C H Brown
Biographic Data
| ID | 25146 |
|---|---|
| NAME | C H Brown |
| GIVEN NAMES | C H |
| FAMILY NAME | Brown |
| SIGNATURE | BROWN C H |
| AFFILIATIONS | Northwestern University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0294-2419 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 42 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 258 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 42 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1957 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Economic evaluation of water resources projects under uncertainty: From theory to practice
Economic evaluation using cost benefit analysis (CBA) focuses on the allocation of scarce resources to competing needs and often requires a multi-objective approach for accurate analysis. However, known and unforeseen project uncertainties hinder the monetary quantification of all project objectives. Future cost and benefit projections of civil infrastructure such as water resources projects are influenced by uncertainties in societal preferences…
Culturally responsive training: Exploring grief, loss, and spirituality
Comparing Implementation and Effectiveness Outcomes for Two Implementation Strategies of the Keep It Up! Digital HIV Prevention Program: A Type 3 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Trial
This study sought to compare implementation and effectiveness outcomes for two delivery strategies of a digital HIV prevention intervention: community-based organization (CBO) versus direct-to-consumer (DTC). A type III hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial compared two implementation strategies of Keep It Up! (KIU! ) for young men who have sex with men (YMSM) (n = 2124). Data were collected at baseline and 12-weeks in 2019-2023. DTC enrolled…
Overdose deaths before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in a US county
Introduction: Globally, overdose deaths increased near the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, which created availability and access barriers to addiction and social services. Especially in times of a crisis like a pandemic, local exposures, service availability and access, and system responses have major influence on people who use drugs. For policy makers to be effective, an understanding at the local level is needed. Methods: This retrospectiv…
Don't Get Lost in Translation: Integrating Developmental and Implementation Sciences to Accelerate Real-World Impact on Children's Development, Health, and Wellbeing
Translation of developmental science discoveries is impeded by numerous barriers at different stages of the research-to-practice pipeline. Actualization of the vast potential of the developmental sciences to improve children's health and development in the real world is imperative but has not yet been fully realized. In this commentary, we argue that an integrated developmental-implementation sciences framework will result in a translational mind…
Wingman-Connect Program increases social integration for Air Force personnel at elevated suicide risk: Social network analysis of a cluster RCT
U.S. military suicides are increasing and disrupted relationships frequently precede them. Group-level interventions are needed that reduce future suicide vulnerability among healthy members and also ameliorate risk among those already suicidal. We examined whether our Wingman-Connect Program (W-CP) strengthened Air Force relationship networks and socially integrated at-risk members. Air Force personnel classes in training were randomized to W-CP…
Implementation Research Methodologies for Achieving Scientific Equity and Health Equity
Implementation science has great potential to improve the health of communities and individuals who are not achieving health equity. However, implementation science can exacerbate health disparities if its use is biased toward entities that already have the highest capacities for delivering evidence-based interventions. In this article, we examine several methodologic approaches for conducting implementation research to advance equity both in our…
Redesigning Implementation Measurement for Monitoring and Quality Improvement in Community Delivery Settings
Exploring Potential Implementation Barriers and Facilitators of the SMART Program: A Stepped-Care Package of eHealth HIV Prevention Interventions for Adolescent Men Who Have Sex with Men
Empowerment Evaluation: A Case Study of Citywide Implementation Within an HIV Prevention Context
HIV continues to significantly impact the health of communities, particularly affecting racially and ethnically diverse men who have sex with men and transgender women. In response, health departments often fund a number of community organizations to provide each of these subgroups with comprehensive and culturally responsive services. To this point, evaluators have focused on individual interventions, but have largely overlooked the complex envi…
“Scaling-out” evidence-based interventions to new populations or new health care delivery systems
BACKGROUND: Implementing treatments and interventions with demonstrated effectiveness is critical for improving patient health outcomes at a reduced cost. When an evidence-based intervention (EBI) is implemented with fidelity in a setting that is very similar to the setting wherein it was previously found to be effective, it is reasonable to anticipate similar benefits of that EBI. However, one goal of implementation science is to expand the use …
