Robert K Shelly
Biographic Data
| ID | 250667 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert K Shelly |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert K |
| FAMILY NAME | Shelly |
| SIGNATURE | SHELLY R K |
| AFFILIATIONS | Ohio University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 70 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1970 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Sentiments as Status Processes? A Theoretical Reformulation from the Expectation States Tradition
Do the ties that bind also create social inequality? Using an expectation states theoretical framework, we elaborate status characteristics and behavior-status theories to explore how sentiments, network connections based on liking and disliking, may affect processes entailing status, the prestige based on one's differentially valued social distinctions. Within task groups, we theorize that positive and negative sentiments may themselves be statu…
How impartial are the observers of justice theory
How Sentiments Organize Social Action
Sociological studies of affect and associated processes have a long tradition in the discipline, originating with Durkheim's interest in religious belief and practice. Contemporary interest in the area has focused on several distinct instances in which affective evaluations are learned, are expressed toward others, organize behavior in social situations, and change. Attitudes, emotions , feelings, moods, and sentiments are distinguished from one …
Speech Content and the Emergence of Inequality in Task Groups
We examine how the content of actors’ speech and the frequency with which they make contributions affect the emergence and legitimation of inequality in task groups. Previous research has focused on classifying acts, the smallest meaningful units of speech, such as providing opportunities to others to speak, making task relevant suggestions, and positively or negatively evaluating the contributions of others. We also employ a classification schem…
Intragroup Conflict and Cooperation: An Introduction
North Central Sociological Association Presidential Address: Micro Lessons for the Macro World
Microsociological studies employ a variety of techniques to examine relationships between social actors. Some of these studies focus on real-world situations and strive for high levels of face validity. Others focus on abstract social situations and strive for theoretical validity. This paper examines three areas of research that employ the latter approach to identify theoretical principles that produce valuable insights about real-world issues. …
Institutionalising Deliberative Democracy
Emergence and Completion of Structure in Initially Undefined and Partially Defined Groups
structures (e.g., status, skill) than in nontask-related structures (e.g., sentiment), and when they are advantaged in multiple structures. Initially undifferentiated actors defer to advantaged actors and form an interaction hierarchy through behavioral dynamics. We analyze time spent talking by members of groups characterized either by no initial social structure or by structures defined by status, skill, and/or sentiment. Groups with skill stru…
How Performance Expectations Arise from Sentiments
Recent studies in expectation formation processes have expanded the range of topics examined to include graduated expectations, expectation formation in nonstatus structures, and how structures based on sentiments organize interaction processes. Each of these research programs presumes that an actor receives information about self and other(s), filters this information through an evaluation process, and forms an expectation for future behavior of…
Speech Duration and Dependencies in Initially Structured and Unstructured Task Groups
Social Structure and the Duration of Social Acts
Sociological social psychological theories emphasize that patterns in social interaction are linked inextricably to social structure. To date, however, most studies have focused on frequencies of various social acts that constitute interaction; little attention has been given to patterns related to time. In a brief overview we describe how existing social psychological knowledge regarding the link between structure and action can be extended to p…
Cohesion, Solidarity, and Interaction
This paper describes a laboratory study of social integration. Assumptions regarding the social structures of groups are identified which lead to a distinction regarding the different bases for integration. These bases for social structure are hypothesized to affect social interaction in groups. Experimental evidence reported here supports the prediction that actors respond to differences in solidarity in group decision making structures by alter…
Do Women Engage in Less Task Behavior Than Men
The overwhelming evidence from data collected in mixed-gender groups is that men originate more behaviors related to solving the task confronting the group than do women. However, efforts to detect whether men and women interact differently in same-gender task groups have produced less consistent findings. Some studies report men originating more task behavior than women, but others report no such difference in task behaviors. We examine data fro…
A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data
The program EI provides a method of inferring individual behavior from aggregate data.It implements the statistical procedures, diagnostics, and graphics from the book A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data (King 1997).Ecological inference, as traditionally defined, is the process of using aggregate (i.e., "ecological") data to infer discrete individual-level relationships of interes…
Chaos in Social Theory: Explaining Complex Events with Simple Ideas
