Boriana Pratt
Biographic Data
| ID | 255354 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Boriana Pratt |
| GIVEN NAMES | Boriana |
| FAMILY NAME | Pratt |
| SIGNATURE | PRATT B |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Melbourne |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4934-3560 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 51 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 27 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 51 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2011 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Strengthening an Ethical Framework and Research Practice to Better Link Global Health Research to Health Equity
An ethical framework titled “Research for Health Justice” has been developed that provides global health researchers with guidance on how to design their research to promote health equity and global justice. This study sought to test the framework’s guidance by comparing it to the governance and experiences of the “Severe Pre-eclampsia adverse Outcome Triage” (SPOT)-Impact consortium—a transdisciplinary maternal health research consortium. The ai…
Cardiovascular Health among Young Adults
We examine the associations between characteristics of young adults’ communities and their cardiovascular health. Young adult cardiovascular health (CVH) is assessed by a set of eight factors encompassing both health-related behaviors and clinical metrics. We analyze a recent data collection effort fielded during 2021-2023: The Future of Families – Cardiovascular Health Among Young Adults (FF-CHAYA) study, designed to examine the social determina…
Understandings and practices of solidarity in global health
Rising interest in solidarity in global health reflects a growing need to understand why and how it can shape global health policy, practice, and research. This study seeks to review existing studies on solidarity in relation to global health and to identify gaps in current knowledge. We conducted a scoping review of papers published between 2007 and 2024 to explore how solidarity is conceptualised and practised in the context of global health. O…
Addressing the Covid‐induced healthcare backlog
The COVID‐19 pandemic created healthcare backlogs of routine primary and preventive care, elective procedures, dental care, and mental healthcare appointments across the world. So far, governments are responding by enacting pandemic recovery policies that expand their healthcare sector activity, without much, if any, consideration of its effects on the environmental crisis that is (among other things) worsening human health and health equity. Thi…
Healthcare Resource Allocation and Environmental Sustainability
Our healthcare systems are responsible for delivering essential, often life-saving care to patients within the society that they serve. It has long been recognised that healthcare systems, as basic social institutions, have duties of health and social justice.1 Healthcare systems should help ensure people are free of preventable morbidity and mortality2 and able to function normally3 such that they can achieve either a normal lifespan of decent q…
Reimagining Social Value to Consider the Environment
Growing recognition of intersections between our health and the environment, healthcare systems and the environment, and health research and the environment has led bioethics scholars to advocate that the field readopt a broader perspective that considers nature. As part of doing so, we urgently need to reimagine research ethics concepts and frameworks so that they account for the environment. This paper focuses on how we should reinterpret the e…
In hospital resource allocation conflicts between health goods and environmental goods, a relational, co‐benefits frame, rather than a dualistic, competing goods frame, is key
Health systems contribute to the environmental crisis. Yet, addressing this problem seems to generate a resource allocation dilemma for hospitals: investing in healthcare delivery seems to mean sacrificing environmental goods, and vice versa. We question this zero‐sum thinking. After presenting the benefits of investing in the two seemingly competing goods—environmental goods and health goods—we propose that the apparent dilemma arises due to a t…
Life course exposure to work strain and cognitive disparities by race and ethnicity
There is a well-documented association between exposure to occupational strain and adverse older adult cognition. However, limited research examines differences in this association by race and ethnicity despite considerable disparities in older adult cognition and occupational segregation in the U.S. Using work history data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we construct comprehensive measures of exposure to occupational strain over…
Solidarity and its decoloniality in global health ethics
Solidarity is one of the emerging values in global health ethics, and a few pieces of bioethics literature link it to decoloniality. However, conceptions of solidarity in global health ethics are influenced primarily by Western perspectives, thus suggesting the decolonial needs to include non-Western perspectives. This article explores a decolonial interpretation of solidarity to enrich our understanding of solidarity. It employs a palaver approa…
Examining Work Temporality Across the U.S. Latino Population by Nativity and Citizenship
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Functional Limitations Among U.S.-born Older Adults