Parent-Centered Prevention of Risky Behaviors Among Hispanic Youths in Florida
Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based, parent-centered intervention, Familias Unidas, delivered by nonresearch personnel, in preventing substance use (alcohol, illicit drugs) and sex without a condom among Hispanic adolescents. Methods. A randomized controlled trial (n = 746) evaluated the effectiveness of Familias Unidas among Hispanic eighth graders (age range = 12–16 years), relative to prevention as usual, within a pu…
Social Network Analysis for Program Implementation
This paper introduces the use of social network analysis theory and tools for implementation research. The social network perspective is useful for understanding, monitoring, influencing, or evaluating the implementation process when programs, policies, practices, or principles are designed and scaled up or adapted to different settings. We briefly describe common barriers to implementation success and relate them to the social networks of implem…
A Mixed Methods Approach to Network Data Collection
There is a growing interest in examining network processes with a mix of qualitative and quantitative network data. Research has consistently shown that free recall name generators entail recall bias and result in missing data that affect the quality of social network data. This study describes a mixed methods approach for collecting social network data, combining a free recall name generator in the context of an online survey with network relati…
Macro-level approaches to HIV prevention among ethnic minority youth: State of the science, opportunities, and challenges
The HIV epidemic continues to disproportionately affect ethnic minority youth. These disconcerting health disparities indicate that although existing HIV preventive strategies for ethnic minority youth have been efficacious, they have not significantly reduced the impact of the epidemic in this population. Macro-level interventions, such as structural or policy interventions, have the potential to impact the HIV epidemic at a population level, an…
Is the Rate of Suicide Among Veterans Elevated
The authors reflect on the suicide rate among U.S. military veterans. They suggest that there are conflicting and possibly biased research results regarding the suicide rate of U.S. military veterans. They argue that additional research needs to be conducted to find verified data on the risk of suicide among U.S. veterans
Predictors of quality of life in type 2 diabetes patients with schizophrenia, major mood disorder, and without mental illness
The Relationship of Perceived Neighborhood Social Climate to Walking in Hispanic Older Adults: A Longitudinal, Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis
Perceptions of a more positive neighborhood social environment may promote walking in urban, older Hispanics
Depressive Symptoms, Social Support, and Walking Among Hispanic Older Adults
Receiving too much instrumental support was related to sedentary behavior among depressed older adults
Promotion as Prevention: Positive Youth Development as Protective against Tobacco, Alcohol, Illicit Drug, and Sex Initiation
The present study was designed to examine the association of positive youth development with the likelihood of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, hard drug, and sex initiation between 5th and 10th grades. A national, largely middle-class sample of 5,305 adolescents, participating in a longitudinal study funded by the National 4-H Council (although not all participants were enrolled in 4-H or other after-school programs), completed measures of positive …
Neighborhood context and the development of aggression in boys and girls
We examine the roles of neighborhood characteristics in the development of the aggressive behavior of 1,409 urban boys and girls between the first and seventh grades. The multilevel, longitudinal growth analyses find strong neighborhood effects in all models, while controlling for individual‐level variables. Results indicated that the effects of neighborhood violence, employment, income, and percentages of single males and female‐headed household…
An Outcome Evaluation of the Sources of Strength Suicide Prevention Program Delivered by Adolescent Peer Leaders in High Schools
Objectives. We examined the effectiveness of the Sources of Strength suicide prevention program in enhancing protective factors among peer leaders trained to conduct schoolwide messaging and among the full population of high school students. Methods. Eighteen high schools—6 metropolitan and 12 rural—were randomly assigned to immediate intervention or the wait-list control. Surveys were administered at baseline and 4 months after program implement…
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Familias Unidas for Hispanic Adolescents With Behavior Problems
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Familias Unidas, a Hispanic-specific, parent-centered intervention, in preventing/reducing adolescent substance use, unsafe sexual behavior, and externalizing disorders. METHODS: A total of 213 8th grade Hispanic adolescents with behavior problems and their primary caregivers were assigned randomly to one of two conditions: Familias Unidas or Community Control. Participants were assessed at baseline and at 6…