Sociological theorists have expressed dissatisfaction with traditional models of explanation in recent years. Critics have attacked the dichotomy between macro and micro explanations, the use of linear statistical models, and the separation of structure from process. Sociological theory has not developed alternatives to traditional approaches that are widely accepted. We examine one solution to these problems and show how it applies to issues in …
How Formal Status, Liking, and Ability Status Structure Interaction: Three Theoretical Principles and a Test
We begin to develop a theory of how multiple social processes structure behavior in informal task groups. Our approach is to treat three bases of social structure-status characteristics, formal position, and sentiment-as state organizing processes, and develop theoretical principles about their combined effects. Literature review suggests three general principles: (1) under specified conditions, status, formal position, and sentiment all structur…
Habermas and the Normative Foundations of a Radical Politics
Assembling Processes in a Periodic Gathering: Halloween in Athens, Ohio
This paper examines assembling processes involved in attendance at an annually recurring Halloween street celebration in Athens, Ohio. The celebration draws primarily college students from around the state of Ohio. Based on survey data from students at six large public universities in the state, we examine various factors associated with assembling processes to determine their influence on the likelihood of assembling at this event. Specifically,…
Field Methods in Cross-Cultural Research
Making Inferences from Cross-Cultural Data - Ype H Poortinga and Roy S Malpass Strategies for Design and Analysis - Roy S Malpass and Ype H Poortinga Sampling and Surveying - Walter J Lonner and John W Berry Field Work in Cross-Cultural Psychology - Robert L Munroe and Ruth H Munroe The Wording and Translation of Research Instruments - Richard W Brislin Observational Methods - Stephen Bochner Cross-Cultural Assessment - Sidney H Irvine From Pract…
On 'Accepting Significant Others
Reactions to Inequity III: Inequity and Social Influence
Two experiments were designed and performed to test an explanatory conjecture stated in an earlier paper. The conjecture says that dissonance (or cognitive imbalance) will occur among overrewarded participants in groups if, and only if, the overrewarded person is receiving or expects to receive indications of disapproval concerning how rewards are distributed in the group from an authority figure or an equitably rewarded group member. The experim…
Reactions to Inequity, II: A Replication of the Adams Experiment and a Theoretical Reformulation
A methodological critique is presented of experiments on reactions to inequity (failure of distributive justice) reported by J. Stacy Adams and coworkers. It is alleged that social pressures from the experimenter rather than perceived inequity may account for the experimental findings. A new experiment is reported in which attempts were made to remove any pressures from the experimenter. A theoretical reformulation is presented which, if correct,…
How Formal Status, Liking, and Ability Status Structure Interaction: Three Theoretical Principles and a Test
We begin to develop a theory of how multiple social processes structure behavior in informal task groups. Our approach is to treat three bases of social structure-status characteristics, formal position, and sentiment-as state organizing processes, and develop theoretical principles about their combined effects. Literature review suggests three general principles: (1) under specified conditions, status, formal position, and sentiment all structur…
Emergence and Completion of Structure in Initially Undefined and Partially Defined Groups
structures (e.g., status, skill) than in nontask-related structures (e.g., sentiment), and when they are advantaged in multiple structures. Initially undifferentiated actors defer to advantaged actors and form an interaction hierarchy through behavioral dynamics. We analyze time spent talking by members of groups characterized either by no initial social structure or by structures defined by status, skill, and/or sentiment. Groups with skill stru…
Social Structure and the Duration of Social Acts
Sociological social psychological theories emphasize that patterns in social interaction are linked inextricably to social structure. To date, however, most studies have focused on frequencies of various social acts that constitute interaction; little attention has been given to patterns related to time. In a brief overview we describe how existing social psychological knowledge regarding the link between structure and action can be extended to p…
Reactions to Inequity, II: A Replication of the Adams Experiment and a Theoretical Reformulation
A methodological critique is presented of experiments on reactions to inequity (failure of distributive justice) reported by J. Stacy Adams and coworkers. It is alleged that social pressures from the experimenter rather than perceived inequity may account for the experimental findings. A new experiment is reported in which attempts were made to remove any pressures from the experimenter. A theoretical reformulation is presented which, if correct,…
How Performance Expectations Arise from Sentiments
Recent studies in expectation formation processes have expanded the range of topics examined to include graduated expectations, expectation formation in nonstatus structures, and how structures based on sentiments organize interaction processes. Each of these research programs presumes that an actor receives information about self and other(s), filters this information through an evaluation process, and forms an expectation for future behavior of…
Speech Content and the Emergence of Inequality in Task Groups
We examine how the content of actors’ speech and the frequency with which they make contributions affect the emergence and legitimation of inequality in task groups. Previous research has focused on classifying acts, the smallest meaningful units of speech, such as providing opportunities to others to speak, making task relevant suggestions, and positively or negatively evaluating the contributions of others. We also employ a classification schem…