Work is an important contributor to racial and ethnic disparities in health across the life course. Because functional limitations at older ages are associated with accumulated physical wear and tear throughout life, investigating work-related mechanisms that differentially expose Black and Hispanic Americans to difficult material circumstances over time is an important step toward understanding these disparities. Using a new data source of lifet…
Unequal Exposure to Occupational Stress across the Life Course
Work, a segregated social context in the United States, may be an important source of differential exposure to stress by race/ethnicity, but existing research does not systematically describe variation in exposure to occupational stress by race/ethnicity. Using work history data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study and occupational-level measures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Occupational Information Network, the authors docume…
What constitutes equitable data sharing in global health research? A scoping review of the literature on low-income and middle-income country stakeholders’ perspectives
INTRODUCTION: Despite growing consensus on the need for equitable data sharing, there has been very limited discussion about what this should entail in practice. As a matter of procedural fairness and epistemic justice, the perspectives of low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) stakeholders must inform concepts of equitable health research data sharing. This paper investigates published perspectives in relation to how equitable data sharing …
Epistemic justice in bioethics
Where is knowledge from the global South? An account of epistemic justice for a global bioethics
The silencing of the epistemologies, theories, principles, values, concepts and experiences of the global South constitutes a particularly egregious epistemic injustice in bioethics. Our shared responsibility to rectify that injustice should be at the top of the ethics agenda. That it is not, or only is in part, is deeply problematic and endangers the credibility of the entire field. As a first step towards reorienting the field, this paper offer…
Expanding health justice to consider the environment
We are in the midst of a global crisis of climate change and environmental degradation to which the healthcare sector directly contributes. Yet conceptions of health justice have little to say about the environment. They purport societies should ensure adequate health for their populations but fail to require doing so in ways that avoid environmental harm or injustice. We need to expand our understanding of health justice to consider the environm…
A multidimensional account of social justice for global health research
A transformation of global health research is urgently needed if it is to eliminate long‐standing structural inequities within the field and help reduce global health disparities. Ethics has a key role to play in fostering such a transformation: it can help identify what the transformation should entail. Yet, ethics scholarship linking global health research to greater equity and social justice has limited authority and capacity to do so for two …
Cognitive Health Disparities by Race and Ethnicity
Disparities in older age cognitive health by race/ethnicity persist even after controlling for individual-level indicators of childhood and adult socioeconomic status. High levels of labor market segregation mean that Black and Latino workers, on average, may not have the same exposure to jobs involving complex work with data and people as their White counterparts, aspects of work that appear to be protective of older adult cognition. However, th…
What Should Engagement in Health Research Look Like? Perspectives from People with Lived Experience, Members of the Public, and Engagement Managers
Engagement in health research is increasingly practised worldwide. Yet many questions remain under debate in the ethics field about its contribution to health research and these debates have largely not been informed by those who have been engaged in health research. This paper addresses the following key questions: what should the ethical goals of engagement in health research be and how should it be performed? Qualitative data were generated by…
Towards equitable genomics governance in Africa
The post‐genomics era promises a revolution characterized by precision medicine and the integration of genomics into almost every area of biomedical research. At the same time, there are concerns that if care is not taken, the genomics revolution may widen global inequities in science and health. In Africa, these concerns are primarily linked to the underrepresentation of African populations in genomics research, limited genomics research capacit…
Sustainable global health practice
We are in the midst of a crisis of climate change and environmental degradation that will only get worse, unless significant changes are rapidly made. Globally, the healthcare sector causes a large share of our total environmental footprint: 4.4% of greenhouse gases. Sustainable healthcare has emerged as a way for healthcare sectors in high‐income countries to help mitigate climate change by reducing their emissions. Whether global health should …
Authors’ Response to “Invited Commentary on ‘Combatting Neo-colonialism in Health Research
Overcoming structural barriers to sharing power with communities in global health research priority-setting