School, Family, and Peer Factors and Their Association with Substance Use in Hispanic Adolescents
Relationships of Social Context and Identity to Problem Behavior Among High-Risk Hispanic Adolescents
The present study was designed to examine (a) family and school functioning and (b) personal and ethnic identity are associated with conduct problems, drug use, and sexual risk taking in a sample of 227 high-risk Hispanic adolescents. Adolescents participated in the study with their primary parents, who were mostly mothers. Adolescents completed measures of family and school functioning, personal and ethnic identity, conduct problems, and drug us…
On Uprooting, Kinship, and the Auspices of Migration
Proximal Impact of Two First‐Grade Preventive Interventions on the Early Risk Behaviors for Later Substance Abuse, Depression, and Antisocial Behavior
We assessed the immediate effects of two universal, first‐grade preventive interventions on the proximal targets of poor achievement, concentration problems, aggression, and shy behaviors, known early risk behaviors for later substance use/abuse, affective disorder, and conduct disorder. The classroom‐centered (CC) intervention was designed to reduce these early risk behaviors by enhancing teachers' behavior management and instructional skills, w…
An Outcome Evaluation of the Sources of Strength Suicide Prevention Program Delivered by Adolescent Peer Leaders in High Schools
Objectives. We examined the effectiveness of the Sources of Strength suicide prevention program in enhancing protective factors among peer leaders trained to conduct schoolwide messaging and among the full population of high school students. Methods. Eighteen high schools—6 metropolitan and 12 rural—were randomly assigned to immediate intervention or the wait-list control. Surveys were administered at baseline and 4 months after program implement…
The Long-Term Evolution of the Family Structure of Teenage and Older Mothers
Research into the evolution of the, family structure is important in understanding the consequences of teenage motherhood. In this longitudinal study of black, urban mothers in Woodlawn, a Chicago community, we compare 15 years of family evolution of teenage and older mothers. Teenage mothers not only frequently begin child rearing as the only adult at home but also are at high risk of becoming the only adult and remaining so as long as 15 years …
The decision to investigate: Child protection practice in 12 local agencies
Developmental epidemiologically based preventive trials: Baseline modeling of early target behaviors and depressive symptoms
Describes a conceptual framework for identifying and targeting developmental antecedents in early childhood that have been shown in previous work to predict delinquency and violent behavior, heavy drug use, depression, and other psychiatric symptoms and possibly disorders in late adolescence and into adulthood. Criteria are described that guided choices of targets for two epidemiologically based, randomized preventive trials carried out in 19 ele…
Principles for Designing Randomized Preventive Trials in Mental Health: An Emerging Developmental Epidemiology Paradigm
An emerging population‐based paradigm is now being used to guide the design of preventive trials used to test developmental models. We discuss elements of the designs of several ongoing randomized preventive trials involving reduction of risk for children of divorce, for children who exhibit behavioral or learning problems, and for children whose parents are being treated for depression. To test developmental models using this paradigm, we introd…
Neighborhood context and the development of aggression in boys and girls
We examine the roles of neighborhood characteristics in the development of the aggressive behavior of 1,409 urban boys and girls between the first and seventh grades. The multilevel, longitudinal growth analyses find strong neighborhood effects in all models, while controlling for individual‐level variables. Results indicated that the effects of neighborhood violence, employment, income, and percentages of single males and female‐headed household…
Relationships of Social Context and Identity to Problem Behavior Among High-Risk Hispanic Adolescents
The present study was designed to examine (a) family and school functioning and (b) personal and ethnic identity are associated with conduct problems, drug use, and sexual risk taking in a sample of 227 high-risk Hispanic adolescents. Adolescents participated in the study with their primary parents, who were mostly mothers. Adolescents completed measures of family and school functioning, personal and ethnic identity, conduct problems, and drug us…
Is the Rate of Suicide Among Veterans Elevated
The authors reflect on the suicide rate among U.S. military veterans. They suggest that there are conflicting and possibly biased research results regarding the suicide rate of U.S. military veterans. They argue that additional research needs to be conducted to find verified data on the risk of suicide among U.S. veterans
