversity project of the UK judiciary: The politics of assessment centres
Assessment centres (ACs) are increasingly used to recruit highly qualified staff, yet there are few attempts to appraise their introduction from a diversity perspective. This article addresses this gap by exploring the introduction of ACs as a means of increasing the diversity of the judiciary in the UK. It analyses the underpinning politics guiding the processes and subjective experiences of ACs using Weber’s identification of types of rationali…
Equality, Inequalities and Diversity: Contemporary Challenges and Strategies
Lift as you rise’: Union women’s leadership talk
There is now an abundant and rich literature on gender and leadership in the corporate context, where concepts of masculine and feminine leadership are widely debated. This article provides a bridge between this literature and the women and unions literature, where women’s leadership is under-researched but where feminist strategies are widely discussed. The article uses the relatively novel lens of masculine, feminine and feminist leadership for…
Stratégies en faveur de la démocratie de genre dans les syndicats: Points de vue de responsables syndicales au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis
Cet article se propose d'exposer ce qui rapproche et sépare les responsables syndicales au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis face aux stratégies d'égalité des sexes mises en œuvre dans leurs syndicats pour faire avancer la démocratie de genre. Il s'appuie sur une enquête qualitative de deux ans, menée auprès de 134 représentantes syndicales des deux pays, sur de l'observation participative et sur l'analyse secondaire de données quantitatives. Entrepr…
Commitment and collective identity of long-term union participation: The case of women union leaders in the UK and USA
This article asks what sustains women union leaders' long-term union participation given an internal environment often hostile to women and an external context antagonistic to unions. This article considers the dynamics of long-term participation by drawing on social movement interrelated concepts of commitment and collective identity in the context of a comparative study of American and British women union leaders. The study explores the experie…
Beyond burned bras and purple dungarees: Feminist orientations within working women’s networks
Is there a feminist ideological undertone when women choose to organise separately, or are their motivations purely instrumental? While this question has been addressed by numerous researchers, most studies are mono-national; most extrapolate meaning from different types of networks/groups, and most do not carry out close examination of network members’ orientations. This article explores varieties of orientations to feminism among members of fou…
Having It All? Women in High Commitment Careers and Work–Life Balance in Norway
The question if, or how, women can 'have it all' — high commitment career, partner and children — is regularly debated in popular media internationally. Drawing on qualitative research, this article examines work–life balance (WLB) for women in high commitment careers as politicians and non‐executive directors on corporate boards in Norway. Norway is lauded as one of the most gender equal countries in the world and in theory at least it is theref…
The Coalition of Labor Union Women: Still a Space of Social Creativity and a Force for Social Change
Coalition of Labor Union Women (CLUW) celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2014, making it a timely moment to re-examine this unique labor movement women’s organization. CLUW is widely acknowledged for its contribution to the gendered transformation of U.S. unions—this article examines whether it is still a space of social creativity and a force for social change. It does so in the context of three major challenges facing CLUW and other women’s gro…
Napo, un cas exemplaire des difficultés rencontrées par les syndicats britanniques du secteur public
Depuis la fin des années 1980, le service public britannique a connu de profondes transformations liées à des processus concomitants de privatisation, de restructuration et de coupes budgétaires massives. Côté syndical, l’action du gouvernement actuel s’inscrit dans le prolongement des politiques antisyndicales héritées des années 1980, avec une réduction drastique du temps financé par les employeurs publics pour les activités syndicales et un pr…
When Welfare Professionals Encounter Restructuring and Privatization: The Inside Story of the Probation Service of England and Wales
This article utilizes a multi-method case study of the probation service of England and Wales to explore the perspectives of practitioners and their union on how restructuring/privatization affected the probation profession. Professionals perceived restructuring/privatization as ideologically and politically motivated, rather than evidence-based in relation to service goals. Against this context, the article outlines the probation union's organiz…
Union framing of gender equality and the elusive potential of equality bargaining in a difficult climate
This article explores why equality bargaining appears to remain underdeveloped despite its widely acknowledged potential for tackling workplace inequalities. The concept from social movement theory of ‘framing’ is utilised to assess the prospects of moving from ‘where we are’. Findings from a study of UK-based union equality actors discuss unceasing efforts on their part to shift equality from the margins to the centre of union bargaining activit…
The gender representation gap: Implications for workplace union effectiveness
This article investigates how the gender of workplace representatives has implications for three dimensions of union effectiveness: (i) responsiveness to members, (ii) opportunity to influence management and (iii) ability to bring about change. Utilising original analysis of the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study, we examine three core elements of workplace employment relations processes that cut across the three dimensions: (i) workplace …
“Doing the Right Thing” and “Making a Difference”: The Role of Personal Ethical Values in Diversity and Inclusion Consulting
This article focuses on the salience of personal ethical values for diversity work. Theory and practice of diversity management (DM) are located in a wider business ethics agenda which acknowledges the rhetorical value of the business case for diversity, but which also integrates the moral responsibilities attached to people management. Drawing on findings from a qualitative study of external diversity and inclusion (D&I) consultants in the UK, t…
Towards 'Racialising' the Union Agenda on the Front Lines of Healthcare Professions
A persistent problem in trade unions is the discrepancy/tension that exists between their progressive national equality-seeking agenda and the translation of equality principles into workplace activism and their application to members' everyday working lives. Building on the notion of 'feminising' the union agenda, this article explores professional unions' efforts towards 'racialising' the agenda, which is a neglected equality focus in extant li…
The Fate of Being a 'Distressed Asset: Insights into Women Returners' Experiences in the UK
Building on studies looking into how professionals encounter stigma and negotiate their work lives, this article fills a gap in extant sociological literature on gender and professional work by providing original qualitative data on professional women's supported re-entry-to-work experiences. Examining the development of returner programmes in the UK, we investigate the supportive factors in the mitigation of stigma threats associated with the re…
Temporal Signification of Careers and Organizational Return‐to‐Work Barriers After an Extended Career Break: Insights From Professional Women in the United Kingdom
In this article, we explore the phenomenon of professional women's childcare‐related extended career breaks taken immediately or soon after maternity leave and organizational barriers experienced in their subsequent return to work. Applying a temporal lens to Barley's career model, we analyze how organizational objective clock‐time and women's experience of subjective time in relation to extended career breaks mediate their understanding of organ…
Trapped between the Past and the Future: Temporal Orientations and the 'Becoming' of Post-Maternity Extended Career-Breaks among Women Professionals in the UK
This article uses agentic temporality as a focal construct and provides insights into women professionals' transition to motherhood and extended career-breaks. It explores the connection between their temporal orientations and extended career-break decisions. The article posits that an extended career-break develops out of women professionals' experiences in the past and an anticipation of the future in the context of motherhood and professional …
Integrating Merit and Equality to Address Gender Inequality at Work
Although the extant literature provides a comprehensive account of workplace gender inequalities, the mechanisms that produce inequalities, and the underlying assumptions and principles of those mechanisms, remain opaque. The concept of “merit,” although morally persuasive and ubiquitous in organizational contexts, is a significant point of tension in redressing gender inequality. This article firstly identifies three significant critiques of mer…
Political science (20 works) · Sociology (20 works) · Labor Movements and Unions (16 works) · Gender Studies (13 works) · Law (13 works) · Gender Diversity and Inequality (11 works) · Gender Studies (10 works) · Public relations (10 works) · Economics (9 works) · Law (9 works)