Habermas and the Normative Foundations of a Radical Politics
Do Women Engage in Less Task Behavior Than Men
The overwhelming evidence from data collected in mixed-gender groups is that men originate more behaviors related to solving the task confronting the group than do women. However, efforts to detect whether men and women interact differently in same-gender task groups have produced less consistent findings. Some studies report men originating more task behavior than women, but others report no such difference in task behaviors. We examine data fro…
How impartial are the observers of justice theory
Speech Duration and Dependencies in Initially Structured and Unstructured Task Groups
Assembling Processes in a Periodic Gathering: Halloween in Athens, Ohio
This paper examines assembling processes involved in attendance at an annually recurring Halloween street celebration in Athens, Ohio. The celebration draws primarily college students from around the state of Ohio. Based on survey data from students at six large public universities in the state, we examine various factors associated with assembling processes to determine their influence on the likelihood of assembling at this event. Specifically,…
Reactions to Inequity III: Inequity and Social Influence
Two experiments were designed and performed to test an explanatory conjecture stated in an earlier paper. The conjecture says that dissonance (or cognitive imbalance) will occur among overrewarded participants in groups if, and only if, the overrewarded person is receiving or expects to receive indications of disapproval concerning how rewards are distributed in the group from an authority figure or an equitably rewarded group member. The experim…
Intragroup Conflict and Cooperation: An Introduction
Institutionalising Deliberative Democracy
A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data
The program EI provides a method of inferring individual behavior from aggregate data.It implements the statistical procedures, diagnostics, and graphics from the book A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data (King 1997).Ecological inference, as traditionally defined, is the process of using aggregate (i.e., "ecological") data to infer discrete individual-level relationships of interes…
Chaos in Social Theory: Explaining Complex Events with Simple Ideas
Sociological theorists have expressed dissatisfaction with traditional models of explanation in recent years. Critics have attacked the dichotomy between macro and micro explanations, the use of linear statistical models, and the separation of structure from process. Sociological theory has not developed alternatives to traditional approaches that are widely accepted. We examine one solution to these problems and show how it applies to issues in …
Reactions to Inequity, II: A Replication of the Adams Experiment and a Theoretical Reformulation
A methodological critique is presented of experiments on reactions to inequity (failure of distributive justice) reported by J. Stacy Adams and coworkers. It is alleged that social pressures from the experimenter rather than perceived inequity may account for the experimental findings. A new experiment is reported in which attempts were made to remove any pressures from the experimenter. A theoretical reformulation is presented which, if correct,…
Reactions to Inequity III: Inequity and Social Influence
Two experiments were designed and performed to test an explanatory conjecture stated in an earlier paper. The conjecture says that dissonance (or cognitive imbalance) will occur among overrewarded participants in groups if, and only if, the overrewarded person is receiving or expects to receive indications of disapproval concerning how rewards are distributed in the group from an authority figure or an equitably rewarded group member. The experim…
On 'Accepting Significant Others
Field Methods in Cross-Cultural Research
Making Inferences from Cross-Cultural Data - Ype H Poortinga and Roy S Malpass Strategies for Design and Analysis - Roy S Malpass and Ype H Poortinga Sampling and Surveying - Walter J Lonner and John W Berry Field Work in Cross-Cultural Psychology - Robert L Munroe and Ruth H Munroe The Wording and Translation of Research Instruments - Richard W Brislin Observational Methods - Stephen Bochner Cross-Cultural Assessment - Sidney H Irvine From Pract…
Assembling Processes in a Periodic Gathering: Halloween in Athens, Ohio
This paper examines assembling processes involved in attendance at an annually recurring Halloween street celebration in Athens, Ohio. The celebration draws primarily college students from around the state of Ohio. Based on survey data from students at six large public universities in the state, we examine various factors associated with assembling processes to determine their influence on the likelihood of assembling at this event. Specifically,…
Habermas and the Normative Foundations of a Radical Politics
How Formal Status, Liking, and Ability Status Structure Interaction: Three Theoretical Principles and a Test
We begin to develop a theory of how multiple social processes structure behavior in informal task groups. Our approach is to treat three bases of social structure-status characteristics, formal position, and sentiment-as state organizing processes, and develop theoretical principles about their combined effects. Literature review suggests three general principles: (1) under specified conditions, status, formal position, and sentiment all structur…
A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data