Ecological factors and screening in child protective services
A Mixed Methods Approach to Network Data Collection
There is a growing interest in examining network processes with a mix of qualitative and quantitative network data. Research has consistently shown that free recall name generators entail recall bias and result in missing data that affect the quality of social network data. This study describes a mixed methods approach for collecting social network data, combining a free recall name generator in the context of an online survey with network relati…
Sex Differences in Antecedents of Substance Use Among Adolescents
This research focuses on sex differences in teenage marijuana, alcohol and cigarette use. The population consisted of the 705 first‐graders of Woodlawn (a poor black Chicago neighborhood) who were assessed in first grade in 1966–1967 and reassessed ten years later. Teenage males reported more use of marijuana and alcohol than females but males and females reported similar use of cigarettes. We examined these sex differences from two theoretical p…
Parent-Centered Prevention of Risky Behaviors Among Hispanic Youths in Florida
Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based, parent-centered intervention, Familias Unidas, delivered by nonresearch personnel, in preventing substance use (alcohol, illicit drugs) and sex without a condom among Hispanic adolescents. Methods. A randomized controlled trial (n = 746) evaluated the effectiveness of Familias Unidas among Hispanic eighth graders (age range = 12–16 years), relative to prevention as usual, within a pu…
Using classification and regression trees (Cart) to support worker decision making
Journal Article Using classification and regression trees (CART) to support worker decision making Get access Michelle A. Johnson, MSW, Michelle A. Johnson, MSW planner Child Welfare Services Branch, Social Services Devision, Department of Human Services, 810 Richards Street, Suite 400, Honolulu, HI 96813; e-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Hendricks Brown, PhD, C. Hendric…
Analyzing preventive trials with generalized additive models
Described a new class of nonparametric regression procedures called generalized additive models (Hastie and Tibshirani, 1991) for assessing intervention effects in mental health preventive field trials. Such models are often better than analysis of covariance models for examining intervention effects adjusted for one or more baseline characteristics and for assessing potential interactions between the intervention and baseline characteristics. Be…
Empowerment Evaluation: A Case Study of Citywide Implementation Within an HIV Prevention Context
HIV continues to significantly impact the health of communities, particularly affecting racially and ethnically diverse men who have sex with men and transgender women. In response, health departments often fund a number of community organizations to provide each of these subgroups with comprehensive and culturally responsive services. To this point, evaluators have focused on individual interventions, but have largely overlooked the complex envi…
The Relationship of Perceived Neighborhood Social Climate to Walking in Hispanic Older Adults: A Longitudinal, Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis
Perceptions of a more positive neighborhood social environment may promote walking in urban, older Hispanics
Wingman-Connect Program increases social integration for Air Force personnel at elevated suicide risk: Social network analysis of a cluster RCT
U.S. military suicides are increasing and disrupted relationships frequently precede them. Group-level interventions are needed that reduce future suicide vulnerability among healthy members and also ameliorate risk among those already suicidal. We examined whether our Wingman-Connect Program (W-CP) strengthened Air Force relationship networks and socially integrated at-risk members. Air Force personnel classes in training were randomized to W-CP…
Exploring Potential Implementation Barriers and Facilitators of the SMART Program: A Stepped-Care Package of eHealth HIV Prevention Interventions for Adolescent Men Who Have Sex with Men
Depressive Symptoms, Social Support, and Walking Among Hispanic Older Adults
Receiving too much instrumental support was related to sedentary behavior among depressed older adults
La Litterature orale en Gaspesie
On Uprooting, Kinship, and the Auspices of Migration
Memory After Reading Aloud and Reading Silently
Twenty‐four housewives read passages aloud and silently in balanced order, and then answered questions on them. Time allowed for silent reading was matched to time taken to read aloud. Memory for the first 30 per cent of the passage was reliably ( P P
Sex Differences in Antecedents of Substance Use Among Adolescents
This research focuses on sex differences in teenage marijuana, alcohol and cigarette use. The population consisted of the 705 first‐graders of Woodlawn (a poor black Chicago neighborhood) who were assessed in first grade in 1966–1967 and reassessed ten years later. Teenage males reported more use of marijuana and alcohol than females but males and females reported similar use of cigarettes. We examined these sex differences from two theoretical p…
The Long-Term Evolution of the Family Structure of Teenage and Older Mothers