Community engagement is gaining prominence in global health research. But communities rarely have a say in the agendas or conduct of the very health research projects that aim to help them. This paper provides new evidence on how to share power in priority-setting in ways that seek to overcome structural constraints created by the funding environment. The five strategies were identified through case study research on the Participation for Local A…
How is inclusiveness in health systems research priority-setting affected when community organizations lead the process
Community engagement is gaining prominence in health research. But communities rarely have a say in the agendas or conduct of the very health research projects that aim to help them. One way thought to achieve greater inclusion for communities throughout health research projects, including during priority-setting, is for researchers to partner with community organizations (COs). This paper provides initial empirical evidence as to the complexitie…
Equitable Design and Use of Digital Surveillance Technologies During Covid-19
Given the unprecedented scale of digital surveillance in the COVID-19 pandemic, designing and implementing digital technologies in ways that are equitable is critical now and in future epidemics and pandemics. Yet to date there has been very limited consideration about what is necessary to promote their equitable design and implementation. In this study, literature relating to the use of digital surveillance technologies during epidemics and pand…
Inclusion of Marginalized Groups and Communities in Global Health Research Priority-Setting
Community engagement is gaining prominence in global health research. But community members, especially those from groups and communities that are considered disadvantaged and marginalized, rarely have a say in the agendas and priorities of the research projects that aim to help them. This article explores how to achieve their inclusion in priority-setting for global health research projects. A total of 29 in-depth interviews and one focus group …
Towards deep inclusion for equity-oriented health research priority-setting
Towards inclusive priority-setting for global health research projects
Global health research priority-setting is dominated by funders and researchers, often from high-income countries. Engaging communities that are considered disadvantaged and marginalized in priority-setting is essential to making their voices and concerns visible in global health research projects’ topics and questions. However, without attention to power dynamics, their engagement can often lead to presence without voice and voice without influe…
Governance of global health research consortia
Cognitive Health Disparities by Race and Ethnicity
Disparities in older age cognitive health by race/ethnicity persist even after controlling for individual-level indicators of childhood and adult socioeconomic status. High levels of labor market segregation mean that Black and Latino workers, on average, may not have the same exposure to jobs involving complex work with data and people as their White counterparts, aspects of work that appear to be protective of older adult cognition. However, th…
Combatting neo-Colonialism in Health Research
The ethics of research involving Aboriginal populations and low and middle-income country populations each developed out of a long history of exploitative research projects and partnerships. Commonalities and differences between the two fields have not yet been examined. This study undertook two independent literature searches for Aboriginal health research ethics and global health research ethics. Content analysis identified shared and different…
Unequal Exposure to Occupational Stress across the Life Course
Work, a segregated social context in the United States, may be an important source of differential exposure to stress by race/ethnicity, but existing research does not systematically describe variation in exposure to occupational stress by race/ethnicity. Using work history data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study and occupational-level measures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Occupational Information Network, the authors docume…
Fogarty Research Ethics Training Programs in the Asia-Pacific
In-depth interviews were undertaken with nine principal investigators and 16 former trainees from eight FIC programs recruiting trainees from the Asia-Pacific to assess the impact of training. Incorporation of new knowledge into teaching, research, and medical practice; advanced training; and ethics committee participation were the most common outcomes identified. When attempting to implement ethics activities posttraining, trainees often had to …
Justice in International Clinical Research
Debates about justice in international clinical research problematically conflate two quite different forms of obligation. International research ethics guidelines were intended to describe how to conduct biomedical research in a just manner at the micro or clinical level (within the researcher-participant interaction) but have come to include requirements that are clearly intended to promote justice at the global level. Ethicists have also made …
Linking Research to Global Health Equity
Certain product development partnerships (PDPs) recognize that to promote the reduction of global health disparities they must create access to their products and strengthen research capacity in developing countries. We evaluated the contribution of 3 PDPs—Medicines for Malaria Venture, Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, and Institute for One World Health—according to Frost and Reich’s access framework. We also evaluated PDPs’ capacity buil…