The program EI provides a method of inferring individual behavior from aggregate data.It implements the statistical procedures, diagnostics, and graphics from the book A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem: Reconstructing Individual Behavior from Aggregate Data (King 1997).Ecological inference, as traditionally defined, is the process of using aggregate (i.e., "ecological") data to infer discrete individual-level relationships of interes…
Chaos in Social Theory: Explaining Complex Events with Simple Ideas
Sociological theorists have expressed dissatisfaction with traditional models of explanation in recent years. Critics have attacked the dichotomy between macro and micro explanations, the use of linear statistical models, and the separation of structure from process. Sociological theory has not developed alternatives to traditional approaches that are widely accepted. We examine one solution to these problems and show how it applies to issues in …
Social Structure and the Duration of Social Acts
Sociological social psychological theories emphasize that patterns in social interaction are linked inextricably to social structure. To date, however, most studies have focused on frequencies of various social acts that constitute interaction; little attention has been given to patterns related to time. In a brief overview we describe how existing social psychological knowledge regarding the link between structure and action can be extended to p…
Cohesion, Solidarity, and Interaction
This paper describes a laboratory study of social integration. Assumptions regarding the social structures of groups are identified which lead to a distinction regarding the different bases for integration. These bases for social structure are hypothesized to affect social interaction in groups. Experimental evidence reported here supports the prediction that actors respond to differences in solidarity in group decision making structures by alter…
Do Women Engage in Less Task Behavior Than Men
The overwhelming evidence from data collected in mixed-gender groups is that men originate more behaviors related to solving the task confronting the group than do women. However, efforts to detect whether men and women interact differently in same-gender task groups have produced less consistent findings. Some studies report men originating more task behavior than women, but others report no such difference in task behaviors. We examine data fro…
Institutionalising Deliberative Democracy
Emergence and Completion of Structure in Initially Undefined and Partially Defined Groups
structures (e.g., status, skill) than in nontask-related structures (e.g., sentiment), and when they are advantaged in multiple structures. Initially undifferentiated actors defer to advantaged actors and form an interaction hierarchy through behavioral dynamics. We analyze time spent talking by members of groups characterized either by no initial social structure or by structures defined by status, skill, and/or sentiment. Groups with skill stru…
How Performance Expectations Arise from Sentiments
Recent studies in expectation formation processes have expanded the range of topics examined to include graduated expectations, expectation formation in nonstatus structures, and how structures based on sentiments organize interaction processes. Each of these research programs presumes that an actor receives information about self and other(s), filters this information through an evaluation process, and forms an expectation for future behavior of…
Speech Duration and Dependencies in Initially Structured and Unstructured Task Groups
North Central Sociological Association Presidential Address: Micro Lessons for the Macro World
Microsociological studies employ a variety of techniques to examine relationships between social actors. Some of these studies focus on real-world situations and strive for high levels of face validity. Others focus on abstract social situations and strive for theoretical validity. This paper examines three areas of research that employ the latter approach to identify theoretical principles that produce valuable insights about real-world issues. …
Speech Content and the Emergence of Inequality in Task Groups
We examine how the content of actors’ speech and the frequency with which they make contributions affect the emergence and legitimation of inequality in task groups. Previous research has focused on classifying acts, the smallest meaningful units of speech, such as providing opportunities to others to speak, making task relevant suggestions, and positively or negatively evaluating the contributions of others. We also employ a classification schem…
Intragroup Conflict and Cooperation: An Introduction
How Sentiments Organize Social Action
Sociological studies of affect and associated processes have a long tradition in the discipline, originating with Durkheim's interest in religious belief and practice. Contemporary interest in the area has focused on several distinct instances in which affective evaluations are learned, are expressed toward others, organize behavior in social situations, and change. Attitudes, emotions , feelings, moods, and sentiments are distinguished from one …
How impartial are the observers of justice theory
Sentiments as Status Processes? A Theoretical Reformulation from the Expectation States Tradition
Do the ties that bind also create social inequality? Using an expectation states theoretical framework, we elaborate status characteristics and behavior-status theories to explore how sentiments, network connections based on liking and disliking, may affect processes entailing status, the prestige based on one's differentially valued social distinctions. Within task groups, we theorize that positive and negative sentiments may themselves be statu…
Psychology (14 works) · Sociology (14 works) · Political science (13 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Computer Science (12 works) · Social Power and Status Dynamics (12 works) · Law (8 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (8 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Epistemology (7 works)