Research into the evolution of the, family structure is important in understanding the consequences of teenage motherhood. In this longitudinal study of black, urban mothers in Woodlawn, a Chicago community, we compare 15 years of family evolution of teenage and older mothers. Teenage mothers not only frequently begin child rearing as the only adult at home but also are at high risk of becoming the only adult and remaining so as long as 15 years …
Comparison of mediational selected strategies and sequential designs for preventive trials: Comments on a proposal by pillow et al
Mediational selection designs can increase the chance of finding an intervention to be statistically better than a control when compared to interventions applied to a selected subpopulation such as all children of divorce. Selection based on poor mediational variable scores creates a high expectation that many subjects will benefit because it matches a population to a given intervention strategy. It does not permit examination of the impact on ot…
Developmental epidemiologically based preventive trials: Baseline modeling of early target behaviors and depressive symptoms
Describes a conceptual framework for identifying and targeting developmental antecedents in early childhood that have been shown in previous work to predict delinquency and violent behavior, heavy drug use, depression, and other psychiatric symptoms and possibly disorders in late adolescence and into adulthood. Criteria are described that guided choices of targets for two epidemiologically based, randomized preventive trials carried out in 19 ele…
Analyzing preventive trials with generalized additive models
Described a new class of nonparametric regression procedures called generalized additive models (Hastie and Tibshirani, 1991) for assessing intervention effects in mental health preventive field trials. Such models are often better than analysis of covariance models for examining intervention effects adjusted for one or more baseline characteristics and for assessing potential interactions between the intervention and baseline characteristics. Be…
The decision to investigate: Child protection practice in 12 local agencies
Proximal Impact of Two First‐Grade Preventive Interventions on the Early Risk Behaviors for Later Substance Abuse, Depression, and Antisocial Behavior
We assessed the immediate effects of two universal, first‐grade preventive interventions on the proximal targets of poor achievement, concentration problems, aggression, and shy behaviors, known early risk behaviors for later substance use/abuse, affective disorder, and conduct disorder. The classroom‐centered (CC) intervention was designed to reduce these early risk behaviors by enhancing teachers' behavior management and instructional skills, w…
Principles for Designing Randomized Preventive Trials in Mental Health: An Emerging Developmental Epidemiology Paradigm
An emerging population‐based paradigm is now being used to guide the design of preventive trials used to test developmental models. We discuss elements of the designs of several ongoing randomized preventive trials involving reduction of risk for children of divorce, for children who exhibit behavioral or learning problems, and for children whose parents are being treated for depression. To test developmental models using this paradigm, we introd…
Using classification and regression trees (Cart) to support worker decision making
Journal Article Using classification and regression trees (CART) to support worker decision making Get access Michelle A. Johnson, MSW, Michelle A. Johnson, MSW planner Child Welfare Services Branch, Social Services Devision, Department of Human Services, 810 Richards Street, Suite 400, Honolulu, HI 96813; e-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Hendricks Brown, PhD, C. Hendric…
Ecological factors and screening in child protective services
Examining the Effects of School‐Based Drug Prevention Programs on Drug Use in Rural Settings: Methodology and Initial Findings
Context: Although there have been substantial advances in knowledge about drug prevention over the last decade, the majority of school‐based drug prevention studies have been conducted in urban settings. There is little knowledge about the effectiveness of such programs when they are implemented in rural populations. Purpose: To examine the prevention effects of school‐based drug prevention programs implemented in rural populations. Methods: Mixe…
The Effect of Extreme Marijuana Use on the Long-Term Course of Bipolar I Illness: Single Case Study
The effect of marijuana on bipolar disorder has never been systematically evaluated. Subjective reports by patients suggest an overall positive effect, but these may be unreliable. We herein report a case in which mood data was prospectively collected over two years of total substance abstinence and two years of extreme marijuana use. Marijuana use did not alter the total number of days of abnormal mood, however, marijuana was associated with an …
Immigration Generation Status and its Association with Suicide Attempts, Substance Use, and Depressive Symptoms among Latino Adolescents in the USA
Randomized trial of a gatekeeper program for suicide prevention: 1-Year Impact on Secondary School Staff.