Perspectives from South and East Asia on Clinical and Research Ethics
A review was conducted of english-language peer-reviewed and gray literature on health and ethics written by authors from Bangladesh, China, India, and Pakistan. This was supplemented by the knowledge of co-authors who are involved in bioethics capacity building in these countries. Of the identified literature that focused on the application of Western principles, it largely discussed informed consent and revealed norms in clinical decision-makin…
The ethics of health systems research in low- and middle-income countries
The increasing conduct of health systems research (HSR) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has not been matched by concurrent work to clarify the field's ethical dimensions. To begin to address this gap, a two-day workshop on the ethics of HSR in LMICs was convened at Johns Hopkins University in June 2013. Participants included health systems researchers, philosophers, lawyers, bioethicists and institutional review board members from Bot…
Fogarty Research Ethics Training Programs in the Asia-Pacific
In-depth interviews were undertaken with nine principal investigators and 16 former trainees from eight FIC programs recruiting trainees from the Asia-Pacific to assess the impact of training. Incorporation of new knowledge into teaching, research, and medical practice; advanced training; and ethics committee participation were the most common outcomes identified. When attempting to implement ethics activities posttraining, trainees often had to …
Exploitation and community engagement
It has been suggested that community advisory boards ( CABs ) can play a role in minimising exploitation in international research. To get a better idea of what this requires and whether it might be achievable, the paper first describes core elements that we suggest must be in place for a CAB to reduce the potential for exploitation. The paper then examines a CAB established by the Shoklo Malaria Research Unit under conditions common in resource‐…
Health Systems Research Consortia and the Promotion of Health Equity in Low and Middle‐Income Countries
Health systems research is widely identified as an indispensable means to achieve the goal of health equity between and within countries. Numerous health systems research consortia comprised of institutions from high‐income countries and low and middle‐income countries ( LMIC s) are currently undertaking programs of research in LMIC s. These partnerships differ from collaborations that carry out single projects in the multiplicity of their goals,…
Towards deep inclusion for equity-oriented health research priority-setting
Ethics of health policy and systems research
Health policy and systems research (HPSR) is increasingly funded and undertaken as part of health system strengthening efforts worldwide. HPSR ethics is also a relatively new and emerging field, with numerous normative and descriptive questions that have largely not been considered. Normative questions include what ethical principles and values should guide HPSR. Descriptive questions include what ethical concerns arise when conducting HPSR. A sm…
Linking Participatory Action Research on Health Systems to Justice in Global Health
An ethical framework called "research for health justice" provides initial guidance on how to link health systems research in low- and middle-income countries to health equity. To further develop the largely conceptual framework, we tested its guidance against the experience of the Maternal and Neonatal Implementation for Equitable Health Systems (Manifest) project, which was performed in rural Uganda by researchers from Makerere University. We c…
Governance of global health research consortia
Designing research funding schemes to promote global health equity
International research is an essential means of reducing health disparities between and within countries and should do so as a matter of global justice. Research funders from high‐income countries have an obligation of justice to support health research in low and middle‐income countries ( LMIC s) that furthers such objectives. This paper investigates how their current funding schemes are designed to incentivise health systems research in LMIC s …
Ethical responsibilities of health research funders to advance global health justice
Research funders from high-income countries have an ethical obligation to support health research in low and middle-income countries that promotes justice in global health. Conceptual work from bioethics proposes funders should do so through their design of grants programs, investments, and grants management. That work has begun to specify the content of funders' ethical responsibility with regards to health systems research, but it has thus far …
Constructing citizen engagement in health research priority‐setting to attend to dynamics of power and difference
Engaging citizens is vital to achieving people‐centred health research. This paper aims to put attention to dynamics of power and dynamics of difference back at the centre of citizen engagement in health research priority‐setting. Without attention to power and difference, engagement can lead to presence without voice and voice without influence, particularly for disadvantaged and marginalised groups. By analysing six key bodies of literature, th…
Inclusion of Marginalized Groups and Communities in Global Health Research Priority-Setting
Community engagement is gaining prominence in global health research. But community members, especially those from groups and communities that are considered disadvantaged and marginalized, rarely have a say in the agendas and priorities of the research projects that aim to help them. This article explores how to achieve their inclusion in priority-setting for global health research projects. A total of 29 in-depth interviews and one focus group …
What is the role of consensus statements in a risk society
This paper explores the role of consensus statements in a risk society. It uses Beck’s theory of risk to show that scientists have employed consensus statements in order to re-establish faith in science. Through analysing the goals of participants in consensus fora and comparing them to the fora processes, this paper considers how consensus statements and guidelines in public health can be viewed as remedies for the decline in expert trust experi…
Towards inclusive priority-setting for global health research projects
Global health research priority-setting is dominated by funders and researchers, often from high-income countries. Engaging communities that are considered disadvantaged and marginalized in priority-setting is essential to making their voices and concerns visible in global health research projects’ topics and questions. However, without attention to power dynamics, their engagement can often lead to presence without voice and voice without influe…
Justice
Health policy and systems research (HPSR) is increasingly being funded and conducted worldwide. There are currently no specific guidelines or criteria for the ethical review and conduct of HPSR. Academic debates on HPSR ethics in the scholarly literature can inform the development of guidelines. Yet there is a deficiency of academic bioethics work relating to justice in HPSR. This gap is especially problematic for a field like HPSR, which can ent…
Community organisation-researcher partnerships
Universities and research funders’ growing emphasis on community partnerships, engagement and outreach has seen a rise in collaborations between university researchers and staff of community organisations (COs) on research projects. What ethical issues and concerns are experienced as part of these collaborations has largely not been described, particularly from the perspective of COs . As part of a recent, broader qualitative study, several conce…
What constitutes fair shared decision‐making in global health research collaborations
Funders (located primarily in high‐income countries) and high‐income country researchers have historically dominated decision‐making within global health research collaborations: from setting agendas and research design to determining how data are collected and analysed and what happens with findings and outputs. The ethical principle of shared decision‐making has been proposed as a way to help address these imbalances within collaborations and t…
Racial and ethnic differentials in Covid-19-related job exposures by occupational standing in the US
Researchers and journalists have argued that work-related factors may be partly responsible for disproportionate COVID-19 infection and death rates among vulnerable groups. We evaluate these issues by describing racial and ethnic differences in the likelihood of work-related exposure to COVID-19. We extend previous studies by considering 12 racial and ethnic groups and five types of potential occupational exposure to the virus: exposure to infect…
Research for Health Justice
Global health research should generate new knowledge to improve the health and well-being of those considered disadvantaged and marginalised. This goal motivates much of the global health research being undertaken today. Yet simply funding and conducting global health research will not necessarily generate the knowledge needed to help reduce health disparities between and within countries. Global health research grants programmes and projects mus…
Genomics governance
Sharing power in global health research
To promote social justice and equity, global health research should meaningfully engage communities throughout projects: from setting agendas onwards. But communities, especially those that are considered disadvantaged or marginalised, rarely have a say in the priorities of the research projects that aim to help them. So far, there remains limited ethical guidance and resources on how to share power with communities in health research priority-se…
What are Important Ways of Sharing Power in Health Research Priority Setting? Perspectives From People With Lived Experience and Members of the Public
Community engagement (patient and public involvement) is gaining prominence in health research worldwide. But there remains limited ethical guidance on how to share power with communities in health research priority setting, particularly that which has been informed by the perspectives of those being engaged. This article provides initial evidence about what they think are important ways to share power when setting health research projects' topic…
Political science (42 works) · Sociology (34 works) · Public relations (29 works) · Law (27 works) · Medicine (26 works) · Ethics in Clinical Research (20 works) · Health care (20 works) · Engineering ethics (17 works) · Psychology (16 works) · Business (15 works)