Gatekeeper-training programs, designed to increase identification and referral of suicidal individuals, are widespread but largely untested. A group-based randomized trial with 32 schools examined impact of Question, Persuade, Refer (QPR) training on a stratified random sample of 249 staff with 1-year average follow-up. To test QPR impact, the authors introduced and contrasted 2 models of gatekeeper-training effects in a population: gatekeeper su…
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Familias Unidas for Hispanic Adolescents With Behavior Problems
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Familias Unidas, a Hispanic-specific, parent-centered intervention, in preventing/reducing adolescent substance use, unsafe sexual behavior, and externalizing disorders. METHODS: A total of 213 8th grade Hispanic adolescents with behavior problems and their primary caregivers were assigned randomly to one of two conditions: Familias Unidas or Community Control. Participants were assessed at baseline and at 6…
School, Family, and Peer Factors and Their Association with Substance Use in Hispanic Adolescents
Relationships of Social Context and Identity to Problem Behavior Among High-Risk Hispanic Adolescents
The present study was designed to examine (a) family and school functioning and (b) personal and ethnic identity are associated with conduct problems, drug use, and sexual risk taking in a sample of 227 high-risk Hispanic adolescents. Adolescents participated in the study with their primary parents, who were mostly mothers. Adolescents completed measures of family and school functioning, personal and ethnic identity, conduct problems, and drug us…
Promotion as Prevention: Positive Youth Development as Protective against Tobacco, Alcohol, Illicit Drug, and Sex Initiation
The present study was designed to examine the association of positive youth development with the likelihood of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, hard drug, and sex initiation between 5th and 10th grades. A national, largely middle-class sample of 5,305 adolescents, participating in a longitudinal study funded by the National 4-H Council (although not all participants were enrolled in 4-H or other after-school programs), completed measures of positive …
Neighborhood context and the development of aggression in boys and girls
We examine the roles of neighborhood characteristics in the development of the aggressive behavior of 1,409 urban boys and girls between the first and seventh grades. The multilevel, longitudinal growth analyses find strong neighborhood effects in all models, while controlling for individual‐level variables. Results indicated that the effects of neighborhood violence, employment, income, and percentages of single males and female‐headed household…
An Outcome Evaluation of the Sources of Strength Suicide Prevention Program Delivered by Adolescent Peer Leaders in High Schools
Objectives. We examined the effectiveness of the Sources of Strength suicide prevention program in enhancing protective factors among peer leaders trained to conduct schoolwide messaging and among the full population of high school students. Methods. Eighteen high schools—6 metropolitan and 12 rural—were randomly assigned to immediate intervention or the wait-list control. Surveys were administered at baseline and 4 months after program implement…
Predictors of quality of life in type 2 diabetes patients with schizophrenia, major mood disorder, and without mental illness
The Relationship of Perceived Neighborhood Social Climate to Walking in Hispanic Older Adults: A Longitudinal, Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis
Perceptions of a more positive neighborhood social environment may promote walking in urban, older Hispanics
Medicine (31 works) · Psychology (30 works) · Psychiatry (20 works) · Clinical Psychology (15 works) · Environmental health (15 works) · Nursing (13 works) · Public health (12 works) · Computer Science (10 works) · Family medicine (10 works) · Political science (10 works)